【顶尖学案】2012届高考英语 Unit 4 Earthquakes 新人教版必修1

用心 爱心 专心1 20122012 届高考英语顶尖学案 新课标人教版届高考英语顶尖学案 新课标人教版 UnitUnit 4 4 EarthquakesEarthquakes 地震地震 核心词汇核心词汇 1 The firemen 营救 three women from the burning house 2 He couldn t help 爆发 into tears when he saw his mother again 3 Unluckily the house that we talked about is in 废墟 4 The soldiers 使陷入困境 their enemies and forced them to give in 5 I find it hard to 判断 how the election will go 6 On arriving there we expressed our 祝贺 to him on his success 7 We were 震惊 at their terrible working conditions 8 The umbrella is a poor 避身处 from heavy rain 9 Thousands of people died in the earthquake and many children became homeless because of the natural 灾难 10 On seeing the scene the little girl was so that she burst out crying frighten 11 Mr Wang couldn t himself clearly when he heard the news but I could tell from his that he was very upset express 12 from what he said just now he must be an honest man On the contrary he often tells a lie so we should not a man by his appearance judge 1 rescued 2 bursting 3 ruins 4 trapped 5 judge 6 congratulations 7 shocked 8 shelter 9 disaster 10 frightening frightened 11 express expression 12 Judging judge 高频短语高频短语 1 立刻 马上 2 好像 仿佛 3 结束 终结 4 严重受损 破败不堪 5 掘出 发现 6 许多 大量的 7 刮走 8 代替 而不是 9 陷入 10 埋头于 1 right away 2 as if 3 at an end 4 in ruins 5 dig out 6 a great number of 7 blow away 8 instead of 9 be trapped in 10 be buried in 重点句式重点句式 1 the world was at an end 仿佛到了世界末日 2 Thousands of families were killed and many children 成千上万的家庭被毁 许多孩子成了孤儿 3 people who were killed or injured reached more than 400 000 用心 爱心 专心2 死伤人数达到 40 多万 4 they looked nearly everything was destroyed 人们无论朝哪里看 哪里的一切都几乎被毁了 5 hope was lost 不是所有的希望都破灭了 6 The army organized teams to were trapped and to bury 解放军组成小分队 将受困的人们挖出来 并将死者掩埋 知识详解知识详解 1 It seemed as if 2 were left without parents 3 The number of 4 Everywhere 5 All not 6 dig out those who the dead 1 burst vt vi 使 爆裂 使 裂开 使 炸开 突然出现 爆发 n 突然破裂 爆发 回归课本 P26 In the city the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst 在市内 有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来 12 归纳拓展 例句探源 牛津 P261 He felt he would burst with anger and shame 他恼羞成怒 都要气炸了 牛津 P261 Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them 消防队员撞开门 把他们救了出来 Scarcely had she heard the news about the death of Michael Jackson when she burst out crying burst into tears 她一听到迈克尔 杰克逊死亡的消息 就失声痛哭起来 即境活用 1 完成句子 1 他没敲门就闯进房间 He without knocking at the door 答案 burst into the room 2 我走了进去 所有的人都突然放声大笑起来 I walked in and everyone 答案 burst out laughing 2 injure vt 损害 伤害 回归课本 P26 Two thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake 他们中有 2 3 在地震中伤亡 归纳拓展 例句探源 朗文 P1065 Two men were severely injured trying to save a 5 year old girl from a pit bull 两名男子奋力从比特犬嘴下救出一名五岁小女孩时身受重伤 Your words may injure her pride 你的话也许会伤她的自尊 The injured were sent to hospital right away 伤员被立即送往医院 用心 爱心 专心3 易混辨析 wound injure hurt harm 1 wound 一般指外伤 如枪伤 刀伤 尤指战争 战斗中受伤 2 injure 一般指由于意外或事故造成的损伤 其宾语常为健康 成就 容貌等 强调功 能的损失 3 hurt 可以指肉体上的伤害 也可以指精神上的伤害 特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害 作不及物动词时 是 痛 的意思 4 harm 用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可 有时可指引起不安或不便 About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack One of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off What really hurt me was that he never answered my letters Don t harm your eyes by reading in dim light 高效记忆 即境活用 2 Unfortunately at least 20 miners were killed 22 and 13 in the coal mine gas explosion A injuring trapping B injured trapped C injured trapping D injuring trapped 解析 选 B 考查省略和被动语态 miners 与 injure 和 trap 之间都是被动关系 所以句 子要用被动语态 该句是一个省略句 补充完整为 Unfortunately at least 22 miners were injured and 13 miners were trapped in the 句意 不幸的是 在这 起煤矿瓦斯爆炸中 至少有 20 人死亡 22 人受伤 13 人被困 3 ruin n U 毁坏 毁灭 崩溃 n C pl 废墟 遗迹 v 使 破产 使 堕落 毁灭 回归课本 P26 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins 在可怕的 15 秒内 一座大城市就成为一片废墟 归纳拓展 例句探源 牛津 P1747 That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job 正是这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会 牛津 P1747 Years of fighting have left the area in ruins 经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍 The war brought the country to ruin 战争毁灭了这个国家 即境活用 3 It rained for two weeks on end completely our holiday A ruined B to ruin C ruining D was ruined 解析 选 C 句意 大雨连续不停地下了两周 完全毁了我们的假期 ruining 为现在分词 作状 语 表结果 4 is no wonder that the building is now it was so big a fire 用心 爱心 专心4 last night A It in ruins B That in ruins C There in ruins D It in ruin 解析 选 A It is no wonder that 是固定句 式 表示 难怪 be lay in ruins 是固定短 语 意为 成为废墟 4 bury vt 埋葬 掩埋 隐藏 使沉浸 使专心 插入 刺入 回归课本 P26 The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead 救援部队组成小分队 将受困的人们挖出来 并将死者掩埋 归纳拓展 例句探源 牛津 P262 Their ambitions were finally dead and buried 他们的雄心壮志最终被埋葬了 牛津 P262 He buried his face in his hands and wept 他双手掩面而泣 牛津 P262 Since she left he s buried himself in his work 自从她走后 他全心扑在工作上 She had learnt to bury her feelings 她已经学会了感情不外露 即境活用 5 他埋头学习 不知道其他人都早已离开了 he didn t know that all the others had left 答案 Buried Absorbed in his study 5 judge v 断定 判断 判决 n 裁判员 法官 评判员 回归课本 P30 Your speech was heard by a group of five judges all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year 五个裁判听了你的演讲 他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲 归纳拓展 例句探源 牛津 P1098 Don t judge a book by its cover 勿以貌取人 牛津 P1098 Judging by her last letter they are having a wonderful time 从她上封信看 他们过得非常愉快 牛津 P1098 As far as I can judge all of them are to blame 依我看 他们都应承担责任 温馨提示 judging from by 表示 从 上看 根据 来判断 用在句首时 为 一个独立成分 不受句子主语和时态影响 只用现在分词作状语 而不采用过去分词的形 式 即境活用 6 I haven t read all of his books before but from the one I have read I think he s a very promising writer 用心 爱心 专心5 A judged B judging C determining D determined 解析 选 B judging from 是固定短语 常在句中作状语 不管它与主语是主动还是被 动关系 都要用 judging from 形式 7 I shall make my own on this matter when I see the result A justice B judgement C intention D conclusion 解析 选 B 作出判断 用 make one s judgement justice 公正 公平 intention 打 算 意图 conclusion 结论 常和动词 draw reach arrive at come to 等搭配 6 at an end 结束 终结 回归课本 P26 It seemed as if the world was at an end 仿佛到了世界末日 归纳拓展 例句探源 The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room 我到达会议室时 会议快要结束了 By the end of last year he had learned two thousand English words 到去年年底为止 他已学了 2000 个英语单词 They decided to put an end to the quarrel 他们决定结束争吵 Being out of work and having two young children they found it impossible to make ends meet 他们失业了 还要养活两个小孩 他们发现无法维持起码的生活 即境活用 8 I m sorry to say that our food is almost We can t survive if there is no one to help us A by the end B at the end C in the end D at an end 解析 选 D 考查介词短语辨析 by the end 到 为止 at the end 在 尽头 in the end 最后 终于 at an end 结束 终结 句意 我很遗憾地说我们的食物快没了 如 果没人来帮助我们 我们就无法生存了 7 a number of 许多 大量的 回归课本 P27 Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping 那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉 归纳拓展 例句探源 牛津 P1367 A large number of people have applied for the job 许多人申请了这 份工作 Helen has a great many friends indeed but she does not think she has any she can believe in 海伦固然有许多朋友 可是她认为没有一个是可以信任的 The poor girl from a small village was deeply impressed by the large quantities of food in the big city 大城市里大量丰富的食品给这个来自小山村的穷苦的女孩留下了深刻的印象 用心 爱心 专心6 易混辨析 the number of a number of 1 a number of 许多 大量的 后接可数名词 在句中作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 2 the number of 的数目 后接可数名词 在句中作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 The number of homeless people has increased dramatically A number of students want to go to college when they finish middle school 即境活用 9 As you can see the number of cars on our roads rising these days A was keeping B keep C keeps D were keeping 解析 选 C 句意 正如你所见 目前道路上汽车的数量在不断增加 the number of 作主 语时 谓语动词用单数 可排除 B D 再根据时间状语 these days 可知描述的是现在的 情况 所以选 C 句型梳理句型梳理 1 教材原句 It seemed as if the world was at an end P26 仿佛到了世界末日 句法分析 as if as though 仿佛 好像 可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句 如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时 句子要用陈述语气 当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时 从句用虚拟语气 He kept working as if nothing had happened 他继续工作 仿佛什么都没有发生似的 When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water it looks as if it were broken 当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时 它看上去好像断了 It looks as if it is going to rain 看起来似乎要下雨 温馨提示 如果 as if 引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同 且含有 be 动词 可省 略主语和 be 动词 这样 as if 后就只剩下名词 不定式 形容词 短语 介词短语或分词 She walked here and there on the playground as if she was looking for something 她在操场上来回走 好像在找什么东西 The old man was lying on the ground as if he was hurt badly 老人躺在地上 好 像伤得很厉害 He opened his mouth as if to say something 他张开嘴好像要说什么 即境活用 10 Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it yesterday A was happening B happens C has happened D happened 解析 选 D 考查虚拟语气 由 as if 引导的从句通常用虚拟语气 再结合前面的 remembers 可知与现在事实相反 因此用一般过去时 故选 D 项 用心 爱心 专心7 2 教材原句 All hope was not lost P26 不是所有的希望都破灭了 句法分析 1 本句是部分否定句 当否定句中有不定代词 all both each 和含有 every 的合成词时 表部分否定 All my friends do not study well Not all my friends study well 我的朋友并不 个个都学习好 Everything is not right 并非什么都好 温馨提示 凡是具有总括意义的代词 each everybody everything 等 形容词 complete whole 等 和副词 completely always altogether 等 与否定词 not 连用 构成部分否定 表示 不都 并非都 的意思 而 no none never nobody neither nothing no more no longer 等表示否定意