广州八年级英语下册unit1-知识点讲解与练习题(附答案)

第一节 语法选择 1 Yao Ming is one of in the world A most famous basketball playerB the most famous basketball player C the most famous basketball playersD the more famous basketball players 2 When you phoned me at 7 o clock yesterday I TV A watchedB have watchedC was watchingD am watching 3 My little brother was in collecting stamps A interestB interestedC interestingD interests 4 The reporter gives information to readers A a number ofB muchC the number ofD many 5 I a meal when you me A cooked were phoningB was cooking phoned C was cooking were phoningD cooked phoned 6 Benjamin Franklin was curious how things worked A inB onC aboutD of 7 Oh that would be good Thanks a lot A Could you help me B Please pick up the book C I m sorry I broke the vase D Can I help you with anything 8 My grandmother has four grandchildren me A includesB includingC includedD include 9 My parents have always encouraged me anything I want to A to tryB tryingC triedD tries 10 she was watching TV she heard a sound outside the room A WhenB AsC As soon asD While 第二节 语法选择 共 10 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 10 分 When I had something difficult to do I used to ask my mother 11 help But she always said Do it yourself dear I was not glad at all I 12 she was the laziest mother in the world For example one day I decided to invite 13 friends to my home My bedroom was not in order 14 I didn t make the bed I asked 15 mother to help me clean it but she said Do it yourself girl So I did it by myself And she made me unhappy for 16 long time 17 my mother is lazy I have to wash my clothes and clean my room I have to help my parents 18 housework I even have to go to the dentist by myself It is really hard for me to do everything well but I have learned 19 As time goes by I understand my mother She makes me clever and diligent What a great mother A good mother 20 equal to one hundred teachers Don t you think so 11 A inB forC toD of 12 A thinkB am thinkingC thoughtD will think 13 A someB anyC 1ittleD few 14 A ButB SoC OrD And 15 A IB meC myD mine 16 A aB anC theD 17 A IfB UntilC BecauseD Before 18 A doB doingC didD done 19 A a little B a lotC a little ofD a lot of 20 A isB areC have beenD had been 三 完形填空 共 10 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 10 分 Bessie Coleman was born in the USA Her family was 21 She was in college for only one year She had to 22 because she did not have enough money to finish her studies But during that year she learned about 23 She read about the first flight of the Wright Brothers and the first American woman pilot Harriet Quimby Bessie often thought about what it would feel like to fly like a bird 24 the age of 23 Bessie Coleman went to Chicago There she did some ordinary jobs But she wanted to do something more important She decided to learn 25 to fly planes She soon found 26 was almost impossible to get into a flight school which would admit a 27 woman Bessie learned that she would have a better chance in Europe So she began to study 28 at a language school in Chicago After World War I Bessie Coleman went to France She went to the famous 29 school in northern France She learned to fly in a plane there She 30 seven months of flight training and in 1921 got her international permit to fly in France She became the first black woman ever to have an international pilot s license 21 A richB poorC bigD small 22 A 1eave B come C arrive D stay 23 A singing B jumpingC flying D driving 24 A With B To C For D At 25 A where B when C how D why 26 A thatB thisC itD there 27 A beautifulB smartC whiteD black 28 A EnglishB FrenchC ChineseD Japanese 29 A artB flightC languageD dance 30 A finishedB providedC missedD changed 四 阅读理解 共 10 小题 每小题 2 分 满分 20 分 A The Presidents of the USA Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families They spent their childhood in little wooden houses They got little education Washington and Lincoln for example never went to school and they taught themselves Lincoln once did jobs of a worker shopkeeper and post officer in his early years Many US presidents had experiences in the army The two best known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight D Eisenhower Grant was a general and Eisenhower was a hero in the war It so happened that they graduated from the same school West Point Military Academy People may be surprised to learn that both of them did not do well in the school Eisenhower for example was once fined because he broke the rules of the school The jobs of US presidents are tiring He must keep an eye on anything important which happens both at home and abroad Every day a lot of work waits for him to do and he has to decide on a lot of things When Franklin Roosevelt was a child he was once brought to visit President Taft The old president said to him When you grow up you should not be president It s a tiring job 31 In the 19th century many US presidents A worked as workers shop keepers and post officers in their early years B didn t want to go to school when they were young C didn t know much about their work D couldn t receive good education before they grew up 32 President Eisenhower became well known A when he was a child B after he became President of the USA C in the war D while studying in West Point Military Academy 33 The main idea of the second paragraph is A Grant and Eisenhower became well known because they both graduated from a famous school B many of the US presidents had been in the army before they took office C Eisenhower didn t do well in the school D only people from military schools could be presidents 34 What does the underlined phrase keep an eye on in the third paragraph mean A Never keep in mind B Pay no attention to C Look at something with one eye D Pay close attention to 35 Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph A It is an important and tiring job to be the US president B President Taft didn t want Roosevelt to be a president because he was too young C None of the presidents except Taft could do the tiring job D In the USA no one wanted to be president because it was too tiring B Yangguang China Beijing is the place to go Best of Beijing 5 Days From 799 2 nights Beijing Hotel 2 nights Changcheng Hotel Book online or call www yangguangtour c om Beijing Hotel Close to Tian anmen Square Prize winning garden Bars French restaurant Swimming pool Changcheng Hotel Gardens with mountain views Restaurants Caf Night Club Buses to the downtown area Departure Date Price 8 June 899 29 July 999 30 August 799 30 September 1299 To book choose your preferred departure date Business Hours Weekdays 24 hours Weekends 8 am 6 pm 36 Which of the two hotels can we swim at A Beijing HotelB Changcheng Hotel C NeitherD Both 37 If we want to set off around National Day 国庆节 which departure date should we choose A 8 JuneB 29 JulyC 30 AugustD 30 September 38 We cannot book by telephone at A 9 00 a m MondayB 9 00 p m Thursday C 9 00 a m SaturdayD 9 00 p m Sunday 39 According to the ad which of the following is TRUE A This ad is given by a Beijing travel company B Changcheng Hotel is in the centre of Beijing C We can save 500 leaving in late August instead of late September D We can stay in Beijing for four nights and four days 40 Where can you probably read the ad A A story book B A novel C A guide book D A notebook 五 写作 共三节 满分 25 分 第一节 单词拼写 共 5 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 5 分 41 A car a happened here yesterday 42 Lang Lang s s came at a price 43 Michael Phelps won 8 gold m in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games 44 Bees 蜜蜂 are h animals 45 Heath Francis o a lot of problems before winning the matches 第二节 完成句子 共 5 小题 每小题 2 分 满分 10 分 46 工人们对于每天做同样的事情感到厌倦 Workers doing the same things every day 47 杰克正在看电视播放的卡通 Jack is watching cartoons 48 郎朗三岁开始上钢琴课 Lang Lang began taking piano lessons three 49 玛丽的母亲对她要求很严格 Mary s mother her 50 由于长时间的工作 怀特先生昨天病了 Mr White yesterday because of long time work 第三节 书面表达 10 分 请根据以下要点和提示词写一篇 60 词左右的作文 1 比尔 盖茨是世界上最富有的人之一 他以个人电脑软件而闻名 2 比尔 盖茨 1955 年 10 月 28 日出生于美国西雅图 3 他 13 岁开始对电脑程序产生兴趣 1973 年进入哈佛大学学习 4 1975 年他与好友成立微软公司 目前是全球最大的电脑软件供应商 5 比尔 盖茨是一个充满爱心的人 他喜欢打高尔夫球和网球 提示词 Bill Gates be famous for personal software Seattle Harvard University Microsoft Corporation provider kind hearted golf 重点单词的讲解重点单词的讲解 1 raise v 筹集 提升 增加 第三人称单数 raises 过去式 raised 过去分词 raised 现在分词 raising 搭配 raise one s voice 提高嗓门 raise a family 养家糊口 raise money 筹款 raise price 提高价格 raise one s spirits 打起精神 raise keep 有 饲养 抚养 的意思 如 raise cattle keep cattle 饲养牲口 和 raise children 抚养孩子 辨析 raise rise rise rose risen 的区别 1 这两个词都有 提高 上升 增加 的意思 但其用法不同 raise 是及物动词 其主语通常是人 而 rise 是不及物动词 其主语通常是物 例如 The sun rises and bathes the earth 太阳升起 普照大地 2 raise 和 rise 用于同一事物时含义不同 例如 The price of TV sets has been raised recently 最近电视机提价了 政府或厂家主 动行动 The price of TV sets has risen recently 最近电视机提价了 市场调节 2 permission n agreement 准许 批准 Write a letter to the head teacher to ask permission to raise money 给校长写一封信 请求允许筹钱 同根词 permit v allow you to do it 许可 准许 默许 The guards permitted me to bring my camera and tape recorder 3 disabled adj 有伤残的 丧失能力的 不中用 I taught disabled children to sing 我教残疾的孩子唱歌 同根词 disable v make sb unable to do sth 使无能力 使残废 使伤残 He is disabled from voting 他失去了选举资格 enable v make sb able to do sth 使 某人 能够做某事 The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early 新的检测手段应该能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病 搭配 mentally disabled 有智力缺陷 learning disabilities 学习障碍 4 offer v be willing to do something 主动提出 Peter offered to teach them water skiing 彼得主动提出教他们滑水 搭配 offer one s hand 伸出友好的手 offer sb sth 为某人提供某物 They have offered me a large sum of money to go away 他们曾为我提供一大笔搬迁费 辨析 provide offer 的区别 provide 用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西 仅仅是 出于某种责任 强调提供必须用的东西 尤其是生活用品 常用于 provide sb with sth 或 provide sth for sb 的固定搭配中 offer 表示主动提供服务 工作等 常用于 offer sb sth 或 offer sth to sb 固定搭 配中 例如 offer sb 主动提出帮助某人 offer sb a good salary 给某人一个好工资 Somehow she managed to provide her children with food and clothing 她总算设法 使她的孩子有饭吃 有衣穿 He offered me a glass of wine He offered a glass of wine to me 他端给我一杯酒 5 illness n 某种 病 The children there all suffer from serious illness 那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨 同根词 ill adj 有病的 比较级 worse 最高级 worst 辨析 ill sick 的区别 ill 和 sick 都有 生病的 有病的 之意 但用法并不完全相同 ill 表示 生病的 有病的 这一意思时 一般用作表语 不能作定语 而 sick 既可以作表语又可以作定语 如 病人 可以说 a sick man 或 the sick 但不能说 an ill man 或 the ill 例如 She is ill sick in bed 她卧病在床 She is looking after her sick father 她在照顾她生病的父亲 sick 有 恶心的 厌倦的 之意 例如 The smell makes me sick 这气味使我感到恶心 ill 作定语修饰名词时是 坏的 邪恶的 之意 例如 He is an ill man 他是一个邪恶的人 6 organize v 组织 In the end we all decided to organize a concert for Easter 最终 我们一致决定组织 一场复活节音乐会 同根词 organization n 组织 机构 团体 What do you know about our organization 关于我们的组织你知道些什么 7 express v 表达 表露 This helps them express their feelings 这有助于他们表达他们的情感 同根词 expression n 表现 表示 表达 表情 She gave expression to her sadness 她流露出了悲伤之情 8 lonely adj 孤独的 寂寞的 荒凉的 比较级 lonelier 最高级 loneliest It felt like the loneliest place in the world 感觉这就像是天底下最荒凉的地方 辨析 lonely alone 的区别 alone 为形容词 意为 单独的 只作表语 不能作定语 侧重说明独自一 人 没有助手或同伴 没有感情色彩的只表示客观的状态 lonely 意为 孤独的 表示主观上感到孤独 寂寞 有较浓的感情色彩 指因缺少朋友 同情 友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情 它为形容词 在 句中作表语或定语 作定语时 意为 荒凉 偏僻 多修饰表示地点的名词 alone 还可以作副词 alone adv 单独 独自 She went home alone She went home by herself 她独自回家去了 The old man lives in a lonely town he lives alone but he doesn t feel lonely 这位老人住在偏僻的镇上 他独自一人住着 但他并不感到孤独 9 friendship n 友情 友谊 同根词 friend n 朋友 复数 friends I had a long talk about this with my best friend friendly adj 友好的 Robert has a friendly relationship with his customers friendliness n 友善 She also loves the friendliness of the people 她也喜欢人们的友善 10 difficulty n be not able to do something easily 困难 费劲 The country is facing great economic difficulties 该国正面临巨大的经济困难 同根词 difficult adj hard to do 困难的 The child is going through a difficult phase 那孩子正经历困难的阶段 搭配 have difficulty in doing something 做 有困难 I had no difficulty in making myself understood 我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思 in difficulty difficulties 处境困难 The bank is in difficulty difficulties 这家银行处境困难 11 joy n a feeling of great happiness 愉快 喜悦 I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace 我教他们唱歌 因为音乐能带给他们喜悦与宁静 同根词 joyful n 快乐的 高兴的 令人开心的 使人喜悦的 He was excited and joyful at the success 他因成功而激动欣喜 搭配 to one s joy 令人高兴的是 使某人高兴的是 To her joy her son was permitted to a key university 12 peace n 平静 宁静 the Nobel Peace Prize 诺贝尔和平奖 One more question and I ll leave you in peace 再问一个问题 我就不打扰你了 同根词 peaceful adj 和平的 爱好和平的 安静的 平静的 Evening in the country is a very peaceful time 乡村里的今晚是平静安谧的时刻 13 hurt v injure 使疼痛 受伤 Tim hurt his legs in an accident but he has lots of courage 提姆在一次事故中伤了腿 但他很勇敢 同根词 hurt adj 受伤的 痛苦的 受 损坏的 They did not seem to be badly hurt 他们看起来没有受重伤 搭配 hurt oneself 受伤 Have you hurt yourself 你伤着自己了吗 14 courage n 勇气 勇敢 He showed great courage and determination 他表现得十分勇敢和果断 同根词 encourage v 鼓励 鼓舞 支持 促进 鼓动 My English teacher often encourages us to read English aloud 搭配 take one s courage in both hands 鼓起勇气去做 敢作敢为 Taking her courage in both hands she opened the door and walked in 她壮着胆打开门 走了进去 courage in the face of danger 面对危险时的胆量 15 pay v 付款 偿还 We paid 35 for each ticket 我们每张票付了 35 英镑 同根词 pay n 工资 薪水 报答 They complained about their pay and conditions 他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条件 搭配 pay off 偿清 债务 支付 债务 的全部数额 pay for 为 付款 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 去参观 拜 访 辨析 spend take cost 和 pay 的用法区别 take spend cost pay 都可以表示 花费 但用法却不尽相同 spend 的主语必须是人 常用于以下结构 1 spend time money on sth 在 上花费时间 金钱 例如 I spent two hours on this maths problem 这道数学题花了我两个小时 2 spend time money in doing sth 花费时间 金钱 做某事 例如 They spent two years in building this bridge 造这座桥花了他们两年时间 3 spend money for sth 花钱买 例如 His money was spent for books 他的钱用来买书了 cost 的主语是物或某种活动 还可以表示 值 常见用法如下 1 sth costs sb 金钱 某物花了 某人 多少钱 例如 A new computer costs a lot of money 2 doing sth costs sb 时间 某物 做某事 花了 某人 多少时间 例如 Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词 注意注意 cost 的过去式及过去分词都是 cost 并且不能用于被动句 take 后面常跟双宾语 常见用法有以下几种 1 It takes sb 时间 to do sth 做某事花了某人多少时间 例如 It took them three years to build this road 他们用三年时间修完了这条路 2 doing sth takes sb 时间 做某事花了某人多少时间 例如 Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon 他花了一下午修车 pay 的基本用法是 1 pay sb money for sth 付钱 给某人 买 例如 I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month 2 pay for sth 付 的钱 例如 I have to pay for the book lost 我不得不赔丢失的书款 3 pay for sb 替某人付钱 例如 Don t worry I ll pay for you 别担心 我会给你付钱的 4 pay sb 付钱给某人 例如 They pa