【7年高考5年模拟】高考英语 阅读理解之人物传记类试题汇编

用心 爱心 专心 1 人物传记类第一部分人物传记类第一部分 七年高考题荟萃七年高考题荟萃 2011 年高考题年高考题 1 2011 山东卷 A Arthur Miller 1915 2005 is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century Miller s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary drawn like so many others by the Great American Dream However he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s Millers s most famous play Death of a Salesman is a powerful attack on the American system with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth In Willy Loman the hero of the play we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth Willy is burnt out and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment if he can t do the work then he is no good to his employer the Wagner Company and he must go Willy is painfully aware of this and at loss as to what to do with his lack of success He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end When it was first staged in 1949 the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews and it won the Tony Award for Best Play the New York Drama Critics Circle Award and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama It was the first play to win all three of these major awards Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury Connecticut on the evening of February 10 2005 the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway 56 Why did Arthur Miller s father move to the USA A He suffered from severe hunger in his home country B He was attracted by the Great American Dream C He hoped to make his son a dramatist D His family business failed 57 The play Death of a Salesman A exposes the cruelty of the American business world B discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D focuses on the skills in doing business 58 What can we learn about Willy Loman A He treats his employer badly B He runs the Wagner Company C He is a victim of the American system D He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues 59 After it was first staged Death of a Salesman A achieved huge success B won the first Tony Award C was warmly welcomed by salesmen D was severely attacked by dramatists 60 What is the text mainly about A Arthur Miller and his family B The awards Arthur Miller won C The hardship Arthur Miller experienced 用心 爱心 专心 2 D Arthur Miller and his best known play 解析 56 60 BACAD 语篇解读 本文是讲述了阿瑟 密勒的生平经历及他的代表作 Death of a Salesman 的内容 及评价 36 B 细节题 从第一段第二句话可知米勒的父亲已经从奥地利迁往美国 是和许多其 他人一样受 伟大的美国梦 的驱使 37 A 细节推断题 从第二段第一句话可知米勒写 推销员之死 的目的是对美国制度 的攻击 因为美国商业制度的侵犯性和坚持将金钱和社会地位作为价值的显示 A 指出了 暴露了美国商业世界的残酷 下文也提到了 in the cruel world of business 38 C 推理判断题 从上文介绍情节中得知 Willy Loman 是戏剧中一个角色 而这个角色 最终因为在这个制度中屡遭失败自杀身亡 因此推断他是美国制度的受害者 39 A 细节推断题 从第三段得知一上映便赢得许多奖项 因此获得巨大成功 40 D 主旨大意题 A 没有提及 BC 都是片面的 2 2011 陕西卷 B Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the first person to win it twice However few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner Born in September 1987 Irene Curie was the first of the Curies two daughters Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars Irene studied in their own school and her mother was one of the teachers She finished her high school education at the College of S vign in Paris Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics When World War I began Irene went to help her mother who was using X ray facilities 设备 to help save the lives of wounded soldiers Irene continued the work by developing X ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgrum Her services were recognised in the form of a Military s Medal by the French government In 1918 Irene became her mother s assistant at the Curie Institute In December 1924 Frederic Joliot joined the Institute and Irene taugh him the techniques required for his work They soon fell in love and were married in 1926 Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later Like her mother Irene combined family and career Like her mother Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize along with her husband in 1935 Unfortunately also like her mother she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity 辐射能 Irene Joliot Curie died from leukemia on March 17 1956 49 Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal B A Because she received a degree in mathematics B Because she contributed to saving the wounded C Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic D Because she worked as a helper to her mother 50 Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederio joliot A A At the Curie Institute B At the Cniversity of Paris C At a military hospital D At the College of Sevigne 51 When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born A A In 1932 B In 1927 C In 1897 D In 1926 用心 爱心 专心 3 52 In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother C A Irene worked with radioactivity B Irene combined family and career C Irene won the Nobel Prize once D Irene died from leukemia 3 2011 重庆卷 D William Butler Yeats a most famous Irish writer was born in Dublin on June 13 1865 His childhood lacked the harmony 和睦 that was typical of a happy family Later Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered little of childhood but its pain In fact he inherited 继承 excellent taste in art from his family both his father and his brother were painters But he finally settled on literature particularly drama 戏剧 and poetry Yeats had strong faith in coming of new artistic movements He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s His early theatrical experiments however were not received favorably at the beginning He didn t lose heart and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama Compared with his dramatic works Yeats s poems attract much admiring notice The subject matter includes love nature history time and aging Though Yeats generally relied on very tradisional forms he brought modern sensibility to them As his literary life progressed his poetry grew finer and richer which led him to worldwide recognition He had not enjoyed a major public lift since winning the Nobel Price in 1923 Yet he continued writing almost to the end of his life Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40 he would probably now be valued as a minor poet for there is no other example in literary history of a poet who produces his greatest works between the age of 50 and 75 After Yeats s death in 1939 W H Auden wrote among others the falling liners Earth receive an honoured guest William Yeats is laid to rest Let the Irish vessel 船 lie Emptied of its poetry 68 Which of the following can describe Yeats s family A It filled Yeats s childhood with laughter B It was shocked by Yeats s choice C It was a typically wealthy family D It had an artistic atmosphere 69 According to thse passage what do we know about Yeats s life A Yeats founded the first Irish theater B Yeats stuck to modern forms in his peotry C Yeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s D Yeats was not favored by the publie until the 1923 Noble Prize 70 What kind of feeling is expressed in W H Auden s lines A Envy B Sympathy C Emptiness D Admiration 71 What is the passage mainly about A Yeats s literary achievements B Yeats s historical influence C Yeats s artistic ambition D Yeats s national honor 用心 爱心 专心 4 答案 DCDA 4 2011 福建卷 D Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life she revealed 展现 herself as she did nowhere else After the death of her second husband Greek shipping magnate AristotieOnassis laqueline s close friend and former White House social Letitis Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career in publishing After consideration Jacqueline accepted it Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how to live her own life She became not less but more interested in reading For the last 20 years of her life Jacqueline worked as a publisher s editor first at Viking then at Doubleday pursuing 追求 a late life career longer than her two marriages combined During her time in publishing she was responsible for managing and editing more than 100 sucessfully marketed books Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversation into a book The Power of Myth The book went on to become an international best seller She dealt too with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography 自传 Moonwalk Jaequelinered for her name and for her social relations but she soon proved Her worth Her shoicas suggestions and widespread social relations were of benefit both to the publishing Since and to Jacqueline herself In the books she selected for publication she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind Her books are the autobiofraphy she never wrote Her role as First lady in the end was overshadowed by her performance as an editor However few knew that she had achteved so much 68 We can learn from the passage that Jecqueline A because fond of reading after working as an editor B was in charge of publishing 100 books C promoted lier books through social relations D gained a lot from her career as an editor 69 The underlined sentence in the last paragph probably means this A Jscqueline s ended up as an editor rather than as First Lady B Jscqueline s life as First Lady was more colorful than as an editor C Jscqueline was more successful as an editor than as First Lady D Jscqueline s role as First Lady was more brilliant than as an editor 70 What can be inferred from the passage A Jscqueline s two marriages lasted more than 20 years B Jscqueline s own publishing firm was set up eventually C Jscqueline s views and beliefs were reflected in the books she edited D Jscqueline s achievements were widely known 71 The passage is mainly A an introduction of jacqueline s life both as Fist Lady and as editor B a brief description of jacqueline s lifelong experiences C a brief account of jacqueline s career as an editor in her last 20 years D an analysis of Jscqueline s social relations in publishing 答案 DCCC 用心 爱心 专心 5 2010 年高考题年高考题 Passage 1 10 安徽安徽 A 篇篇 The engineer Camilla Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908 At his factory in Ivrea he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter Today the company s head office is still in Ivrea near Turin but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13 000 machines a year Some went to customers in Italy but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries Camillo s son Adriano started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and design specialist The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators 计算器 In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer system This was the first mainframe 主机 computer designed and made in Italy After Adriano died in 1960 the company had a period of financial problem Other companies especially the Japanese made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company In 1978 Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment Soon it became one of the world s lesding companies in information technology and commucations There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group one for personal computers one for other office equipment one for systems and service and two for telecommunications 56 From the text we learn that A by 1930 Olivetti produced 13 000 typewriters a year B Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950s C some of Olivetti s 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy D Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning 57 What was probably the direct result of Olivetti s falling behind in electronic technology A Adriano s death B A period of financial problems C Its faster progress D Its agreements with other companies 58 What do we know about Olivetti A It produced the best typewriter in the world B It designed the world s first mainframe computer C It exported more typewriters than other companies D It has five independent companies with its head office in Ivrea 59 The best title for the text would be A The Origin of Olivetti B The Success of Olivetti C The History of Olivetti D The Production of Olivetti 答案答案 56 59 ABDC Passage 2 用心 爱心 专心 6 10 福建福建 A 篇篇 F Scott Fitzgerald born on September 24 1896 an American novelist was once a student of St Paul Academy the Newman School and attended Princeton University for a short while In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre Then he had to make some money to impress her His life with her was full of great happiness as he wrote in his diary My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary This side of paradise his first novel was published in 1920 Encouraged by its success Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned 1922 a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age 1922 and a play The Vegetable 1923 But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby published in 1925 which quick brought him praise from the literary world Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security Then in 1926 he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men However Fitzgerald s problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life but failed By 1930 his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The Love of the Last Tycoon in 1940 while his wife was in hospital in the United States he got totally addicted to alcohol Sheila Graham his dear friend helped him fight his alcoholism 56 How many novels written by Fitzgerald are mentioned in the passage A 5 B 6 C 7 D 8 57 Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald s life according to the passage a He became addicted to drinking b He studied at St Paul Academy c He published his first novel This Side of Paradise d The Great Gatsby won high praise e He failed to reorder his life f He joined the army and met Zelda A f c e a b d B b e a f c d C f d e c b a D b f c d e a 58 We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald A had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama B was well educated and well off before he served in the army C would have completed more works if his wife hadn t broken down D helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital 59 The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about A Zelda s personal life B Zelda s illness and treatment C Fitzgerald s friendship with Graham D Fitzgerald s contributions to the literary world 用心 爱心 专心 7 答案答案 56 59 ADCD Passage 3 10 湖南湖南 B 篇篇 When Mary Moore began her high school in 1951 her mother told her Be sure and take a typing course so when this show business thing doesn t work out you ll have something to rely on Mary responded in typical teenage fashion From that moment on the very last thing I ever thought about doing was taking a typing course she recalls The show business thing worked out of course In her career Mary won many awards Only recently when she began to write Growing Up Again did she regret ignoring her morn I don t know how to use a computer she admits Unlike her 1995 autobiography After All her second book is less about life as an award winning actress and more about living with diabetes 糖尿病 All the money from the book is intended for the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation JDRF an organization she serves as international chairman I felt there was a need for a book like this she says I didn t want to lecture but I wanted other diabetics to know that things get better when we re self controlled and do our part in managing the disease But she hasn t always practiced what she teaches In her book she describes that awful day almost 40 years ago when she received two pieces of life changing news First she had lost the baby she was carrying and second tests showed that she had diabetes In a childlike act she left the hospital and treated herself to a box of doughnuts 甜甜圈 Years would pass before she realized she had to grow u p again and take control of her diabetes not let it control her Only then did she kick her three pack a day cigarette habit overcome her addiction to alcohol and begin to follow a balanced diet Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forced her to the sidelines of the dance floor she refuses to fall into self pity Everybody on earth can ask why me about something or other she insists It doesn t do any good No one is immune 免疫的 to heartache pain and disappointments Sometimes we can make things better by helping others I ve come to realize the importance of that as I ve grown up this second time I want to speak out and be as helpful as I can be 61 Why did Mary feel regretful A She didn t achieve her ambition B She didn t take care of her mother C She didn t complete her high school D She didn t follow her mother s advice 62 We can know that before 1995 Mary A had two books published B received many career awards C knew how to use a computer D supported the JDRF by writing 63 Mary s second book Growing Up Again is mainly about her A living