九年级英语Unit 1Lesson 1－Lesson 4人教朗文版知识精讲

初三英语初三英语 Unit 1 Lesson 1 Lesson 4 人教朗文版人教朗文版 同步教育信息同步教育信息 一 本周教学内容 Unit 1 Lesson 1 Lesson 4 本单元是围绕 在图书馆 和 寻物 谈论所属关系 Talking about possessive relations 语法重点是现在完成时态的构成和用法 包括动词的分词形式 现在完成时的陈 述句 一般疑问句及简略回答 主要讲这个时态表示过去某个动作对现在的影响或结果 一 词汇 1 CD player 激光唱机 discman or CD walkman e g Have you had a CD player 你买到激光唱机了吗 John s CD player is the newest among us 我们当中约翰的激光唱机是最新的 2 hobby n 爱好 an activity that you enjoy and do regularly when you are not working e g Mum s hobby is to grow flowers 妈妈的爱好是种花 What s your hobby Tim 你的爱好是什么 Tim 3 return v 还 to give send or put something back where it came from e g Has Mary returned the library book yet 玛丽还没有还图书馆的书吗 My brother has returned to China already 我兄弟已回到中国了 4 knowledge n 知识 学问 information and under standing that you have in your mind e g Knowledge is very important for us 知识对我们来说是很重要的 Knowledge is power 知识就是力量 5 sooner or later 迟早 used to say that you do not know exactly when something will happen e g Lin will go to Australia sooner or later 林迟早要到澳洲去 If you work so late every day you will be ill sooner or later 如果你每天工作晚 迟早会生病 6 bookmark n 书签 something put between the pages of a book to keep a place in it e g One birthday my friend sent me a nice bookmark as a present 有一次过生日朋友送我一个漂亮的书签作礼物 Look what s this bookmark made of 看 这个书签是由什么做成的 7 library n 图书馆 a building or a room where people may come to read or to borrow books e g Do you often go to the library to borrow books 你常去图书馆借书吗 the Capital Library 首都图书馆 8 librarian n 图书管理员 a person whose job is to help run a library e g I like books I want to be a librarian when I grow up 我喜欢看书 长大我想当个图书管理员 9 borrow v 借 入 take and use something that you will give back after a short time e g May I borrow your pen 可以借用你的钢笔吗 Why not borrow some money from Mr Pope to buy that car 为什么不向 Pope 先生借钱买那辆小汽车呢 10 present n 礼物 something that you give to someone usually for a particular occasion e g I d like to make you a little present 我想送你一件小礼物 They unwrapped their Christmas presents 他们把圣诞礼物拆开 11 yard n 院子 a small area of ground near or round a building often with a fence or wall around it e g The children are playing in the yard 孩子们在院子里玩 Our house has a garden at the front and a yard at the back 我们的房子前面有个花园后面有个院子 二 语法知识 1 I ve lost my dictionary Have you seen it anywhere 我把字典丢了 你看见了吗 anywhere 是副词 表示 任何地方 什么地方 常常用于否定句或一般疑问句中 e g Did you go anywhere last Sunday 上周日你去什么地方了没有 anywhere 也可以表示 不论何处 随便哪里 之意 e g I looked for my math book everywhere but I can t find it anywhere 我到处找我的数学书 可哪儿也找不到 2 Perhaps he s seen it 或许他看见过 perhaps 副词 表示 大概 或许 相当于一个表示猜测的副词 maybe e g Where is Sue Perhaps maybe she is in the classroom 苏在哪 或许在教室 3 It must be still there 它 字典 一定还在那儿呢 still 是副词 表示 仍然 依然 还 之意 常用于肯定句和疑问句中 e g Mrs Li is still very young 李太太仍然很年轻 Do you still live there 你还住在那里吗 4 What happens if you lose a library book 如果你丢了一本图书馆的书 会怎么样呢 happen 动词 含有 产生后果 发生作用 之意 e g What happens if you don t get to school on time 如果你没有按时到学校 会怎么样 5 She used to be a history teacher 她过去曾经是一名历史教师 used to 表示 过去常常 过去经常 的含意 后面可以接系动词 be 也可以接动词 不定式 e g The old man used to be a doctor 老人过去是一位医生 She used to smoke a lot but she doesn t smoke now 她过去吸烟很厉害 但现在她不吸了 在教科书第 199 页课文注释 lesson 2 中有详细讲解 这里不再重复 6 She likes reading books on many different subjects 她喜欢读不同学科的书籍 1 Like doing sth 与 like to do sth 不同 like doing sth 表示喜欢做经常性的动作 而 like to do sth 则表达喜欢做更加具体的某一事情 e g I like reading 我喜爱读书 I like to read story books 我爱看故事书 2 on 是介词 表示 关于 之意 on 侧重于学术性 有 论及 的含意 较为正 式 about 同样可以表示 关于 的含意 但不如 on 正式 内容也较普遍 主要侧重叙事 e g That is a book on American history 这是本关于美国历史的书 What do you know about Len 关于兰你知道什么 Peter likes the book on different kinds of animals of the world very much 彼得特别喜欢那本讲世界上各种动物的书 Have you read the book on medicine 你已经看过那本医学专著了吗 The book is about the life of college students 这本书是关于大学生生活的书 7 Sometimes she reads a few lines puts down the book walks a few steps and thinks for a while and then walks away with the book 有时 她读上几行 放下书 走几步 思考一会儿 然后拿着书便走开了 1 line words that are beside each other on a page e g I read a few lines of it but couldn t understand a word of it 我读了几行 但一个字也看不懂 2 step 名词 脚步 步 之意 同时还可以表示 步骤 措施 之意 词组有 take steps to do sth 是 采取措施做某事 e g We must take steps to save water 我们必须采取措施来节约用水 3 a while 表示 一会儿 一段时间 之意 常与介词 for 连用 Please wait us for a while 请稍等我们一会儿 8 when she left for home 当她启程回家时 leave for 意为 启程赴 去 e g Mary left for Shanghai yesterday 玛丽昨天启程去上海 Sun is leaving for England next Monday 下周一孙要启程去英格兰 9 What was worse Grandma lost more books 更糟的是 奶奶丢了更多的书 What was is adj 比较级 表示 更为 e g I lost my bag what was worse I didn t have any money to buy my train ticket home 我丢了包 更加糟糕的是我没有钱买回家的火车票 What s more important you should keep your body healthy 更加重要的是 你应该保持身体健康 Students what s most important you should not make your parents worry about you 学生们 最重要的是 你不该让父母担心 10 She was worried and so was the librarian 她很着急 管理员也很着急 so 表示 同样 照样 地 也 表示 也 同样 时 后面通常跟 be have do 或 will can should 这样的词 然后再接主语表达与前句相同的意思 e g Jack likes playing football so does John 杰克喜欢踢足球 约翰也喜欢踢足球 She can speak English so can I 她会讲英语 我也会讲英语 You should study hard so should we 你们应该努力学习 我们也应该努力学习 11 I m afraid I ll have to pay for the lost books 恐怕我得赔偿丢失的书了 1 pay作动词 表示 付款 付钱 常与介词 for 连用 表示 赔偿 e g After paying for the handbag I left the shop with it 给书包付完款后 我拿着它离开了商店 How much did you pay for the computer 买这台计算机花了你多少钱 2 I m afraid 表示 很遗憾 抱歉 之意 e g I m afraid I can t tell you about it 我很遗憾我不能告诉你这件事 I m afraid I m late 抱歉我迟到了 12 One day the librarian came up with an idea 一天 图书馆管理员想出了一个主意 come up with to think of a plan idea answer produce 表示 想出 后面常接主意 计划 答案等作宾语 还可以表示 提出 之意 e g He couldn t come up with an answer when I asked him why he was late 当我问他为什么来晚时 他无言对答 When the teacher asks questions Joe always comes up with the answers first in his class 当老师提问时 乔在他们班总是先想出答案 The visitors came up with some suggestions in the meeting 参观者们在会议上提出了一些建议 13 I didn t quite understand how they got the books back so quickly until I picked up a book Grandma had left one day 直到有一天我拾到一本奶奶曾丢失的书 我才真正明白他们是如何这么迅速地把书还 回来的 1 not until 固定句型 表示 直到 才 在 前不 之意 在句型中 主句的 谓语动词一般是终止性动词 e g I didn t know Linda has failed the exam until she told me that 直到琳达告诉我 我才知道她考试不及格 Sam won t go out to play until he finishes his homework 在山姆完成作业前 他不会出去玩的 2 get back 是 找回 失物 取回 之意 一般把物放在 get 与 back 之间 当然 还可以表示 回家 回来 之意 e g Have you got your bike back 你找着你的自行车了吗 When Sarah got back grandma was waiting for her at the gate 当 Sarah 回来的时候 奶奶正在门口等她 3 pick up 表示 拾起 捡起 或者 接 某人 取 某物 之意 e g The boy picked up a piece of waste paper and threw it into the dustbin 男孩捡起一张废纸 把它扔到垃圾箱里 Please come here to pick up the little girl 请来这儿接这个小女孩 When can I pick up these photos Friday 我什么时候可以取这些照片 星期五 14 Have you ever listened to foreign music No not even once 你听过外国音乐吗 没有 一次都没听过 even 为副词 是 甚至 即使 之意 用来加强语气 e g Even a five year old child can answer this question 即使是一个 5 岁的小孩都会回答这个问题 Mr Green is very strict with his daughter he doesn t even let her watch TV 格林先生对女儿要求很严格 甚至不让她看电视 三 语法知识 现在完成时 一 1 构成 现在完成时一般由助动词 have has 过去分词构成 规则动词变过去分词与变 过去式一样 在动词词尾加 ed 1 原则 ed work worked workedvisit visited visited 2 字尾为 e 时 只需加 d like liked likedlive lived lived 3 字尾为 元音字母 y 时 保留y 直接加 ed play played playedstay stayed stayed 字尾为 辅音字母 y 时 将y改为 i 再加 ed study studied studiedcry cried cried 4 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节时 将最后的辅音字母重复后再加 ed stop stopped stoppeddrop dropped dropped 不规则动词的变化可以分为这几类 A A A let let let put put put cut cut cut A A B beat beat beaten A B A come came come run ran run A B B buy bought bought teach taught taught A B C do did done go went gone write wrote written 第三册书第 255 页 第 257 页请同学们熟练背诵 2 定义 现在完成时表示过去发生但与现在情况有联系的动作或状态 例如 1 陈述句 We have found the boy 我们找到了那个男孩 现在大家可以放心了 They have made many dumplings 他们包了许多饺子 现在可以吃了 He has washed his clothes 他已洗了衣服 他没有脏衣服了 2 疑问句形式及其简略回答 Have you cleaned your shoes yet Yes I have 你擦干净鞋了吗 是的 已擦干净了 现在鞋子很亮 Has she read a book about science 她读过一本科学读物吗 她对科学书籍有所接触 No she hasn t 不 她还没有读过 模拟试题模拟试题 I 根据文章的内容和首字母 填入一个完整的单词 使其符合文章含意 Look This is our c isn t it Now s this is not our classroom What is it now Let me tell you It is our l There are s and books everywhere Look here this is a b shelf All the books a science are here This is another b We put all the books about m here Do you like music You can come here to c the books Here is the bookshelf w all the books about sports I think boys like this p of the library very much If you are i in foreign countries you can c here to find your books Good Now this is our library I work here I m a l I love my work b I love books I like those books on different subjects I like you too I w to help you find your books Come to me if you n my help OK But r You must always r your library books on time I m s about this II 根据句意 将括号内的词改成需要的形式 1 There are two on the table tomato 2 We have three nice knife 3 There are some in the office radio 4 This dictionary is very use 5 Computers are used in the world wide 6 The women often go on Saturdays shop III 补全对话 A can I do for you B I want a shirt my son A old is he B He s eleven A Here are shirts for boys This one please It looks very nice it B Yes but it s a long for him I m afraid A What that one over there B Is that the blue one A Yes it is It s than this one B All right is it A Twenty eight yuan B the money A Thank you IV 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1 Where is my letter Meimei Oh I post it already 2