高中英语 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero 学案 新人教版必修1

1 UnitUnit 5 5 NelsonNelson Mandela aMandela a modernmodern herohero 核心单词核心单词 1 quality n U C 质 质量 品质 特性 既可用于描述物品 也用于描述人物 C 性质 特性 特点 Modesty is one of his good qualities 谦虚是他的美德之一 One quality of wood is that it can burn 木料的一个特点是能燃烧 常用结构 high quality 优质 poor quality 劣质 average quality 一般的品质 Wine of high quality costs more than that of poor quality 优质的葡萄酒比劣质的葡萄酒价格要高 易混辨析易混辨析 quality quantity quality 质 质量 quantity 数量 大量 For study quality often matters more than quantity 就学习而言 质量往往比数量更重要 Quantities of food were on the table 桌上摆了大量食物 There is a small quantity of water left in the bottle 瓶子里还剩下少量的水 高手过招高手过招 完成句子 原创 他仔细检查家具的品质 He examined carefully 他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质 He has of a successful businessman the quality of the furniture all the qualities 2 devote vt 献身 专心于 常用结构 devote oneself one s energy one s time to doing sth 奉献 精力 时间于某事 sb be devoted to doing sth 某人献身做某事 He devoted all his life to China s aviation 他的一生都奉献给了中国的航空事业 He s devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals 他终生献身 于保护珍稀动物 He is devoted to helping the poor 他致力于帮助穷困的 2 联想拓展联想拓展 类似于 devote to 的结构中 to 为介词的词组还有 object to 反对 attend to 办理 照顾 注意听 look forward to 期待 盼望 be opposed to 反对 devote to 贡献给 stick to 坚持 lead to 导致 pay attention to 注意到 be related to 与 有关 see to 务必做到 负责 refer to 提到 指的是 turn to 翻到 求助于 高手过招高手过招 单项填空 The idea for the new machine came to Mr Baker to his invention 2010 陕西师大附中月考 A while he was devoted B while devoting C while devoting himself D while devoted 解析 选 A 考查 be devoted to 这一结构 注意不要误选 D 项 因为主句的主语 the idea 与从句的主语 Mr Baker he 不一致 因此从句中的主语和谓语动词 he was 不能省略 3 equal adj 相同的 平等的 vt 等于 比得上 n 同等 相等的人或物 He asked us to cut the apple into three equal pieces 他让我们把苹果切成三等份 None of us can equal her in intelligence 我们中没人能在智力方面比得上她 常用结构 be equal to sth doing sth 胜任某事 做某事 A equals BA 等于 B without equal have no equal 无与伦比 无比 Are you equal to doing the task 你能胜任这项工作吗 Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China 在中国 姚明是个无与伦比的篮球运动员 高手过招高手过招 单项填空 He doubted whether she would be to the task 原创 2 equal B similar C familiar D content 解析 选 A be equal to sth 胜任 符合句意 content 意为 满意的 满足的 不符 句意 其他选项也均与句意不符 4 reward n 报答 酬金 为某些特殊服务提供或给予的金钱 vt 酬谢 奖赏 报应 惩罚 坏人或坏事 常用结构 as a reward for 作为 对某事的 报酬 或奖赏 give offer a reward to sb for sth 为某事而给某人报酬 3 in reward for 为酬答 作为奖励 reward sb with for sth 为某事 而以 报答 易混辨析易混辨析 reward award prize reward 表示 奖赏 酬谢 动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语 名词表示某人因做了某事 而应得到某东西 award 作名词指正式或官方 给予 颁发 授予 奖章 奖金等 也可以指法庭裁决 作动词时可以跟两个宾语 award sb sth 把某物授予 判给某人 prize 只能作名词 表示 奖赏 奖金 奖品 尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉 It s a reward for virtue 那是对美德的回报 It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work 他工作很辛苦 报酬却很少 这不公平 How can I reward your kindness 我如何酬谢你的好意呢 Jim rewarded the boy a pound for bringing back the lost dog 男孩把吉姆丢失的狗带了回来 为此吉姆奖赏给他一英镑 高手过招高手过招 单项填空 Martin Luther King a great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination was the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace 2010 11 河南洛阳月考 A rewarded B given C awarded D offered They the winners with gifts of fruit and flowers 原 创 A rewarded B awarded C charged D paid The girl got nothing in for her kindness which made her very sad A prize B award C medals D reward 解析 选 C 句意为 反对种族歧视运动的杰出黑人领袖马丁 路德 金 因其对世界 和平的突出贡献而被授予诺贝尔和平奖 award 指正式或官方的 授予 颁发 解析 选 A 考查固定搭配 句意为 他们送给获胜者水果和鲜花作为奖赏 reward sb with 用 酬劳某人 解析 选 D 由句意可知 应该是对做好事的报答 in reward for 为 而报答 重点短语重点短语 5 out of work 失业 Jim has been out of work for several months 吉姆已经失业几个月了 Mary s cell phone has been out of work for several days which brought her a lot of inconvenience 玛丽的手机坏了好几天了 这给她带来了很多不便 联想拓展联想拓展 in work 有工作 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of patience 不耐烦 4 out of use 没用了 out of date 过时 out of order 次序颠倒 出故障 out of control 失控 out of danger 脱离危险 out of shape 变形 Out of sight out of mind 眼不见 心不烦 高手过招高手过招 用适当的介词 短语 填空 原创 Although my computer is date now it s still use After the fourth operation the patient has been danger out of in out of 6 as a matter of fact 事实上 It was cold As a matter of fact it was freezing 天很冷 事实上 冷得要命 联想拓展联想拓展 as a matter of fact in fact in actual fact actually in reality to tell the truth 实际上 事实 to make matters worse 让事情更糟糕的是 it doesn t matter 没有关系 高手过招高手过招 单项填空 It rained that day our car broke down on the way 2010 江苏泰 州一轮检测 A In fact B Actually C To make matters worse D To tell the truth 解析 选 C to make matters worse 让事情更糟糕的是 根据句 意可知 C 项符合 7 blow up vi 爆炸 突然严峻 大发雷霆 vt 炸毁 给 充气 放大 照片 My father blew up when I didn t come home last night 我昨晚没回家 父亲大发雷霆 Stop at the gas station and we ll blow up the tyres 在加油站停一下 我们要给轮胎打气 联想拓展联想拓展 blow away 刮走 吹走 blow down 风 刮倒 blow off 吹掉 将 热水 蒸汽等 放出 blow out 吹熄 电线 烧断 blow over 暴风雨等 吹散 刮倒 坏天气 大风平息 高手过招高手过招 单项填空 5 A short circuit will the fuse 保险丝 原创 A blow up B blow off C blow out D blow over 解析 选 C 句意为 短路会烧断保险丝 根据句意可知 答案选 C 8 in trouble 在危险 受罚 痛苦 忧虑等的处境中 Please telephone us when you are in trouble 遇到困难时就给我们打电话 联想拓展联想拓展 have trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难 其中的介词 in 在口语中通常可省略 take the trouble to do sth 在这一结构中 其中的冠词用不用均可 但含义稍有不 同 用冠词 表示不怕费事或不怕麻烦而去做某事 不用冠词 表示尽心尽力或费尽心血 而去做某事 go to the trouble to do of doing sth 不辞辛劳做某事 费心做某事 give sb trouble put sb to trouble 麻烦某人 打扰某人 have trouble with 有 病痛 同 闹纠纷 We had no trouble in finding his office 我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室 He took the trouble to show me the way to the station 他不嫌麻烦地为我去火车站而指路 He went to the trouble of finding out when our train was leaving 他费心为我们打听到了我们乘坐的火车的开车时间 I don t like giving trouble to people I don t know 我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦 The man often has trouble with his wife 这个男人经常与他的妻子闹矛盾 高手过招高手过招 单项填空 Even an experienced climber can to reach the summit 2010 河南郑州一轮检测 A get into trouble B make trouble C ask for trouble D take trouble over 解析 选 A 句意为 即使是一个很有经验的登山者 想要到达顶峰也有可能遇到困难 句中的 can 表示 有可能 get into trouble 陷入困境 因做某事而招致惩罚 危险等 ask for trouble 自找麻烦 自讨苦吃 make trouble 引起麻烦 take trouble over sth 在某事上费心思 根据句意选 A 9 turn to 求助于 依赖 翻到 询问 We have to turn to some bigger companies for technical help 我们不得不向一些更大的公司寻求技术援助 联想拓展联想拓展 turn against 背叛 turn down 音量 关小 拒绝 6 turn in 上交 turn into 使 成为 turn off 关掉 水源 煤气 电灯等 避开 问题等 turn on 打开 水 煤气 电灯 无线电等 turn over 使 打翻 翻身 翻动 翻耕 土地 转危为安 turn up 开大 出现 找到 by turns 轮流 交替 in turn 依次 轮流 turn out 证明是 结果是 Nobody will turn against his country 没有人会背叛自己的国家 Please turn down the television 请把电视机的音量调小点儿 He turned down my suggestion without hesitation 他毫不犹豫地拒绝了我的建议 The child picked up a purse and turned it in to the policeman 那个孩子捡到了一个钱包 然后把它交给了警察 The farmers are turning waste land into rice fields 农民们正把荒地变成肥沃的田地 Don t forget to turn all the lights off before you go to bed 在你上床之前 不要忘记把所有的灯都关上 The man turned over and went to sleep again when the telephone rang 当电话铃响的时候 那个人翻了个身 又睡着了 高手过招高手过招 1 单项填空 In the new city there wasn t a single person the poor boy could turn for help 2010 辽宁本溪月考 A that B who C from whom D to whom We had a good many anxious moments but everything all right in the end 2010 江苏南京一轮 A turned down B turned on C turned out D turned to 1 解析 选 D turn to sb for help 为固定搭配 意思是 求助于 某人 解析 选 C turn out 在句中的意思是 变得 证明是 结果是 为连系动词 turn down 调低 拒绝 turn on 打开 turn to 参考 转向 求助于 2 用与 turn 搭配的适当介词填空 原创 The key you lost has turned Nothing could make the brave man turn his motherland Don t rush Please wait in line and get on the bus turn He asked his teacher to give him the chance one more time but his teacher turned him Be sure to turn the lights when you leave the classroom 2 up against in down off 7 10 lose heart 丧失勇气或信心 He failed many times but he didn t lose heart 他失败了许多次 但他并没有失去信心 No matter what you do never lose heart 不管你做什么 千万不要失去信心 lose one s job 失业 lose one s balance 失去平衡 lose one s breath 上气不接下气 lose one s heart to sb sth 爱上 lose one s life 丧生 遇害 lose face 丢脸 受屈辱 lose hope 失去希望 高手过招高手过招 翻译句子 不要失去信心 一切都会好起来的 她喜欢上了一位年轻士兵 Don t lose heart all will turn out well She lost her heart to a young soldier 重点句型重点句型 11 only then did we decide to answer violence with violence 只有到这个 时候 我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力 only 修饰的时间 条件 方式状语等放在句首时 主句要用部分倒装 Only then did she realize she had made mistakes 直到那时她才意识到她所犯的错误 Only when he came back did I go to bed 当他回来的时候 我才上床睡觉 温馨提示温馨提示 only 放在句首修饰状语时 主句部分要倒装 修饰主语 宾语时 则不倒装 Only you understand me 只有你了解我 高手过招高手过招 单项填空 I failed in the final examination last term and only then the importance of studies 2010 山东青岛二中月考 A I realized B I had realized C had I realized D did I realize 解析 选 D only then 位于句首时句子用倒装结构 realize 的动作在 fail 之后发生 故选过去时 12 He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep 他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习 8 should have done 本应该做某事 但实际上并没有做 对过去已发生的事情的推测 ought to should 但在语气上比 should 要强 温馨提示温馨提示 情态动词 have done 的用法小结 must have done 表示对过去情况的推测 只用于肯定句中 意为 一定 其否定的 意义用 can t have done 表示 can could have done 对过去已发生的情况的推测 用于疑问句或否定句中 could have done 本来有能力做而实际上没有做 needn t have done 本来不必做的事 实际上却做了 might have done 本来可以做而实际上未做 may might have done 表示对过去的推测 多用在陈述句 意为 也许 可能 用 might 比用 may 语气更加委婉 would have done 用于虚拟条件句中 表示与过去事实相反 He ought not to have taken the old clothes away 他不该把旧衣服带走 事实上已带走 The street is wet It must have rained last night 路面是湿的 昨天晚上肯定下雨了 If I could have stopped there wouldn t have been an accident 如果我能够停下来 事故就不会发生了 I needn t have gone to the office yesterday 昨天我没必要去办公室 Please don t do that You might both have been caught and killed 请不要那样做 你们俩很有可能被抓住然后被杀掉 易混辨析易混辨析 should ought to 两者均有 应该 之意 should 多表示说话人主观建议 ought to 多表示道义和责任 Doctors and nurses should take good care of patients 医生和护士应该仔细照顾