2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（山东卷解析版）

用心 爱心 专心 1 20112011 山东省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题解析版山东省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题解析版 本试卷分第 卷和第 卷两部分 共 12 页 满分 150 分 考试用时 120 分钟 考试结束后 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回 注意事项 1 答题前 考生务必用 0 5 毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名 座号 准考证号 县区和 科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上 2 第 卷每小题选出答案后 用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑 如需改 动 用橡皮擦干净后 再选涂其他答案标号 3 第 卷必须用 0 5 毫米黑色签字笔作答 答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相 应的位置 不能写在试卷上 如需改动 先划掉原来的答案 然后再写上新的答案 不能使用涂改液 胶带纸 修正带 不按以上要求作答的答案无效 第 卷 共 105 分 第二部分 英语知识运用 共两节 满分 35 分 第一节 语法和词汇知识 共 15 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 15 分 从 A B C D 四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑 21 Take your time it s just short distance from here to restaurant A 不填 theB a theC the aD 不填 a 解析 B 考查冠词 句意 慢慢来 从这儿到旅馆只是一小段距离 diastance 表一段距离 用 a 如固定搭配 from a distance of 第二个空 the restaurant 是两人都知道的事 物 是特指 22 I m sorry I broke the vase Oh It wasn t very expensive A you d better notB I m afraid notC as you wish D that s all right 解析 D 考查交际用语 句意 对不起 我打碎了花瓶 哦 没关系 它不很贵 根据句 子情境上下文 用来回答 sorry 其他选项不符合英语表达习惯 A 你最好别那样做 B 我恐怕不是这样 C 正如你期待的 23 Find ways to praise your children often you ll find they will open their hearts to you A tillB orC andD but 解析 C 考并列连词用法 分析前后分句逻辑关系 是条件或假设关系 而且 祈使句 and or otherwise 固定句型所以选 C 24 The two girls are so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other A it B them C her D that 解析 A 考查固定句型 句意 这两个小女孩如此相像 以至于很难辨别出彼此 此句式 it 做形式宾语的结构如下 find make consider suppose 等 it adj n to do that 25 They are broadening the bridge to the flow of traffic A put off B speed up C turn on D work out 解析 B 考查短语意义辨析 句意 他们加宽大桥以加速交通流量 A 意为 推迟 C 意为 打开 D 意为 计算出 做出 用心 爱心 专心 2 26 I m afraid he s more of a talker than a doer which is her never finishes anything A that B when C where D why 解析 D 考查表语从句 句义 我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家 那就是他一 事无成的原因 本文 which is 引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句 意用 why 引导 27 Look over there there s a very long winding path up to the house A leading B leads C led D to lead 解析 A 本题是考察非谓语动词 leading up to 做定语修饰 Path 意味 通向房子 的路 而且 leading up to the house 可以换成 which leads up to the house 和 path 是主动关系 所以用现在分词作后置定语 B 不是非谓语动词 C 为过去分词表示被 而 lead to 这个短语只有主动用法 D 不定式表将来未发生 28 He had his camera ready he saw something that would make a good picture A even if B if only C in case D so that 解析 C 考查状语从句引导词 句意 他准备好了相机以防看到可以拍摄的景物 in case 为 以防 以免 even if 为 即使 if only 为 如果 so that 为了 以便 29 Are you going to Tom s birthday party I might have to work A It dependsB Thank youC Sounds greatD Don t mention it 解析 A 此题为考查交际用语 句意 你要去参加汤姆的生日聚会吗 看情况而定 我可能得工作 根据回答的后半句推测句意选 A C 为 听起来不错 用于接受某人的提议 D 为 不用提了 用于回答别人说 thank you 30 I m sorry I didn t phone you but I ve been very busy the past couple of weeks A beyondB withC amongD over 解析 D 考查时态 通过前半句 I ve been very busy 现在完成时 可知搭配用的时 间状语为 在过去的几周里 固定搭配用介词 over the past couple of weeks in the past couple of weeks 31 When I got on the bus I I had left my wallet at home A was realizingB realizedC have realizedD would realize 解析 B 此题考查时态 根据前半句 when I got on the bus 为明确的过去的时间状语 因此和一般过去时搭配 32 The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other A theyB whereC whatD that 解析 D 此题考察定语从句的引导词 句意 这个老城镇拥有建的彼此靠近的狭窄的街 道和狭小的房屋 定语从句中缺少主语指物 因此用 that 33 We ve offered her the job but I don t know she ll accept it A whereB whatC whetherD which 解析 选 C 此题考查宾语从句的引导词 根据句意 我们提供给她了这份工作 但我不知道 她是否会接受 whether 是否 where 哪里 what 什么 which 哪个 用心 爱心 专心 3 34 There s a in our office that when it s somebody s birthday they bring in a cake for us all to share A tradition B balance C concern D relationship 解析 A 考查词汇意义 句意 在我们办公室有一个长期以来形成的做法是当时某个人 的生日的时候 他们会拿来一个蛋糕来分享 A tradition C belief or custom passed on in this way any long established method practice etc 传统的信仰和风 俗 长期以来形成的方法 做法等 balance c u 天平 平衡 concern 担心 担忧 关心 relation 关系 亲戚 35 She was surprised to find the fridge empty the child everything A had been eating B had eaten C have eaten D have been eating 解析 B 此题考查时态 句意 她吃惊的发现冰箱空了 这个孩子吃掉了所有的东西 据前半句可知 孩子吃掉东西这个动作是发生在 was surprised 之前 因此用过去完成 时 评析 今年的单选考题可以说难度适中而且和课标及考试说明强调的重点考查点吻 合 并且以往的一些较难的语法项目 如虚拟语气 非谓语动词一些较难的用法都没有出现 较为偏和难的词汇和低频词汇没有在考查的行列 这和公布的关于教材的一些较难部分语法 和词汇的删减说明是吻合的 如时态题目考了 3 道 从句的题目 4 道涉及到定语从句 表语 从句 状语从句 宾语从句覆盖面比较全 还有非谓语动词 1 道考题且仅为 ing 形式做 定语 考查词汇和短语意义的 2 道及固定句型 2 道 和交际用语 2 道 冠词 1 道 第二节完形填空 共 20 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 20 分 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 A B C 和 D 选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 I first went to hear a live rock concert when I was eight years old My brother and his friends were all 36 of a heavy metal group called Black Wednesday When they 37 that Black Wednesday were going to perform at our local theatre they all bought 38 for performance However at the last minute one of the friends couldn t go so my brother 39 me the ticket I was really 40 I remember the buzz 嘈杂声 of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our 41 After a few minutes the lights went down and everybody became 42 I could barely make out the stage in the 43 We waited Then there was a roar from the crowd like an explosion as the first members of the band 44 the stage My brother leaned over and shouted something in my ear but I couldn t 45 what he was saying The first song was already starting and the music was as 46 a jet engine I could 47 the drum beats and bass notes in my stomach I can t recall any of the songs that the band played I just 48 that I really enjoyed the show and didn t want it to 49 But in the end after three encores 加演 the show finished We left the 50 and walked unsteadily out onto the pavement I felt a little dizzy as if I had just 51 from a long sleep My ears were still 52 with the beat of the last song After the 53 I became a Black Wednesday fan too for a few years before getting into other kinds of music Once in a while 54 I listen to one of their songs and 55 I m back at that first show 用心 爱心 专心 4 36 A members B friends C fans D volunteers 37 A guessed B discovered C thought D predicted 38 A flowers B drinks C clothes D tickets 39 A booked B offered C returned D found 40 A relaxed B embarrassed C excited D encouraged 41 A seats B entrance C spots D space 42 A comfortable B quite C serious D nervous 43 A silence B noise C darkness D smoke 44 A A fell upon B B got through C C broke into D D stepped onto 45 A A forget B B hear C C repeat D D bear 46 A A loud B B heard C C sweet D D fast 47 A A feel B B touch C C enjoy D D digest 48 A A realize B B understand C C believe D D remember 49 A A continue B B delay C C finish D D change 50 A A party B B t theatre C C opera D D stage 51 A A escaped B B traveled C C benefited D D woken 52 A A aching B B burning C C ringing D D rolling 53 A A competition B B performance C C interview D D celebration 54 A A though B B otherwise C C instead D D besides 55 A A decide B B regret C C conclude D D imagine 语篇解读 本文是记叙文 讲述了作者在八岁时第一次听现场摇滚音乐会的经历和感受 以及后来也成 为那个 Black Wednesday 乐队的粉丝 也因此喜欢和走入其他的音乐 但是再听这个乐队的 乐曲时又会回忆起那个演唱会的情境 36 C 下文最后一段有照应 I became a Black Wednesday fan too for a few years 37 B discovered 发现 guessed 猜测 thought 认为 predicted 预测 38 D ticket for 搭配 表演的票 39 B offered 主动提供 从上文看 因为离演出还有一分钟时有一个朋友不能去 我 的哥哥就将票给了我 40 C 从上文推理出我得到票后应该很兴奋 relaxed 放松的 embarrassed 尴尬的 excited 兴奋的 encouraged 受到鼓舞的 41 A inside the theatre 在剧场里面 应是找到座位 entrance 入口 spots 地 点 现场 space 空白 空 42 B 和上文刚入场的嘈杂对比 要演出了应是静下来了 43 C 从上文 make out the stage 指很难辨认出舞台 可推断因为太黑所以看不清 44 D 踏上舞台用 stepped onto fell upon 指 躺在 上 got through 通过 做完 broke into 闯入 用心 爱心 专心 5 45 B 上下文 46 A 下文表明十分响就像一架喷气发动机 47 A 我能感觉到鼓点和贝斯的声音在我的肚子上震动 48 D 对应上文的 recall 记起 回忆起 49 C 下文有提示 finish 50 B 只离开了剧场 上文有提示 theatre 51 D 我感到有些眩晕 好像刚从一场长梦中醒来 52 C 耳朵鸣响用 ringing aching 疼痛 burning 燃烧 rolling 滚动 53 B 应是在演出后 54 A though 做副词 然而 55 D imagine 意为 想象 又回到了当时那个现场 评析 此篇文章内容贴近生活 情节简单明晰 文章词汇和句式结构均不复杂 设题通 过上下文推断和常识推断可以得出 可以看出高考完形填空的趋势是贴近生活的话题 记叙 文体裁为主 理解和交际为目的 而词汇句式多为高频词汇 文章短而设空密 也是考察学 生语篇理解和重新构建完整语篇的能力 第三部分第三部分 阅读理解 共阅读理解 共 2020 小题 每小题小题 每小题 2 2 分 满分分 满分 4040 分 分 阅读下列短文 从每小题所给的四个选项 A B C D 中选出最佳选项 并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑 A A Arthur Miller 1915 2005 is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century Miller s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary drawn like so many others by the Great American Dream However he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early l930s Millers s most famous play Death of a Salesman is a powerful attack on the American system with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth In Willy Loman the hero of the play we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth Willy is burnt out and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment if he can t do the work then he is no good to his employer the Wagner Company and he must go Willy is painfully aware of this and at loss as to what to do with his lack of success He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end When it was first staged in 1949 the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews and it won the Tony Award for Best Play the New York Drama Critics 用心 爱心 专心 6 Circle Award and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama It was the first play to win all three of these major awards Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury Connecticut on the evening of February 10 2005 the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway 56 Why did Arthur Miller s father move to the USA A He suffered from severe hunger in his home country B He was attracted by the Great American Dream C He hoped to make his son a dramatist D His family business failed 57 The play Death of a Salesman A exposes the cruelty of the American business world B discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D focuses on the skills in doing business 58 What can we learn about Willy Loman A He treats his employer badly B He runs the Wagner Company C He is a victim of the American system D He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues 59 After it was first staged Death of a Salesman A achieved huge success B won the first Tony Award C was warmly welcomed by salesmen D was severely attacked by dramatists 60 What is the text mainly about A Arthur Miller and his family B The awards Arthur Miller won C The hardship Arthur Miller experienced D Arthur Miller and his best known play 解析 56 60 BACAD 语篇解读 本文是讲述了阿瑟 密勒的生平经历及他的代表作Death of a Salesman的内 容及评价 56 B 细节题 从第一段第二句话可知米勒的父亲已经从奥地利迁往美国 是和许多其他 人一样受 伟大的美国梦 的驱使 57 A 细节推断题 从第二段第一句话可知米勒写 推销员之死 的目的是对美国制度的 攻击 因为美国商业制度的侵犯性和坚持将金钱和社会地位作为价值的显示 A 指出了 暴露了美国商业世界的残酷 下文也提到了 in the cruel world of business 58 C 推理判断题 从上文介绍情节中得知 Willy Loman 是戏剧中一个角色 而这个角色最 终因为在这个制度中屡遭失败自杀身亡 因此推断他是美国制度的受害者 用心 爱心 专心 7 59 A 细节推断题 从第三段得知一上映便赢得许多奖项 因此获得巨大成功 60 D 主旨大意题 A 没有提及 BC 都是片面的 B Tim Richter and his wife Linda had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo New York he in computers she in special education Teaching means everything to us Tim would say In April1998 he learned he would need a heart operation It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about life s purpose Not long after the surgery Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library a program started by Dolly Parton s foundation 基金会 that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singer s home town of Sevier Tennessee I thought maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire Tim recalls He placed the brochure on his desk as a reminder Five years later now retired and with that brochure still on the desk Tim clicked on imagination library com The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters Rather than sign up online they went to Dollywood for a look see We didn t want to give the children rubbish says Linda The books reviewed each year by teachers literacy specialists and Dollywood board members included classics such as Ezra Jack Keats s The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdney s Llama Llama series Satisfied the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work Since 2004 they have shipped more than 12 200 books to preschoolers in their in their area Megan Williams a mother of four is more than appreciative This program introduces us to books I ve never heard of The Richters spend about 400 a month sending books to 200 children Some people sit there and wait to die says Tim Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left 62 What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library A Give out brochures B Do something similar C Write books for children D Retire from being a teacher 63 According to the text Dollly Parton is A a well known surgeon B a mother of a four year old C a singer born in Tennessee D a computer programmer 64 Why did the Richters go to Dollywood A To avoid signing up online B To meet Dollywood board members C To make sure the books were the newest 用心 爱心 专心 8 D To see if the books were of good quality 65 What can we learn from Tim s words in the last paragraph A He needs more money to help the children B He wonders why some people are so busy C He tries to save those waiting to die D He considers his efforts worthwhile 解析 61 65 ABCDD 语篇解读 本文讲述了里克特作为教师的一家人在退休后又做出捐献书给儿童的决定 并且为此建立了基金会的事情 而且他们认为这使得他们的人生更为有意义 61 A 细节理解题 由第一段最后两句话可知是 Tim 得病导致他思考生命的意义 62 B 细节理解题 从第二段 Tim 说的话中 I could do something like this when we retire 知道他打算在退休后做类似的事 是 B 选项 63 C 细节理解题 从第二段的第一句话得出 Dollly Parton 是 singer 64 D 细节理解题 从第四段前两句话中得出 We didn t want to give the children rubbish 比喻指我们不想要质量不好的东西 从本段首句主题句中也能得 出 the Richters 关心的是书的质量 65 D 从最后一段 Tim 的话 有些人坐而等待死亡 而有些人则在他的余生尽可能的忙碌 着 可知 他认为自己做出的事情是值得的有意义的 C Diana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21 year old twin sons a combination of savings income scholarships and a modest amount of borrowing Then her husband lost his job and the plan fell apart I have two kids in college and I want to say come home but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education says Jacobs The Jacobs family did work out a solution They asked and received more aid from the schools and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan 贷款 program They will each graduate with 20 000 of debt but at least they will be able to finish school With unemployment rising financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the Jacobs More students are applying for aid and more families expect to need student loans College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around At the same time tuition 学费 continues to rise A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439 from 1982 to 2007 while average family income rose just 147 Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade If we go on this way for another 25years we won t have an affordable system of higher education says Patrick M Callan president of the center The middle class families have been financing it through debt They will send kids to college whatever it takes even if that means a huge amount of debt Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them 用心 爱心 专心 9 The good news however is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted 67 How did the Jacobs manage to solve their problem A They asked their kids to come home B They borrowed 20 000 from the school C They encouraged their twin sons to do part time jobs D They got help from the school and the federal government 68 Financial aid administrators believe that A more families will face the same problem as the Jacobses B the government will receive more letters of complaint C college tuition fees will double soon D America s unemployment will fall 69 What can we learn about the middle class families from the text A They blamed the government for the tuition increase B Their income remained steady in the last decade C They will try their best to send kids to college D Their debts will be paid off within 25 years 70 According to the last paragraph the government will A provide most students will scholarships B dismiss some financial aid administrators C stop the companies from making student loans D go on providing financial support for college students 解析 66 70 BDACD 语篇解读 本文介绍了今年学生贷款增多给家庭带来的压力和大学学费的不断增加的 社会问题 提出政府对之做出的回应 66 B 推理判断题 第一段提到 Diana Jacobs 的家庭本来有一个可行的计划可以支付 两个双胞胎儿子的大学费用 可由于丈夫的失业计划瓦解了 67 D 推理判断题 第三段指出解决方案 solution 是向学校索求更多的援助 每个儿 子增加贷款到最大额度 如原文 They asked and received more aid from the schools and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal 用心 爱心 专心 10 loan 贷款 program 也即是选项 B 68 A 细节推断题 由第四段 expect to hear more families like the Jacobs 可以 得知 财政援助的管理员们预期会看到更多像 Jacobs 一家的情况 同义转换即选项 A 而 BD 原文没有提到 C 从第五段 Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade 可知在过去 10 年里已经长了一倍还多 因此是错的 69 C 推理判断题 从第六段最后一句话 They will send kids to college whatever it takes even if that means a huge amount of debt 可知 无论需要什么他们都会 送孩子去上大学 即使那意味着大笔的债务 70 D 细节推断题 由最后一段可知许多公司做出决定说学生贷款利润股沟因此不再做贷 款 而好消息是联邦政府承担着四分之三的学生贷款 因此推断是 D 政府将继续承担对大 学生的资金援助 D D Since the 1970s scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers Brain computer interface BCI technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines Recently two researchers Jose Milan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic school in Lausanne Switzerland demonstrated 展示 a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person s thoughts In the laboratory Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts our brain has billions of nerve ceils These send signals through the spinal cord 脊髓 to the muscles to give us the ability to move But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles Tavella says Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices The researchers designed a special c