名词性从句及经典例题汇编

英语 名词性从句整理学案 1 名词性从句名词性从句 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的作用相当于名 词 因此这种从句叫名词性从句 一 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句 一 that 引导的主语从句 that 引导主语从句时 that 不做成分 也没有意义 但不能省略 that 引导的主 语从句可用形式主语 it 代替 而把 that 从句置于句尾 That light travels in straight lines is known to all 众所周知 光沿直线传播 可转换为 It s known to all that light travels in straight lines it 用作形式主语 代替主语从句的句型 it be 形容词 主语从句 这类形容词有 probable evident likely possible important necessary It is certain that free medical care will be given to most people in our city 译 it be 名词词组 主语从句 这类名词有 a shame a pity an honour 等 It is a pity that you missed the exciting football match it be 过去分词 主语从句 announced believed reported said expected 等 It is said that Li Hao has been to Europe It 不及物动词 主语从句 这类不及物动词有 seem happen appear It seemed that he didn t tell the truth 二 whether 引导的主语从句 whether 意为 是否 在从句中不担当句子成分 Whether life exits on other planets is not clear 其他星球上是否存在生命不清楚 三 连接代词引导的主语从句 在从句中担任主语 宾语 表语或定语 Which plan is better should be discussed 应该谈论哪一个计划更好 Whoever comes to China is welcome 无论谁来中国都欢迎 四 连接副词引导的主语从句 在从句中担任状语 英语 名词性从句整理学案 2 When and where we will hold the meeting hasn t decided 我们何时何地举行会议还没决定 学习主语从句应注意 1 主语从句的语序 主语从句为陈述语序 而不是疑问语序 What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well 使我感到惊讶的是这个小女孩的小提琴拉得这么好 2 主语从句的主谓一致 由 that where when why how whether whenever 等引导的单个名词性从 句作主语时 主句的谓语通常用单数形式 That we need more books is quite obvious 我们需要更多的书 这是很显然的 但由 and 连接的多个从句作主语时 主句的谓语通常用复数形式 What you said and what you did were different 你言行不一 二 宾语从句 在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句叫宾语从句 宾语从句的引导词有 连词 that if whether 连接代词 who whom whose what which whoever whatever whichever 连接副词 when where how why 等 一 宾语从句的种类 1 动词的宾语从句 He doesno t know where the post office is 他不知道邮局在哪里 Make sure all the lighta are turned off before you leave 走之前务必要关灯 2 介词的宾语从句 通常情况下介词之后只能接 wh 类连接词引导的宾语从句 少数几个介词加 except but beside in 等后可接 that 引导的宾语从句 Did she say anything about how we should do the work 关于这工作我们该怎么做她说什么没有 3 形容词的宾语从句 在 sure certain afraid glad happy surprised pleased confident 表示情感的形容词后可接宾语从句 英语 名词性从句整理学案 3 I am afraid that I have made a mistake 恐怕我犯了一个错误 She is very glad that she has passed the exam 她很高兴她考试及格了 二 学习宾语从句应注意 1 it 做形式宾语 在动词 短语 enjoy love hate appreciate see to insist on depend on rely on 等 带宾语从句时 习惯上在从句前加形式宾语 it I will apprciate it if you can give me a hand 如果你能帮我一把 我会很感激 2 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句不论有连接代词还是连接副词引导 都要用陈述句语序 Can you tell me who he is 你能告诉我他是谁吗 3 宾语从句的时态 若主句是现在时 则宾语从句时态不限 可视情形使用所需要的时态 若主句 是过去时 则宾语从句应与主句时态保持一致 即用过去时态的适当形式 I hear that Wen Bo will go to American next year 我听说文博明年要去美国 Mike told me that he had had lunch he was having lunch he was going to have lunch 迈克告诉我他吃过午饭了 他在吃午饭 他打算吃午饭 三 表语从句 表语从句放在系动词的后面 在复合句中做句子的表语 引导表语从句的词有 连词 that whether as if 连接代词 who whom what which whose whoever whomever whatever whichever 连接副词 when where why as because 也可引导表语从句 注意 在表语从句 表示 是否 用 whether 不能用 if The problem is whether it is true 问题是它是否是真的 that 在表语从句中不做成分 不可省 Our plan is that we ll go there once a week 我们的计划是我们一周去哪里一次 that s why 引导表语从句 那就是 的原因 跟结果 That was why I came late that s because 引导表语从句 那是因为 跟原因 That was because I got up late 英语 名词性从句整理学案 4 the reason why 引导定语从句 的原因是 The reason why I came late was that I got up late 四 同位语从句 一 定义 在复合句中 跟在一个名词后 对其进一步解释说明的从句叫同位语从句 同 位语从句一般跟在某些名词的后面 用以解释说明前面名词的内容 后面常跟 同位语从句的名词有 advice proposal suggestion 建议 belief 信仰 chance 机会 decision 决定 fact 事实 idea opinion 观点 message 信息 news word 消息 plan 计划 possibility 可能性 thought 想法 wish 祝愿 promise 承诺 order 命令 theory 理论 doubt 怀疑 等 There is no doubt that the price of wheat will go up 毫无疑问 小麦的价格将会上涨 三 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 The news that China won the game made me excited 中国赢得比赛的消息让我很是激动 同位语从句 The news that you heard is not true 你所听到的消息不真实 定语从句 四 学习同位语从句应注意 在有些名词后的同位语从句中 其谓语动词应用 should 动词原形的虚拟语 气 这些词有 建议 suggestion advice proposal 要求 demand requirement request 决定 decision 命令 order 劝告 recommendation 等 The suggestion that a new bridge should be built was accepted 修建一座新桥的建议被采纳了 名词 doubt 后面的同位语从句 肯定时用 whether 否定时用 that 引导 We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time 我们怀疑他们能否 按时完成任务 There is no doubt that he will keep his promise 他将遵守诺言 这是毫无疑问的 五 名词性从句引导词 that 与 what 的区别 英语 名词性从句整理学案 5 名词性从句专项训练名词性从句专项训练 1 The limits of a person s intelligence generally speaking are fixed at birth but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment A where B whether C that D why 2012 安徽 2 Evidence has been found through years of study children s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up A why B how C whether D that 2012 重庆 3 It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike A how B which C that D what 2012 全国 4 Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt he could have expressed it differently A why B how C that D whether 2012 北京 5 We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star A who B whom C whoever D whomever 2012 福建 6 As many as five courses are provided and you are free to choose suits you best 2012 陕西 A whatever B whichever C whenever D wherever 7 It doesn t matter you pay by cash or credit card in this store A how B whether C what D why 2012 山东 8 Everyone in the village is very friendly It doesn t matter you have lived there for a short or a long time A why B how C whether D when 2012 湖南 引导词句法功能省略情况 that不作任何句子成分引导宾语从句可以省略 从句是并 列句时 第二个分句前的 that 不可 省 what主语 宾语 表语 定语不能省略 英语 名词性从句整理学案 6 9 It doesn t matter you turn right or left at the crossing both roads lead to the park A whether B how C if D when 2012 天津 10It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office A whether B where C which D that 2012 江西 11The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain A wherever B however C whatever D whichever 2012 辽宁 12 Scientists study human brains work to make computers A when B how C that D whether 2012 四川 13 made a promise to myself this year my first year in high school would be different 2012 浙江 A whether B what C that D how 14The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed 2012 江苏 A when B that C whether D how 15 We haven t discussed yet we are going to place our new furniture A that B which C what D where 10 全国 16 The shocking news mad me realize terrible problems we would face 2011 北京卷 A whatB howC thatD why 17 There is clear evidence the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain 2011 上海卷 A whatB ifC howD that 18 The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of others actually understand A whyB thatC whichD what 2011 上海卷 19 I am afraid he s more of a talker than a doer which is he never finishes anything 英语 名词性从句整理学案 7 A that B when C where D why 2011 山东卷 20 We ve offered her the job but I don t know she ll accept it 2011 山东 卷 A where B what C whether D which 21 The villagers have already known we ll do is to rebuild the bridge 2011 江西卷 A thisB thatC whatD which 22 It was never clear the man hadn t reported the accident sooner 2011 江苏卷 A that B how C when D why 23 His writing is so confusing that it s difficult to make out it is he is trying to express A that B how C who D what 2011 安徽卷 24 Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed A why B how C what D which 2011 四川卷 25 Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read first A what B who C how D why 2011 辽宁 卷 26 When the news came the war broke out he decided to serve in the army 2011 辽宁卷 A since B which C that D because27 Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases A what B which C that D where 2011 天津 卷 28 I d like to start my own business that s I d do if I had the money A why B when C which D what 2011 陕西卷 29 It is still under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not 英语 名词性从句整理学案 8 A whether B when C which D where 2011 重庆卷 30 It is not always easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of to human life A whose B what C which D that 2011 重庆卷 31 Before a problem can be solved it must be obvious the problem itself is A what B that C which D why 2011 湖南卷 32 We should respect food and think about the people who don t have we have here and treat food nicely A that B whichC what D whether 10 福建 33 Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into