虚拟语气分类

精选文库按考点分类练习 i. 虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 主/从句时间条件从句主句过去had+过去分词would (should/could/might) have + 过去分词现在过去式(be用were)would (should/could/might)+动词原形将来过去式/should/were to+动词原形would (should/could/might)+动词原形1. 虚拟语气用于if条件句中，主从句的谓语动词的相应形式参见上表。2. 虚拟语气用于错综时间条件句中，主从句动作发生的时间不一致，这时主从句动词的形式应根据句意或时间来调整，选用适当的虚拟形式。3. 如果条件句中包含有一个助动词、情态动词、动词be或have，有时可以把if省略掉，但这时要把助动词、情态动词、动词be或have放在主语前。4. 表示“若不是”之意时，可以用如下两种句型： If it werent for.but for意为“若不是（对现在情况的假设）”。 If it hadnt been for.but for意为“当时若不是（对过去情况的假设）”。5. 在含蓄条件句中，可以用有些介词(with, without, but for)，连词(or, otherwise, but, however)、不定式短语、名词短语或陈述句表示虚拟的条件。专项练习1.Mr. Browna house if he had enough money.A. will buyB. would buyC. boughtD. has bought2.But for John, wethe match last week.A. would have lost B. would loseC. had lostD. lost3.If the child hadnt been so tired, he asleep so quickly.A. will not have fallenB. will not fallC. would not have fallenD. had not fallen4.The Smiths a lovely garden if they did some work in it.A. will haveB. would haveC. haveD. have had5.If you learned to swim, you safer in the water.A. will feelB. feltC. would feelD. feel6.Ita good match if it . A. would have been. hadnt rainedB. will be. . hadnt rainedC. would have been. shouldnt rainD. will have been. didnt rain7.If Motheryou were coming, shed have baked some cakes.A. has knownB. will knowC. had knownD. would know8.Petera rich man today if he more careful in the past.A. is. had beenB. was. . wereC. will be. should beD. would be. had been9.If I were to do this work, I it in my own way.A. would doB. doC. will doD. did10.If the plane crashed, we .A. would all killB. will all be killedC. would all have been killedD. would all be killed11. more carefully, she wouldnt have made so many mistakes.A. If she listened B. If she listensC. If she has listenedD. Had she listened12.If he had taken my advice, he a scientist now.A. will beB. isC. has beenD. would be13. , we would have visited the museum then.A. If it does not rainB. Should it not rainC. Had it not rainedD. If it has not rained14.Should it stop raining, Ifor a walk.A. had goneB. wentC. would have goneD. would go15. he try again, he might be successful.A. CouldB. MightC. MustD. Should16.If the teacher hadnt explained it to me, I the problem so well.A. would never be understoodB. had never understoodC. would never have understoodD. will never have understood17.Why didnt you buy that dictionary?Iif I had had enough money.A. wouldB. would haveC. have boughtD. had bought18.If Jane hadnt missed the early train, she on time, but she was late.A. will arriveB. would arriveC. would have arrived D. had arrived19. , he would be surprised.A. Were Tom to see youB. Were Tom see youC. If Tom is to see youD. If Tom has seen you20.But for your help, I the place.A. cant findB. cant have found C. couldnt have found D. havent found21. I known he needed money so badly, I might have managed to help him.A. UnlessB. WhenC. IfD. Had22. , I wouldnt do that.A. If I am in your placeB. Were I in your placeC. If I have been in your placeD. If I am to be in your place23. , I should paint the room white.A. If I have been youB. If I would be youC. If I will be youD. If I were you24.If you were offered a trip to the moon, you it?A. will. acceptB. are. going to acceptC. do. acceptD. would. accept25. Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?I, but I had an unexpected visitor.A. hadB. would haveC. was going toD. B or CKeys: 1-5 BACBC 6-10 AC DAD 11-15 DDCDD 16-20 CBCAC 21-25 DBDDDii. 在宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法1. 在表示一“坚持”(insist)，二“命令”(order，command)，三“建议”(suggest，propose，advise)，四“要求” (ask，require，request，demand)等动词的宾语从句中表示虚拟，其从句谓语用“(should)十动词原形”。2. 注意：1) 在这些从句中，通常不省略that。 2) suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，insist作“坚持认为”讲时，后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。专项练习1.My uncle suggested that I a job in a bank.A. gotB. wouldC. should getD. must get2.They insisted that a meeting as soon as possible.A. be heldB. was heldC. must be heldD. hold3.She ran as if she wings on her feet.A. hadB. hasC. has hadD. is having4.Id rather you that.A. dontB. wont doC. hadnt doneD. havent done5.I wish the train so late; then I could have got home before breakfast.A. hadnt arrived B. didnt arriveC. wouldnt arrivedD. mustnt arriveKeys: 1-5 CAACAiii. 虚拟语气用于同位语从句和表语从句中1. 在表示建议、要求、命令、遗憾、主张、怀疑、惊奇等词的同位语从句中和表语从句中，从句谓语用“should+动词原形”。2. 常见的这类名词有suggestion，order，advice，idea，plan，pity，proposal等。3. 常见的这类形容词有necessary，essential，strange，natural，urgent，funny，important等。4. 动词的过去分词充当的形容词有suggested，requested，ordered，proposed，decided，recommended等。5. 在It(high) time that.句式中，用过去式或should do表示；should不能省略。专项练习1.It is essential that every child the same educational opportunities.A. hasB. could haveC. haveD. had2.The workers are working hard to meet the request that the railway to traffic on May 1.A. is openB. will be openC. be openD. must open3.Its necessary that a student English well.A. learnsB. learnC. must learnD. learned4.The teacher made a suggestion that students more opportunities to practise oral English.A. were givenB. had been given C. should giveD. be given5.Its necessary that the students take notes in class.A. shouldB. mustC. wouldD. are to6.We are all for Marys suggestion that the discussion .A. is put offB. puts offC. to be put offD. be put off7.It is the teachers suggestion that every student an English dictionary.A. hasB. haveC. hadD. having8.He gave orders that the prisoners free.A. are setB. were setC. setD. be set9.I think its high time you action.A. takeB. tookC. are takingD. will take10. It is time .A. we go to bed B. he goes to bed C. we went to bedD. he go to bedKeys: 1-5 C C B D A 6-10 D B D B Civ. wish从句中的虚拟语气1. wish thathad done表过去。2. wish thatdid/ were表现在。3. wish thatwere doing表现在正在进行。4. wish thatwere to/ should/ could/ might/ would +do表将来。专项练习1.I wish sheto see my parents more often.A. has comeB. is comingC. will comeD. would come2.She often wishes that she a horse.A. can rodeB. can rideC. could rodeD. could ride3.How I wish Ia university student and at university now!A. am; studyB. were; were studyingC. was; studyD. were; studied4.I wish the trainalready; then I could have got home before breakfast.A. had arrivedB. arrivesC. would arriveD. arrived5.Is your father a model worker?No, but how he wishes he .A. amB. had beenC. wereD. was6.I wish Ito repair the bike, for I only made it worse.A. had triedB. hadnt triedC. triedD. didnt try7.His hair is very long. His parents wish he it cut.A. will haveB. hasC. hadD. would have8.It is too noisy. I wish you down the radio at once.A. willB. would turnC. are to turnD. can turn9.I wish Ithe meeting last week.A. could attend B. attendedC. have attendedD. had attended10. Have you been to Beijing?No, but I wish.A. haveB. willC. doD. hadKeys: 1-5 DDBAC 6-10 BCBDDv. If only！和as if/ as though引出的从句中虚拟语气的用法1. If onlyhad done表过去。2. If onlydid/ were表现在。3. If onlywere/was +doing表现在进行。4. If onlywere to/could/would/ might /should+动词原型，表将来5. as ifhad done表过去。6. as ifdid/ were表现在。7. as ifwere doing表现在进行。8. as if引导的从句有时用陈述语气，表示有根据的推测。9. were to/could/ would/ might/ should+动词原形，表将来。专项练习1.If only Ispeak French now!A. couldB. canC. mayD. might2.If only hethe doctors advice!A. followedB. had followedC. followsD. follow3.If only itnow.A. is snowingB. snowsC. snowedD. were snowing4.He looked as if hehimself for years.A. hasnt washed B. doesnt washC. wouldnt washD. hadnt washed5.John talked as if heall the work himself, but in fact Harry and Lily did most of it.A. didB. had doneC. has doneD. doKeys: 1-5 ABDDBvi. 在would rather/ prefer/ sooner和but that后引出从句时虚拟语气的用法1. would rather/ prefer/ soonerwere/ did表将来。2. would rather/ prefer/ sooner had done表过去。3. but that表达“若不是”之意引出从句时，主句要用虚拟语气：would have done表过去；would do表现在或将来；would be doing表现在进行。4. 在lest，for fear that，in case引出的从句中，用“(should)+动词原形”，表达“为了不，以免”之意时，从句用“should+动词原型”的虚拟语气，should可以省略。5. 表达祝愿的句型有： 1)省略主语，动词用原形 2) May+主语+动词原形6. otherwise或or（否则，不然）后引导的从句中常用虚拟语气。专项练习1.Id rather youthat.A. dontB. wont doC. hadnt doneD. havent done2.Id rather my sonto university right now.A. goB. wentC. will goD. goes3.Iyou much money, but that I you lacked money then.A. could lend. didnt knowB