Module3《MyFirstRideonaTrain》culturalcornerandtask教案2（外研版必修1）

外研版外研版 必修一必修一 Unit 3 My First Ride on a Train 单元教案单元教案 I Word Study 1 activity something that is done or is being done esp for interest or education 活动 e g Sailing is an activity I much enjoy 帆船运动是我非常喜欢的活动 His activities include tennis and paintings 他的活动包括打网球和绘画 联想 联想 active action inactive act He takes an active part in local politics 他积极参加当地的政治活动 You must judge a person by his action not by what he says 判断一个人要看他的所作所为 而不 是他所说的 Although she is over 70 she is still active 她年纪已 70 多 却很活跃 常见搭配 常见搭配 be active in play an active part in e g He always takes an active part in such kind of activities as sports and arts in the school 他总是热衷于参加学校里的文体活动 Recently a guy called Blue Moonlight appears very active in this chat room 最近在这个聊天室里有一个叫 蓝色月光 的人显得特别活跃 Around the world there are more than six hundred active volcanoes 在全世界有大约 600 多个活火山 构词解析 act n provide sb with sth 供给或供应某人所需或可 用得物品 n supplying or being supplied 供给 供应 He kept me well supplied with cups of coffee while I wrote the report 我写报告时 他一直不 停地给我续咖啡 Will the new power station be able to supply our cheap energy requirements 新建的发电站能 满足我们对廉价能源的需求吗 常见搭配 常见搭配 supply with 向 供应 supply a need demand 满足需要 supply and demand 供求 in short supply 供应不足 supply a want 弥补不足 water supply 供水 commodity supply 货源 the supply is inadequate to meet the demand 供不应求 联想 accommodate provide give serve demand 词语辨析 supply equip furnish supply 可用于指在任何环境下 供给 任何东西 如 The trees supply shade in summer 夏天树木供给阴凉 equip 常表示 装备 工作所需要的东西 如 to equip the laboratory 装备实验室 furnish 装备 表示 用家具 布置 房间 如 a furnished house 备有家具的房间 典型考题 Now all dishing boats are radio A quipped B afforded C furnished D supplied 解析 答案 A equip 指为某种目的提供必要的装备和条件 尤指技术和军事上的装备 afford 负担的起 抽得出 时间 提供 给予 furnish 提供 精神 物质或生活上必需品学 兼优 supply 提供 所需要或缺乏的日用品等 3 drive v be able to operate a vehicle and direct its course 能驾驶 车 开车 cause animals and people to move in some direction by shouts blows threats 驱赶 动物或人 Can you drive a car 你会开车吗 Some cattle being driven by a man on a horse 骑马人驱赶着的一群牛羊 I was driven out of the club 我被驱逐出乐部 Hunger drove her to steal 饥饿逼得她行窃 drive licence 英 驾驶执照 drive sb mad 使某人发狂 drive with caution Practice Join the following groups of key words into complete sentences 1 to succeed drive pride 2 he lack drive is clever he will not but succeed because 3 be capable of a man by jealousy is driven Key for reference 1 Pride drove her to succeed 2 He s clever but he won t succeed because he lacks drive 3 A man driven by jealousy is capable of anything 4 allow permit sb to do sth 允许 许可 准许 某人 做某事 e g My boss doesn t allow me to use the telephone 老板不准我使用电话 Passengers are not allowed to smoke 乘客不许吸烟 Photography is not allowed in this theatre 本剧院内不准摄影 Allow for 估计到 考虑到 allow of 容许 许可 联想 admit permit forbid permit 和 allow 在许多情况下可以通用 但它较 allow 正式 含有 积极地 从正面地允许 得意义 allow 指 并不反对 或 不加阻止 偏重 默许 或 听任 含义较消极 典型考题 1 It would be wise to add another ten pounds to the total to price increase A allow for B account for C apply for D arrange for 考题分析 答案 A allow for 考虑到 account for 说明 原因 apply for 申请 arrange for 安排 典型考题 2 The teacher doesn t permit in class A smoke B to smoke C smoking D to have a smoke 考题分析 答案 Permit 是及物动词 它有两种搭配 1 permit sb to do sth 表示 允许 某人干某事 2 permit doing sth 表示 允许某事存在或发生 另外动词 allow 允许 准许 和 Permit 用法相同 Practice Join the following groups of key words into complete sentences 1 allow we don t smoking in our class 2 permit it not is to bring dogs park into the 3 the station allow for it will traffic delays to half an hour you take will Key for reference 1 we don t allow smoking in our class 2 It is not permitted to bring dogs into this park 3 It will take you half an hour to get to the station allowing for traffic delays 5 refer to mention or speak of sb sth 提到 说到 e g When I said some people are stupid I wasn t referring to you 我说有些人很愚蠢 并不是指你 Don t refer to this matter again 请不要再提这件事 This incident in his childhood is never again referred to 他小时候的这件事永远不再提起 Refer to sth sb 向某事物 某人查询信息 e g refer to the dictionary 查词典 I referred to my watch for the exact time 我看一下手表好知道准确时间 The speaker often refer to his notes 那个演讲的人不时地看发言稿 refer sb sth to sb sth send sb sth for help advice action 将某人 某市武 送交某人 某事物以 谋求帮助 指点 e g refer to a patient to a specialist for treatment 把病人交给专科医生治疗 This dispute was referred to the United Nations to arbitration 这项争端已提交联合国处理 予以 仲裁 I was referred to the manager the enquiry office 人家叫我去找经理 去问讯处 Practice Join the following groups of key words into complete sentences 1 what I have to say all of you refer to 2 the dictionary don t know if you this what word mean refer to 3 used for forming the new law refer to doesn t Key for reference 1 What I have to say refers to all of you 2 If you don t know what this word means refer to the dictionary 3 The new law doesn t refer to land used for farming II Background The meglev train which runs from Pu Dong International Airport to the city is the first one for commercial use in the world Being an international metropolis Shanghai with perfect transportation by buses elevated III Language Study 1 We got on in Sydney and we got off in Alice Springs right in the middle of Australia 我们在悉尼上了火车然后在 Alice Springs 下车 就在澳大利亚的中部 Get 是英语动词中最有用 同时又是最难用的词之一 get on 除了表示 上车 以外还有其他意思 如 our youngest son is getting on well at school 我们的小儿子功课很有进步 How are you getting along on these days 近来生活如何 Parents are always keen for their children to get on 父母总是热望子女出息 get off We got off immediately after breakfast 我们吃完早餐就动身了 Get the children off to school 打发孩子们上学 I had great difficulty getting off to sleep last night 昨夜我翻来覆去难以入睡 I normally get off work at 5 30 我通常是 5 30 下班 联想记忆 get back 回来找回 get in 进入 上 小汽车 收进 请来 get down to 认真开始进行 get away from 摆脱 get along on with 与人 相处 事情 进展 get through 通过 办完 get rid of 消灭 摆脱 除掉 Practice Join the following key words into complete sentences using the phrase be willing to 1 driving test how are you in your 2 my classmates am getting on with well I 3 get away from his mother would be good had thought home earn some money his good character on his own Key for reference 1 How did you getting along in your driving test 2 I am getting on well with my classmates 3 His mother had thought it would be good for his character to get away from home and earn some money on his own 2 We ate great meals cooked by experts 我们吃了一顿可口由专家烹饪的饭菜 这里 cooked 是过去分词短语作后置定语 相当于 we are great meals which were cooked by experts e g the question discussed yesterday 昨天讨论的问题 the book wriiten by Lun Xun 鲁迅写的书 We are going to talk about the problem discussed at the last meeting The bridge built last month needs repairing 上个月建造的那座桥需要修理 比较 现在分词表示 语态主动 动作进行 过去分词表示 语态被动 动作完成 the young man sitting between John and Mary I s the editor of the campus newspaper 坐在约翰 和马丽之间的那个年轻小火子是校园报的编辑 All the windows broken have been repaired 所有坏了的窗户已经修理好了 Those wishing to join this club should sign her 想加入俱乐部的人在这里签名 3 For the first few hundred kilometers of the journey the scenery was very colourful 在旅行刚开始的几百公里 风景很美 background scenery 背景布景 mountain scenery 山景 词汇联想 view scene sight scenery 典型考题 Switzerland was well known for its impressive mountains A scenes B sights C scenery D views 考题分析 答案 C 瑞士以其壮丽的山景而著称 Scenery 总称 风景 景色 指自 然风光 scene 景色 景象指某一处的自然风光 scenery 是由多个 scene 构成的 景色 所以常翻译为 风景 sight 风景 名胜 用附属形式指人文景观 view 景色 风景是从人的角度 一眼所看到的景色 Practice Join the following key words into complete sentences using the phrase be willing to 1 the top of the mountain we reach we a wide plain below come in view of 2 the in the garden vanish happy scene playing and it is quiet again 3 laugh at we at the sight of strange clothes his Key for reference 1 When we reached the top of the mountain we came in view of a wide plain below 2 The happy scene of children playing in the garden vanishes and it is quiet again 3 We laughed at the sight of his strange clothes 4 A hundred and fifty years ago they brought some camels from Afghanistan Ghan is short for Afghanistan 150 年前他们从阿富汗买了一些骆驼 Ghan 是 Afghanistan 的简称 Other phrases For short 简称 in short 简而言之 little short of 几乎不少于 完全不亚于 short and sweet 扼要的 直截了当的 short memory 健忘 short of 缺少 达不到 in the short run 在短时期里 词汇联想 in short in brief 典型考题 There is not much time left so I ll tell you about it A in all B in brief C in detail D in short 考题分析 答案 B in all 总共 in brief 简单扼要地 in detail 详细地 in short 总之 简单 地说 词语辨析 in brief 着重突出重点 布拖泥带水 如 there is not much time so I will tell you about it in brief 剩下的时间不多了 所以我简单地告诉你有关事宜 in short 多用来在较长 叙述之后长话短说 带有 纵上所述 的意思 如 In short I am going to live there myself 综 上所述 我打算自己住那儿 IV Grammar Exploration Grammar 分词 1 分词形式 有现在分词和过去分词两种 过去分词只有一种形式 现在分词则有 一般主动式 doing 一般被动式 being done 完成主动式 having done 完成被动式 having been done 2 语法功能 在句中作定语 表语 宾补 状语 3 现在分词和过去分词的区别 1 语态不同 现在分词表示主动概念 及物动词的过去分词表示被动概念 例如 the moving film 动人的电影 the moved girl 受感动的姑娘 a running machine 一台转动 的机器 a stolen car 一辆被盗的汽车 注 关于心理状态动词的 ing 形式表主动意 ed 形式表被动意 详见该讲后的 专题 2 时间关系上不同 现在分词表正在进行的动作 过去分词往往表已经完成的动作 例如 a developing country 发展中的国家 a developed country 发达的国家 4 现在分词的基本用法 1 一般主动式用法 A 作定语 The sleeping child is only five years old The child who is sleeping is The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well The girl who is writing a letter can The factory making TV sets is very large The factory which makes TV sets is very large B 作表语 The story sounds very interesting The news is very exciting C 作宾补 学用于 see watch hear feel find have keep 等动词之后 例如 We can see steam rising from the wet clothes I saw Tom coming out of the house Don t keep the students doing homework all day 注 上述动词后跟不定式作宾补表示动作的过程 而不是正在进行中的动作 而现 在分词作宾补则表示正在进行中的动作 例如 I heard them singing in the room when I passed it singing 不可改为 sing Do you often hear them sing in the room sing 不可改为 singing have sb do sth 与 have sb doing sth 的区别 前者 have let 后者 have 有时表 keep 意 有时表 employ 雇用 意 如 I ll have him go with me 我将让他和我一块去 I ll have him working in my compary 我将雇用他在我的公司里工作 Don t have the machine working all day 不要让机器整天工作 D 作状语 时间状语 Reading the letter I couldn t help thinking of my school life 原因状语 Being ill I didn t go to school yesterday 方式或伴随状语 Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty 2 完成主动式用法 这种分词所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前 一般在句中作时间 或原因状语用 不能作定语用 例如 Having finished her homework she went to bed Not having received his letter she wrote to him again 3 一般被动式用法 表示正在发生的被动动作 在句中作定语或状语 例如 The car being repaired is mine The car which is being repaired is mine Being repaired the car can t be used As Because it is being repaired the car can t be used 4 完成被动式用法 表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作 在句中多作状语 不能作定语 例如 Having been praised a second time I decided to make still greater progress 5 过去分词的基本用法 1 作定语 The stolen car was found by the police last week 2 作表语 The glass is broken When I got to the classroom the door was locked 3 作宾补 You must have your hair cut 4 作状语 Given more time we can do the work much better 6 独立主格结构 当分词有它自己的独立主语 不同于句子主语的名词或代词 时 则是一种独立 主格结构形式 在句中作状语 定语等 例如 The bell ringing we all stopped talking When the bell rang we all stopped talking There being no bus we had to walk home There was no bus so we had to walk home 7 使用现在分词的几个注意点 1 作状语用的现在分词 其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事 例如 Standing on top of the tall building we could see the whole city 正 Standing When we stood Standing on top of the tall building the whole city could be seen 误 Having found the cause they continued the experiment 正 Having found After When they had found Having found the cause the experiment continued 误 2 短暂动词 即瞬间动词 的现在分词被动式不可作宾补或定语 例如 He saw the old man knocked down by the car knocked down 不可改为 being knocked down 或 having been knicked down Do you like the dictionary bought by Zhang Ming bought 不可改为 being get bought 或 having been bought 现在分词被动式与过去分词用法的区别 现在分词被动式与过去分词都有被动意 但其用法是有区别的 1 作宾语时 现在分词的一般被动式表示一个正在发生的被动动作 过去分词则表示 一个已发生过的被动动作或没有时间性的状态 例如 Do you see the hospital there 你看见了那边那个 医院吗 The continent connected with Asia at the Suez Canal is Africa 在苏伊士运河处 与亚洲相连的洲是非洲 句中 connected 无时间性 2 作原因状语 现在分词被动式与过去分词可以互换 例如 Being led Led by the Party the Chinese people have won great victories 3 作方式或伴随状语 不用现在分词被动式 而用过去分词 例如 The soldiers lay on the ground covered with nothing 4 作时间状语 若动作先于句子的谓语动作 且有具体过去时间 不可用现在分词一 般被动式或完成被动式 例如 Built in 1192 the bridge was very useful 如果没有具体过去时间状语 可用过去分词或现在分词完成被动式 例如 Discussed Having been discussed many times the problem was settled at last 如果要强调分词状语的动作发生的时间在谓语动作之前 则宜用现在分词完成被动 式 而不用过去分词 例如 Not having been invited she had to stay at home 5 在 have get 之后宜用过去分词作宾补 不用现在分词被动式或不定式被动式作宾补 例如 I ll have my hair cut cut 不能改为 being cut 或 be cut He got his watch repaired repaired 不能改为 being repaired 或 to be repaired 6 在 make order want like wish 等动词后 多用过去分词作宾补 少用现在分 词被动式作宾补 例如 The speaker couldn t make himself heard 一般不说 being heard He wanted his house painted 一般不说 being painted 8 心理状态动词的 ing 形式与 ed 形式 所谓心理状态动词是指含有使动意 使人产生某种情感 心理变化的动词 如 surprise 使惊讶 interest 使感兴趣 它们的 ing 形式含主动意义 ed 形式含被动意义 皆可视为形容词 例如 surprising 令人惊讶的 interesting 令人感兴趣的 surprised 因 感到惊讶的 interested 因 感到兴趣的 下面的句子可显示两者 的区别 The film is so interesting that they are all interested in it She was much surprised at the surprising news 已学的心理状态动词有 astonish bore 使厌烦 delight disappoint discourage encourage excite frighten interest move 使感动 please 使高兴 puzzle 使迷惑 satisfy 使满意 surprise shock tire 使疲劳 trouble upset 使不安 worry 它们的 ing 形式多和物连用 如 The news is pleasing exciting a boring report 一个令人厌烦的报告 a tiring walk 累人的步行 being built built 正在建造的 建好的 它们的 ed 形式多和人连用 如 an excited girl I m tired 但是也有 ing 形式和人连用 ed 形式和物连用的现象 如 an inspiring leader 一位有感召力的领袖 an amusing girl 一个讨人喜欢的女孩 a puzzled expression 一种 迷惑不解的表情 She said in a frightened voice 她用受了惊吓的声音说着话 V Language Skills Language Skill Practice 非谓语动词用法对比非谓语动词用法对比 The next morning she found the manin bed dead A lyingB lieC layD laying Most of the peopleto the party were famous scientists A invitedB to inviteC being invitedD inviting 3 The secretary worked late into the night a long speech for the president A to prepareB preparing C preparedD was preparing 4 The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks that he had enjoyed his stay here A having addedB to addC addingD added 5 The first text booksfor teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century A having writtenB to be written C being writtenD written 6 in thought he almost ran into the car in front of him A LostingB Having lostC LostD To lose 7 The Olympic Games in 776 B C did not include women players until 1912 A first playingB to be first playedC first playedD to be first playing 8 Look at hislook It seems as if he had met atiger A frightened frighteningB frightening frightened C frightened frightenedD frightening frightening 9 The bookon the deskto her A lying belongingB lay belong C lying belongsD being lie is belong 10 He won t attend the meeting unlessto give a speech A invitedB invitingC being invitedD he will be invited 11 He got the first and won the prize as A expectedB expecting C to be expected D expect 12 Did you smell something A burntB to burnC to be burningD burning 13 What he said made us A to surpriseB surpriseC surprisingD surprised 答案答案 AA B C D6 10 CC A C A11 15 A D D VI Task Design Task Talking about a trip you made to a tourist spot 2 think of a tourist spot you made a trip 3 you can refer to the following how to get there what you ca do there what you like about it things that happened to you when you were there Writing An unforgettable trip VII Studying Resources meglev train Volkswagen 48th World Table Tennis Championships Bulletin No 1 Is it a Bird A Plane Nope only Shanghai s flashy new Maglev the world s fastest train Way ahead of its time seven decades ago the still futuristic magnetic levitation system may yet redefine travel everywhere By Ron Gluckman Shanghai China LIKE MANY ON THE MAINLAND I was on the move over the Chinese New Year My flight lifted off early on the last morning of the Year of the Horse touching down at the a