2012届高考英语 语法专题复习介词考点汇总

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语语法专题复习介词考点汇总届高考英语语法专题复习介词考点汇总 介词不能单独使用 必须后跟宾语 构成介词短语在句中使用 介词短语由介词 宾语 构成 在句中可作状语 定语和表语等 in on to with by for at from up beyond before among of off against like since besides behind during 等 about be about to 即将做 What How about 怎么样 for 交换 He sold the house for 50 000 yuan 达到某一数值 She wrote a check for 20 赞成 拥护 I m for getting up early and going to bed early 固定搭配 for one thing 首先 for example 例如 for ever 永远 for the time being 暂时 目前 for instance 例如 for free 免费 for the first time 第一次 for sale 出售 待售 watch out for 警惕 long for 渴望 for one s good 为 某人 好 with 和 一起 He is playing table tennis with Tom 用 工具 Don t write with a pencil 随着 The weather changes with seasons 带有 具有 Our company needs people with specialized knowledge 行为方式 Handle with care 原因 She shivered with cold 注意 with 的复合结构 常在句中作状语 表示伴随动作 行为方式及原因 条件或 结果等情况 She often sleeps with the window open adj 她经常开着窗户睡觉 He came in with a book in his hand prep 他手里拿着本书进来了 She felt scared with so many people looking at her doing 这么多人看着她 她感到害怕 With everything bought he left the market done 买完了所需要的东西之后 他离开了市场 With nothing to do he went out for a walk to do 由于没有什么事情可做 他便到外面散步 用心 爱心 专心 2 He left his room with the light on adv 他离开了房间 灯亮着 by 用于被动结构 This book was written by Lu Xun 表地点 靠近 在 的旁边 There is a pumping station by the river 表时间 在 之前 不迟于 You must hand in your homework by tomorrow 表方法 手段 You will make progress only by studying hard 途径 He entered by the back door 表示按某物标准或单位 The company paid me by the hour 根据 按照 Don t judge a person by his appearance 触及 持住某人的身体或衣物 I took the boy by the hand 表增减程度 He missed the target by an inch 固定搭配 little by little 逐渐地 stone by stone 一块石头一块石头地 one by one 一个一个地 by mistake 由疏忽所至 by no means 决不 by accident 偶然 by chance 偶然 碰巧 by oneself 独自 by and by 不久以后 by far 得多 最 to 趋于 倾向 某种情况 性质等 至某种状态 I was moved to tears 到 地点 Last week her aunt came to Shanghai 给 I often write to my uncle 差 时间 It is ten to eleven 比 The score is 2 to 1 伴随 He danced to the music 他随着音乐跳舞 固定搭配 to one s delight to the delight of sb 使某人高兴的是 to one s joy to the joy of sb 使某人高兴的是 to one s sorrow to the sorrow of sb 使某人悲伤的是 to one s astonishment to the astonishment of sb 使某人大吃一惊的是 to one s surprise to the surprise of sb 使某人吃惊的是 off 离 从 离开 It is an island off the coast of France through 通过 从一边进 从另一边出 She pushed her way through the crowd 由于 The war was lost through bad organization 从头至尾 由始至终 I read through the book 各处 We traveled through France 用心 爱心 专心 3 beyond 表示位置在那一边 超出 范围 限度 My home is beyond the bridge This is beyond my comprehension The fruit was beyond my reach against 反对 违背 We are against waste 靠着 倚 I sat against the wall 以 为背景 衬托 The picture looks good against that light wall 防御 We are all taking medicine against the disease 我们大家都在吃药预防那种病 与 相反 逆着 We sailed against the wind at 在 表空间 地点 I don t know the man standing at the gate 在 时刻 表时间 We usually go to work at two in the afternoon 以 速度 价格 They sold their beef at a high price 处于 状态 从事于 The two countries were at war 表示目标 意为 朝 对 We had a heated argument and shouted at each other 与有情感的词语连用 如 angry delighted glad happy sad disappointed shocked excited 等 表示产生这些感情的原因 因为 对于 I was surprised at the news We were in deep sorrow at his death I m glad at hearing your return home from Canada His parents were disappointed at his losing the chance to university 固定搭配 at the latest 最迟 at sea 在海上 在航海 at once 马上 at most 至多 at least 至少 at first 起初 开始的时候 at present 目前 at one time 曾经 at a time 一次 at breakfast 吃早餐时 at the same time 同时 at stake 在胜败关头 冒风险 over 超过 There are over twenty girls in our class 遍于 I have traveled all over Europe 在 上方 与 under 相反 There is a bridge over the river 越过 尤指先往上再往下 He jumped over the wall 在 期间 Will you be at home over Christmas 通过 I don t want to say it over the telephone 用心 爱心 专心 4 在 上面盖着 He put the newspaper over his face in 在 方面 Your success in the examination depends upon your efforts now 用 语言 He wrote a letter in English 表示计算或度量的标准 用 以 The energy is measured in calories 在 之内 表时间或空间 The work was completed in two weeks 过 后 时间 It will be ready in a week 穿 戴 He is in a silk shirt 表状态 He was in poor health The room is in a mess 表示原材料 The letter was written in ink 固定搭配 in public 公开地 in order to 为了 in no time 立刻 in common 共同 共用 in all 总共 in fact 实际上 in the end 最后 终于 in the distance 在远处 in a low voice 低声地 in a word 总之 in other words 换句话说 in modern times 现代 近代 in place 在适当的地方 in general 一般说来 in the past 在过去 in this way 用这种方法 in return 作为回报 in short 简言之 in the open air 在户外 take pride in 以 自豪 take part in 参加 play a part in 在 方面起作用 in the form of 以 形式 in sight 在视力范围之内 看得见 in case 万一 in the name of 以 名义 in detail 详细地 on 在 的表面上 There are two maps on the wall 在 的时候 某日或某日的上午 下午 晚上 表具体或特殊的日子 On the morning of November 12 1939 Dr Bethune breathed his last 有关 论及 I have written an article on the importance of birth control 用心 爱心 专心 5 在 河畔 沿着 London is on the Thames 是 的一员 My classmate is on China Daily 固定搭配 on doing sth 一 就 on leave 休假 on purpose 故意 on holiday 度假 on the whole 总的来说 on fire 着火 on one s own 独自 单独 on strike 罢工 on the left right 在左 右边 on the contrary 相反地 on sale 出售 减价 on average 平均 on the air 无线电 电视 播送 on board 在车 船 飞机上 call on sb 拜访某人 on behalf of 代表 On hearing 一 听到 就 of 和某一动词连用表示 想到 谈到 He began to talk of his hometown 表示所属关系 He is a worker of the Beijing from from among 从 当中 from behind 从 后面 from under 从 下面 at about 在大约 左右 after about 在大约 之后 from across 从 的对岸 from above 从 上方 等 I took a ball from under the table 我从桌底拿出一个球 易错点点拨 1 in 与 within in 后接表示时间长度的名词 可以与将来时或过去时连用 如果它与将来时连用 则常 表示 过一段时间之后 如果与非将来时连用 常表示 在 之内 The train will arrive in fifteen minutes 火车还有十五分钟就到了 within 后接表示时间长度的名词 表示在这一范围之内 不超过 不到 某一段时间 可以同将来时和过去时连用 比 in 更正式 I shall be back within three weeks 我三周之内回来 2 in 和 after in 后接一段时间 after 接某一点的时间 均可用于将来时 in 不可以接表示某一点的 时间名词 而 after 如果在过去时的句子中可以加一段的时间名词 表示从过去某一时间算 起 in 加一段时间指从现在的时间算起 I ll come back in an hour 我要在一小时后回来 in an hour 为一段时间 I ll come back after three o clock 我要在三点钟之后回来 three o clock 为时间点 用心 爱心 专心 6 3 through across 和 over 它们都可用作介词 与动词连用 表示 通过 穿过 但 across 强调在某一物体平面 上运动 与 on 有关 侧重横贯式横向通过 through 强调运动在某一物体的三维空间 内部 进行 与 in 有关 侧重在空间穿过 over 是从某物体上方越过 或在高形物上穿过 当表 示在某一长形物的另一边时用法同 across Then we took off and flew over the mountain 随后我们起飞了 飞过高山 The road runs through the village 这条路穿过这村子 They walked across the square 他们走过广场 4 besides 和 except but besides 除 之外 还有 表示附加意义 except 除了 不包括 常与 表示全肯定或全部否定的词连用 表示整体中除去例外 即整体中不再包括除去部分 but 意义与 except 相同 但语气较 except 弱 使用 except 的限制较少 而使用 but 则有许多 限制 but 只能用在 none all nobody anybody everything everyone 以及 who what where 之后 We all went to the party besides Tom 除了汤姆参加了晚会 我们也去了 We all went to the party except but Tom 除了汤姆没去晚会 我们都去了 Who but except a fool would do such a thing 除了傻瓜 有谁会做这样的事情呢 5 except 和 except for except 是从一组东西中排除其特殊一个或几个 except for 则是以保留的方式对整个 句子内容进行修正 也就是说 如果两部分所用的词或词组所表示的并非同一类事 而它们 之间又是所属关系 句子后半部对前半部所说的基本情况在细节上加以修正 就要用 except for except 只用于句中 句末 不用于句首 Except for 可用于句首 I looked everywhere except in the bathroom 除了浴室之外 我到处都看了 He is a good man except for hot temper 他是个好人 只是脾气暴躁而已 6 It be 形容词 for sb to do sth It be 形容词 of sb to do sth 如果句型中的形容词描述的是 sb 的品质 品格 在逻辑上可以作 sb 的表语 则 sb 前 应用介词 of 否则就用 for It s n