2012高考英语考前冲刺Ⅲ专题02 代词和数词

用心 爱心 专心1 20122012 考前冲刺英语考前冲刺英语 专题专题 0202 代词和数词代词和数词 高考预测高考预测 1 物主代词和反身代词的用法 2 不定代词的用法 3 代词 that it one 的用法 4 数词和主谓一致 5 历年来高考对代词的考查都是重点 试题主要反映在单项选择 完形填空以及短文 改错等三个方面 尤其是 it 在动词之后 介词之后的虚拟用法 6 反身代词在短文改错中的运用 易错点点睛易错点点睛 易错点点睛 1 物主代词和反身代词的用法 1 You will find as you read this book that you just can t keep some of these stones to You will want to share them with a friend A itself B yourself C himself D themselves 错误解答 A 代词 正确解答 B 3 There at the door stood a girl about the same height A as me B as mine C with mine D with me 错误解答 A 错解分析 分清宾格和所有格是关键 从语境来看 本题是考查物主代词的用法 thesame 常和 as 连用 表示 与 相同 这里所比较的是某人的身高 所以用名词性物 主代词 mine 用心 爱心 专心2 正确解答 B 4 Susan go and join your sister cleaning the yard Why John is sitting there doing nothing A him B he C I D me 错误解答 C 错解分析 尽管是指 我 但在口语中 单独说 我 时 一般用 me 正确解答 D 5 Tom felt that he knew everybody s business than they knew it A themselves B oneself C itself D himself Is s nice if a 错误解答 D It s nice if a man can have his own car I want to have my very own car 4 a an Some any 名词 of one s own 表示 某人自己的 的意思 名 词前可以用 this that these four those several another no whieh 等修饰 但不能用 定冠词 the 例如 5 反身代词的习惯用语 by oneslf alone 独自地 亲自 to oneself 暗自 for oneself 为自己 用心 爱心 专心3 in oneself 本质上 of onesflf 自动地 自发地 be oneself 玩得愉快 dress oneslf in 穿着 help oneslf to 随便吃 自行取用 come to oneself 苏醒 make oneself at home 不要客气 devote omeself to 专心于 献身于 find omeself in at 发觉自己来到 teach oneself 自学 dress oneself 自己穿 lose oneself 迷路 excuse oneself 自我辩解 变式探究 Is your camera like Bill s and Ann s No but it s almost the same as A her B yours C them D their 答案 D 解析 their their cameras 用作名词性物主代词 2 Jack is one of those men who I am sure always do best even in the most make you different from A everyone else B the other C someone else D the 用心 爱心 专心4 rest 错误解答 C 或 D 错解分析 本题看似是和别人不同 会误选 C 或足比其余的人 误选 D 从句意分 析 应该是 和任何一个其他的人不同 因此填 everyone else 正确解答 A 2 2012 精选模拟 She doesn t know anyone here 5he has got to talk to A anyone B someone C everyone D no one 错误解答 A 错解分析 本题出现错误的情况是对题意的不理解 根据前文的意思 没有一个认 识的人 是完全否定 你们 后一句也应该是完全否定 正确解答 D 3 I got the story from Tom and people who had worked with him A every other B many others C some other D other than 错误解答 D 或 A 正确解答 B 5 We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for A none B either C any D each 错误解答 A 或 D 错解分析 一般考生认为 none 是完全否定 这里是三者 符合这个用法 根据题 意 似乎我们对任何一个都没有利用 强调 任何 所以选 C 正确解答 C 用心 爱心 专心5 6 One week s time has been wastea I can t believe we did all that work for A something B nothing C everything D anything 错误解答 A 或 D 错解分析 前者说 一周的时间已被浪费掉了 后者说 我无法相信我们所做的一切 毫无结果 什么都没换来 句中的 for 有 替挟 兑挟 之意 一周内干了许多工作 却 劳而无功 所以才白白浪费了一周时间 没有换来任何成果 正确解答 B 特别提醒 易混不定代词的用法区别 1 some 和 any 二者都可用作名词 作主语或宾语 也可用作形容词 作定语 来修饰可数名词或不可 数名词 1 some 一般用于肯定句中 当 some 用于单数可数名词前时 表示 某一 个 与 数字连用则表示 大概 大约 的意思 用于疑问句时 表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答 或表示请求 建议 例如 I ve read the story in some book 某一本 Some girl is waiting for you at the school gate 某个 The country has exported some two million bikes this year 大约 May I have some water 表示请求 Would you like some apples 邀请 2 any 多用于疑问句 否定句和条件句中 在肯定句中 any 表示 任何的 修 饰单数可数名词 也可用作状语 表示程度 例如 both 两者都 all 三者或三者以上 全体 在句中可作主语 宾语 定语和同位 语 1 all 除了指人 作主语时 谓语动词用复数 还可指物 表示 所有 一切 作主语时 谓语动词用单数 也可用来修饰不可数名词 例如 All but one are present 作主语 指人 谓语动词用复数 All is over with him 作主语 指物 谓语动词用单数 I have forgotten all about it 作宾语 All hope has gone 修饰不可数名词 They all agree to stay here 作同位语 3 much 和 many 用心 爱心 专心6 两个词都有 许多 的意思 much 表示或修饰不可数名词 many 表示或修饰可数 名词 在口语中 much 或 many 多用于疑问句或否定句 在肯定句中常用 a lot of lots Of plenty of a large quantity of quantities of 代替 much 还可以用 a great deal of 代替 many 可以用 a 1arge number of 代替 1 much 可用作副词 作状语 表程度 be not much 意为 不怎么样 much 还 可与 too 连用 构成 too much 不可数名词 短语 意为 太多的 或 much too 形容词或副词 短语 意为 太 非常 是副词词组 修饰形 副词 但不修饰动词 例如 The city is much larger than that one I ve visited the country and it is not much There is too much noise in the classroom 单数名词 every 序数词 单数名词 例如 Every one has strong and weak points Every student has told a story every three weeks 每隔三个星期 每隔两个星期 every other week every second week 每隔一星期 every few weeks 不能说 evesry a few weeks 每隔几个星期 6 either 和 neither either 指 两个人或物中的任何一个 表示肯定意义 neither 指 两个人或物 一个也不 表示否定意义 这两个词作主语时 谓语动词要用单数 用心 爱心 专心7 either 可放在否定句的句尾 表示 也 例如 I don t know either 我也不知道 either 可用作连词 或者 要么 的意思 一般与 or 连用 构成 either or 短语 意为 不是 就是 或者 或者 当这一短语连接两个名词或 代词作主语时 谓语动词在人称和数上要同最近的主语保持一致 如 Either he or I am to blame Is either he or you going to the cinema Are either you or he going to the cinema either 修饰名词时 前面不用物主代词 指示代词或定冠词 可以说 either pen 但不能说 the either pen 或 either my pen either 用作代词时 可以单独使用 也可和 of 连用 of 后接复数名词 名词 前要用一个物主代词 指示代词或定冠词 如 He doesn t like either of the two places 当 either of 作主语时 动词一般用单数形式 但在否定句和疑问句中 动词 也常 None of books are is interesting 注意 none but 复数名词作主语时 谓语动词要用复数 例如 None but wolves walk like that 除非狼才会那么走 none 和 noone 的区别 none 回答以 howmany much 引导的特殊疑问句或 any of 限定词 名词 或表一 定范围的一般疑问句 no one 回答以 who 引导的特殊疑问句及含有 anybody 或无限定范围 的一般问句 简言之 none 表示数量 no one 表示没有人 例如 How many students are there in the classroom now 用心 爱心 专心8 None How any of you ever been to the Great Wall None Who can answer the question No one 8 other another others any other the other 的用法 1 other 表示泛指 意为 另外的 其他的 常与复数名词或不可数名词连用 如果其前有 the this some any each every no 以及形容词性物主代词时 其后就 可接单数名词 例如 I have no other place to go 2 another 常用于指三者或三者以上中的 另外一个 泛指单数 可以单独使用 也可以接名词 如果其后接复数名词 则表示 又 再 还 例如 This cap is too small for me Show me another one We need another three assistants in our company 3 others 是 other 的复数形式 表示泛指 意为 别的人或物 但不指全部 特指时在其前加定冠词 前面可加任何限定词以及数量词 例如 He has more concern for others than for himself 4 any other 表示一个之外的其他任何一个 百不是两个之中的另一个 例如 China is larger than any other country in Asia 5 the other 表示两者中的另外一个 可以单独使用 以可接单数名词 例如 No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give away to the other 变式探究 1 Do you want fish or chicken I don t really mind A Both B None C Either D Neither 答案 C 解析 根据句意 不介意 那么无论什么都可以了 If you want to change for a double room you ll have to pay 30 dollars A another B other C more D each 答案 A 解析 another 接数词表示 再一 more 的位置在数词前 One of the side of the board should be painted yellow and A the other is white B another white C the other white D another is 用心 爱心 专心9 white 答案 C 解析 木板只有两面 另一面是特指 4 Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers Now she would like to read stories by writers from countries A some any B other some C some other D other other 答案 C 解析 意思是想阅读 一些 其他国家的 作家的小说 5 Are the new rules working Yes books are stolen A Few B More C Some D None 答案 A 解析 根据语境 几乎没有 易错点点睛易错点点睛 3 3 代词出代词出 atat itit oneone 的用法的用法 1 2012 精选模拟 I m moving to the country because the air there is much fresher than in the city A ones B one C that D those 错误解答 B 3 I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright A this B that C it D one 错误解答 B 或 D 错解分析 本题中 like 是及物动词 需要宾语 此处 it 指模糊的情形或环境 没 有具体的指代 是虚词 其余的选项都是错误的 再如典型例题套中的一题 I like here 用心 爱心 专心10 Oh yes The air the weather the way of life Everything is so nice A this B these C it D that 正确解答 C 4 Few pleasures can equal of a cool drink on a hot day A some B any C that D those 错误解答 D 错解分析 如果把它动作是 few Pleasures 就会误选 D 项了 根据句意 很少 有在热天喝杯冷饮那种快乐 很明显 这是替代特定的被限定的事物 即 the pleasure of a cool drink 只有 that 才能表达特定意义 正确解答 C 5 Cars do cause as some health problems in fact for more serious than mobile phones do A one B ones C it D those 错误解答 D 错解分析 这里 ones 用来替代前文的 problems 由于有修饰语 serious 故不能 和 those 正确解答 B 特别提醒 1 代词 it they 与替代词 one ones the one the ones that those 的用法区别 1 it 指代前面提到过的事物 they 是它的复数形式 2 one 替代单数名词 表示不特定的名词 也就是指泛指 ones 是它的复数形式 用心 爱心 专心11 There is only one computer of the type in the shop so I want to buy it for my daughter 句 1 2 代词 it 的主要用法 用作人称代词 指代前文提到过的事物 例如 This is not my book It is Mary s 用来代替指示代词出 this 或 that 例如 What s this It s a dictionary Whose jacket is that It is hers 在性别不清楚时用来指人 例如 Who s knocking at the door It s me 4 指时间 距离 天气 环境等 例如 What s the time now It s ten past twenty It s getting warmer and wanner It s about ten miles ride from my home to the town 5 指代整个句子的内容 例如 Our team won the football match Have you heard about it 6 用于某些习惯用语中作宾语 对这些习惯用语只能从整体上来理解 例如 I hate it when people speak with their mouths full We ll foot it As it is we can hardly get to the station by 7o clock 变式探究 1 oung people may grow quickly in some ways and more slowly in A the other B some other C others D those others 答案 C 解析 在其他方面 2 I intended to compare notes with a friend but unfortu nately couldn t spare me even one minute A they B one C who D it 答案 A 用心 爱心 专心12 易错点点睛易错点点睛 4 4 数词和主谓一致数词和主谓一致 1 2012 精选模拟 He did it it took me A one third a time B one third time C the one third time D one third the time 错误解答 A 或 C 错解分析 分数和百分数后面不能直接跟名词或代词 而应该是 分数或百分数 of 冠词或限定词 名词或代词 其谓语动词与 of 后面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一 致 本题 time 后接定语从句 前面要加定冠词 the 表示 三分之一的时间 为 one third the time 正确解答 D 2 As a result of destroying the forests a large of the desert covered the land A number has B quantity has C number have D quantity have 错误解答 C 用心 爱心 专心13 A is washing away B is being washed away C are washing away D are being washed away 错误解答 A 错解分析 本题考查语态和主谓一致 此句主语是一复数形式 huge quantities 所以谓语应用相应的复数形式 正确解答 D 特别提醒 1 数词使用的注意事项 1 hundred thousand million billion score dozen 前有数词 后接 of 连接名词 时 表示不具体的量 加复数 例如 five hundred people two score apples tens of thousands of millions of 2 表示 几十 的数词的复数形式前用形容词性物主代词形式时 表示 某人 在 几十岁 用定冠词 the 修饰则表示年代 例如 in his early thirties 在他二十几岁时 in the 1990s 1990 s 二十世纪九十年代 3 序数词在句中作定语时 一般在序数词前加定冠词 the 有时加不定冠词 a n 表 示 又一 再一 的意思 相当于 another 例如 Monday is the second dqy of a week Would you like a second cup of tea 4 固定短语 one at a time 一次一个地 one by one 一个一个地 by the dozen 以打计 by the hundred 以百计 in tens 十个十个地 one in out of ten 十个中的一个 World War Two the Second World War 第二次世界大战 用心 爱心 专心14 2 主谓语一致基本用法所遵循的三个原则 变式探究 1 The writer of the novel is a professor in his A thirty B thirtieth C thirty s D thirties 答案 D 解析 表示 在某人的几十岁的时候 用整十数的 复数形式 2 Not only I but also Jane and Mary fired of having one examination after another A is B are C am D be 答案 B 1 I will chance whether it is possible or not A it B that C this D one 解析 英语中 it 常置于些动词或介词之后 在句右充当形 式主语 但没有具体 用心 爱心 专心15 意义 构成习惯用法 这样的动词常见的有 make it 规定时间 办成 做到 例如 You can t make it to the other shore in such a bad weather forget it 没关系 算了吧 例如 How much do I owe you Forget it Don t bother to pay me back foot it 步行去 例如 We had to foot it in the rain watch it 当心 例如 It s raining hard watch your steps or you ll fall over Thank you I ll watch it go it 赶快干 例如 Go it otherwise we can t finish it before dark 本题 chance it 是 碰碰运气 的意思 答案 A 难点难点 2 2 反身代词在短文改错听运用反身代词在短文改错听运用 2 改错 Dear Tom I m glad to hear that you are coming soon I had just 1 read an ad for house sale which you might be interesting in 2 I m writing yourself about what it says 3 解析 反身代词在短文改错中或是人称代词错用作反身代词 或是反身代词错用作 用心 爱心 专心16 2 You ll catch if you do like this A this B that C one D it 答案 D 解析 catch it 受到惩罚 典型习题导练典型习题导练 I 单项选择 1 You asked us to send you our price and catalogue for the season I m sure you will find plenty to interest you in A it B this C one D those 答案 A 4 Why didn t you have dinner out in a restaurant last night We couldn t because of us money in hand A all didn t have B none had any C everyone had to D nobody had any 答案 B 用心 爱心 专心17 7 Where can we have supper tonight Oh if you don t mind we can do it at of the restaurants A all B every C any D each 答案 C 解析 任何一家都可以 8 8 I saw no more than one motor car in that shop Will you go and buy No I d rather find in other shops A one one B it it C one it D it one 答案 D 解析 no more than one 表示 只有一部车 9 Which side can I sit on the boat If you sit still you can sit on A neither side B every side C both side D either side 答案 D 解析 两边中的任何一边 10 Now that the new disks have been bought will you do with these old A how ones B what those C how those D what ones 答案 D 解析 替代词有前置修饰语时 不可用 those 用心 爱心 专心18 11 You re always working Come on let s go shopping you ever want to do is going shopping A Anything B Something C All D That 答案 C 解析 你任何时候想干的 一切 只是买东西 12 The articles made of leather cost much more than those of plastic A that B those C it D ones 答案 B 15 friends Betty had made there all invited to her birthday party A A few was B The few were C Few were D Few of was 答案 B 解析 前面特指 friends 是复数 所以谓语动词也 用复数 16 Is that a book on farming If so I want to buy A this B one C it D those 答案 C 解析 前文中的 that 是关键词 17 The club has meeting held every other Wednesday A a weekly B an annual C monthly D a 用心 爱心 专心19 fortnightly 答案 A 解析 由 every other Wednesday 可推断 18 The party last month really gave me a lot of fun So Mr James can we have this month A another B one C it D other 答案 A 18 A 解析 再来一场 也就是 另外一场 19 Mr Johnson enjoyed again by working in the factory because he always hates while staying alone at home all day long A him that B it it C himself it D himself that 答案 C 解析 前者构成短语 enjoy oneself it 指代前文的动作 20 It is rare in that people in fifties are going to university for further education A 90s the B the 90s C 90s their D the 90s their 所以不和 a 连用 23 Is there anyone who is going to the Great Wall 用心 爱心 专心20 A None B No one C No D Not any 答案 A 解析 none 表示数量 no one 表示没有人 24 Who is making so much noise in the garden the children A It is B They are C That is D There are 答案 A 解析 强调句型的省略 25 Which of the fashionable dresses do you like best They are both expensive and of little use A None B Nothing C Neither D Either 答案 D 26 If a student can make what has been learned whether in class or from social practice he will make steady progress A his own B him C himself D his 29 When shall we meet again Make it day you like it it s all the same to me A one B any C another D some 答案 B 解析 后文说 对我都一样 所以是 任何一天都可以 用心 爱心 专心21 30 E mail as well as telephones an important part in daily communication A is playing B have played C are playing D play 答案 A 解析 主语是单数 E mail 31 If you can dream you can do A one it B it one C one one D it it 33 WheAn you are reading fast your eyes will be one or two word groups ahead of your mind is taking in A one B the others C the one D others 答案 C 36 This machine is no better than that one 用心 爱心 专心22 You are right Evidently we have to buy A this one B that one C neither D both 答案 C 解析 句意为 一个都不买 两者的全部否定 37 I don t like this pair of gloves Will you show me A another B the others C some others D other ones 答案 A 38 Excuse me I want to have my watch fixed but Ican t find a repair shop I know nearby Come on I 11 show you A one B it C some D that 答案 A 39 Jack is one of those men who I am sure always do best even in the most difficult 42 If we keep on polluting the environment the white plastic rubbish will be the last thing to tell other creature that once an earth A there was B there is C it is D it was 答案 A 解析 表示过去曾有过 用心 爱心 专心23 43 The man has lived in the small town for 20years So he knows who is there A somebody no body B everybody anybody C nobody everybody D anybody everybody 答案 B 44 It was during the 1920s that the friendship between the two American writers Hemingway and Fitzgerald reached highest point A their B its C his D our 答案 B 解析 指代前文的 friendship 45 Nowadays everything strange is strange That is to say any unexpected thing is possible to happen A something B anything C nothing D everything 答案 C 48 The trainer praised me for what I did was better than of the top player on the team A any B each C that D those 答案 C 解析 指代前面的不可数的事情 49 Thank you for your help Good luck A Sometimes B Sometime C Anytime D Every time 用心 爱心 专心24 答案 C 解析 意为 随时都乐意帮助你 50 I m just as is sung in a song I live on my own A someone B somebody C anybody D nobody 答案 C 解析 nobody 用作名词 意思是 不重要的人 小人物 51 The secretary wrote note to the company manager I guess she forgot writing one A the other B one C one more D another one 答案 C 解析 从后文看是忘记写过了 52 there is a tree on either side of the road A Every few meters B Every few meter C Every a few meters D Every a few meter 答案 A 53 You have no difficulty finding the answer to the question A None at all B Not at all C No problem D No one 答案 A 54 How do you find the football match Wonderful I think Just as fine as of the matches we ve seen A one B another C some D any 答案 D 55 Even if they are on sale these refrigerators are equal in price to if not more expensive than at the other shop A the others B that C the ones D anyone 答案 C 解析 指代前文的 refrigerators II 完形填空 用心 爱心 专心25 阅读下面短文 掌握其大意 然后从 56 76 各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项 help me We had to work at top speed 70 buckets of water from the kitchen to 71 the fire fanned by the wind from the windows 72 We were unable to 73 out the fire but we managed to 74 it under con tr01 until the arrival of the firemen 75 they a