初中复合句与简单句转换

一 用 及物动词 不定式 结构可以将含有 that 引导的某些宾语从句的复合句转换成简单句 例如 1 He decided that he would buy a digital camera online He decided to buy a digital camera online 2 We hoped that we would come back soon We hoped to come back soon 3 I expect that I shall finish my work by this Sunday I expect to finish my work by this Sunday 二 用 疑问词 不定式 结构可以将某些含有连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句转换简单句 例如 1 I don t know which one I can buy I don t know which one to buy 2 We wonder where we ll go this Sunday We wonder where to go this Sunday 3 Could you please teach me how I can search the Internet Could you please teach me how to search the Internet 三 用 too to 结构可以将含有 so that 引导的结果语从句 否定 的复合句转成简单句 如 1 The boy is so young that he can t look after himself The boy is too young to look after himself 2 The question is so difficult that I can t answer it The question is too difficult for me to answer 四 用 enough 不定式 结构可以将含有 so that 引导的结果状语从句 肯定 的复合句转变为简单句 例如 1 The girl is so tall that she can reach the apples on the tree The girl is tall enough to reach the apples on the tree 2 This hall is so large that it can hold 2000 people This hall is large enough to hold 2000 people 3 The table was so light that the little boy can carry it The table was light enough for the little boy to carry 五 用 happen 不定式 或 seem 不定式 结构可以分别将 It happens that 和 It seems that 等含有主语从 句的复合句转换为简单句 例如 1 It happened that the teacher saw him playing in class The teacher happened to see him playing in class 2 It seemed that sharks have been on the earth for thousands of years Sharks seemed to have been on the earth for thousands of years 3 It seemed that this camera offered the most at the best price This camera seemed to offer the most at the best price 六 用 in order 不定式 或 so as 不定式 结构可以将含有 so that 引导的目的状语从句的复合句转换为简单句 如 1 She decided to buy a camera online so that she could receive it soon She decided to buy a camera online in order to receive it soon She decided to buy a camera online so as to receive it soon 2 I went over my composition again and again so that I couldn t make any mistakes I went over my composition again and again in order not to make any mistakes I went over my composition again and again so as not to make any mistakes 3 Miyoko bought a camera so that she could take pictures in Beijing Miyoko bought a camera in order to take pictures in Beijing Miyoko bought a camera so as to take pictures in Beijing 七 在某些作表语的形容词后面加不定式可以将某些含有状语从句的复合句转变成简单句 例如 1 I was glad when I heard the good news I was glad to hear the good news 2 Tom s parents were very surprised as they knew all about it Tom s parents were very surprised to know all about it 八 祈使句 or 简单句 可转换为 if 引导的否定的条件句 主句 的句型 祈使句 and 简单句 可转换为 if 引导的肯 定的条件句 主句 的句型 例如 1 Be brave or you ll lose your chance If you aren t brave you ll lose your chance 2 Come on or we ll miss the early bus If we don t hurry we ll miss the early bus 九 定语从句的主从句缩略为简单句 为了使表达言简意赅 英语中常用一定的语法手段把句子简缩 定语从句简缩成单词或短语就是其中常见的一种现象 1 在主动式定语从句中 如关系代词作从句的主语 谓语是一个行为动词 这时从句常缩略为一个现在分词短语 如 The man who is walking along the street comes from our company The man walking along the street comes from our company This lens produces rays which converge towards a point This lens produces rays converging towards a point 如果从句的谓语动词后没有作状语的介词短语 由该动词变成的现在分词常置于所修饰的词之前 如 This lens produces rays which converge This lens produces converging rays The countries which are developing should get united The developing countries should get united 把定语从句简缩为现在分词短语有以下几种情况 1 从句的谓语和主句的谓语所表达的时间要一致 如 We used to live in the house which faced south We used to live in the house facing south 2 从句的谓语动词是进行时态 如 Come tomorrow and show your visa to the man who will be sitting at that desk Come tomorrow and show your visa to the man sitting at that desk 3 从句和主句的谓语所表达的时间都是泛指 如 China is a developing socialist country which belongs to the third world China is a developing socialist country belonging to the third world 4 从句谓语动词的动作一发生 主句谓语动词的动作紧接着发生 如 The man who stole into the room was caught immediately on the spot The man stealing the room was caught immediately on the spot 5 从句谓语动词的动作可发生在主句谓语动词的动作这前 如 Can you catch the bus which will leave at 8 this morning Can you catch the bus leaving at 8 this morning 2 在定语从句中 如从句的谓语动词是系动词 be 的一般现在时或一般过去时 表语是介词短语 形容词短语或名 词短语 该从句可以缩略成介词短语 形容词短语或名词短语 作后置定语 如 We saw the glasses that were on the table fall off onto the floor We saw the glasses on the table fall off onto the floor China is country which is rich in resources China is country rich in resources They had to fetch water from a well which was a mile away from the village They had to fetch water from a well a mile away from the village 如果定语从句仅有一个案形容词作表语 从句简缩后 该形容词的位置由其性质而定 若是表语形容词 应放在所 修饰的词之后 如 All those who are present are from the north All those present are from the north 若是定语形容词 则应置于所修饰的词之前 如 I want the flower which is red I want the red flower 3 如定语从句中的谓语动词有表示程度 方式等副词作状语 可把从句缩略为 副词 现在分词 结构作定语 置于 所修饰的词前面 副词和现在分词用连字符连起来 如 The peasants who work hard deserve such rewards The hard working peasants deserve such rewards This is a river which flows fast This is a fast flowing river 4 如定语从句中的及物动词带有一个普通名词作宾语 可把从句缩略为 名词 现在分词 结构作前置定语 名词和 现在分词用连字符连结起来 如 The south of Jiangsu is an area which grows rice The south of Jiangsu is a rice growing area Malaysia is a country which produces rubber Malaysia is a rubber producing country 5 一系列定语从句形容词在定语从句中作表语时 从句可缩略成并列形容词短语作前置定语 如 A person who is gentle lovable and familiar is always easy to get along with A gentle lovable and familiar person is always easy to get along with Marxism is a science which is living and developing Marxism is a living and developing science 6 如定语从句中的谓语动词与所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系 从句通常可以缩略成不定式短语 放在所修饰 的词之后置定语 如 He is a good person with whom you can work He is a good person to work with 7 根据名词或名词短语可作定语的原则 可以把定语从句缩略成名词或名词短语 用于修饰另一个名词 如 a house which stands on a corner a corner house a ruler which measures 50 centimeters a 50 centimeters ruler a garden which is full of flowers a flower garden a factory which makes small cars a small car factory 8 如定语从句中的谓语动词 have 表示 有 的含义 从句可缩略成 with 短语作后置定语 也可以缩略成 清凉油能 ed 作前置定语 如 people who have money people with money 或 moneyed people a girl who has blue eyes a girl with blue eyes 或 a blue eyed girl 主动式定语从句在以下几种情况下不通简缩 1 从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前 两个动作紧接着发生的情况除外 如 The man who gave us a lecture has left for Shanghai 2 从句中含有完成时态 如 Those who have done the work may go now 3 从句中含有情态动词 如 Do you know the woman who can speak four foreign languages 4 从句与所修饰的先行词被其它成分隔开 如 Not a single book can be found which has something to do with the subject 5 从句与所修饰的先行词之间有插入成分 如 Here is the man he said who sells newspapers 十 含状语从句的复合句转换成简单句 即将状语从句转换成状语短语 如 He can t come because he is ill 他因病不能来 He can t come because of his illness 他因病不能来 Turn off the light before you leave 离开前请关灯 Turn off the light before leaving 离开前请关灯 He went home after he finished his work 他做完工作后就回家了 He went home after finishing his work 他做完工作后就回家了 He was so angry that he couldn t speak 他气得话都说不出来 He was too angry too speak 他气得话都说不出来 He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam 他努力学习以便能考及格 He studied hard in order to pass the exam 他努力学习以便能考及格 专题练习 将复合句改为简单句 1 I hope that I will hear from you soon I hope from you soon 2 I wonder how I can go there I wonder go there 3 When and where they should build a new power station is a difficult problem for them When and where a new power station is a difficult problem for them 4 The teacher who is wearing glasses teaches us English The teacher glasses teaches us English 5 My father got up early so that he could catch the first bus My father got up early catch the first bus 6 The girl is so short that she cannot be a model The girl is short be a model 7 Do you mind if I smoke here Do you mind here 8 The girl who is dancing on the stage is my sister The girl on the stage is my sister 9 I think it important that middle school students should learn English I think it middle school students learn English 10 I feel that it is dangerous to play with fire I feel to play with fire 11 Marx found that it was necessary to study Russia Marx found study Russia 12 After his father died he left his home town He left his home town after the his father 13 Don t forget to turn off the gas before you leave the kitchen Don t forget to turn off the gas the kitchen 15 She won t go to see the play because she has lost her ticket She won t go to see the play losing her ticket 16 She went for a walk after she had supper She went for a walk 17 I could swim when I was eight years old I could swim of eight 18 He was late for school because it rained heavily He was late for school the rain 19 I don t know how I can answer the question I don t know the question 20 Please tell me what I should do first Please tell me first 21 He is so young that he can t join the army He is join the army 22 She works so hard that she can pass the exam She works to pass the exam 23 If you use your head you ll find a way your you ll find a way 24 If you don t work hard you won t pass the exam you won t pass the exam 25 The box is so heavy that we can t carry it The box is us to carry 26 The problem is so easy that I can work it out The problem is me work out 27 I can t pass the exam if you don t help me I can t pass the exam your 28 I saw that he was playing computer games I saw computer games 29 She heard that the boy cried all night She heard the boy all night 30 It seemed that he would catch up with others He seemed up with others 将简单句改为复合句 1 The problem is too difficult for us to work out The problem is that we work it out 2 Hurry up or you ll be late for the party you hurry up you ll be late for the party 3 The tree is too tall for us to reach The tree is tall we can t reach 4 The teacher asked us to come earlier The teacher asked us come earlier 5 The doctor put down the telephone and hurried to Jim s home the doctor put down the telephone he went to Jim s home as as possible 6 Don t play basketball here or you may break the window play basketball here you may break the window 7 He came late because of the bad traffic He came late the traffic was 8 He built a lab at the age of nine He built a lab nine 9 I can t finish the work in time without your help I can t finish the work if me 10 The water was too dirty for us to drink The water was dirty that we drink 11 At the end of the meeting his bag was lost He couldn t find his bag the meeting over 12 The teacher told us to do the experiment The teacher told us how the experiment 13 Could you tell me how to get to the station Could you tell me get to the station 14 She likes pork a little but she likes beef better She beef pork 15 Mike is the tallest student in his school in the school is taller than Mike 一 运用同义词 组 进行转换 用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换 注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应 如 1 That day we could see flowers everywhere That day we could see flowers and 2 The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school The teacher always the children well in the school 3 Some of us are good at telling stories Some of us in telling stories 二 运用反义词 组 的否定式进行转换 即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思 主要考查学生对反义词 词组的积累和换位思维的能力 如 1 It s clear that this visit is different from last time It s clear that this visit is not the last time 2 I think wealth is less important than health I think wealth is important than health 3 He lent some money to his friend His friend some money him 三 运用不同语态进行转换 即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词 但此时要特别注意时态 情态动词一致性 如 1 Everyone should give back his library books on time Library books should on time 2 It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today Computers widely in the world today 四 非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换 即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换 此时往往会涉及时态的变化 如 1 The manager left two hours ago The manager has for two hours 2 The film began five minutes ago The film has been five minutes 3 Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago Mr Li has the Party for twenty years 五 运用不同引语进行转换 即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语 此时还要注意相关时态 人称 动词 状语等的相应变化 如 1 I ve found my wallet he said to me He me that he found his wallet 2 Did you see her last week he said He I had seen her last week 3 He asked me where I had been these days Where these days he asked 六 运用简单句与复合句之间的转换 即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句 如 1 We didn t go out for a walk because it was raining We didn t go out for a walk the rain 2 He was so excited that he couldn t go to sleep He was go to sleep 3 Now I will show you how to do the work Now I will show you how do the work 4 You should put them back after you use them You should put them back them 5 She seems to be worried now It that she worried now 七 运用并列句与复合句之间的转换 即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句 如 1 Come on or we ll miss the early bus we hurry we ll miss the early bus 2 The man gave us a talk last week Now he will give us another talk this week The man gave us a talk last week give us another talk this week 八 运用关联连词连接或合并句子 即运用关联连词 both and neither nor either or not only but also 等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句 此 时要注意的是 both and 连接两个主语时 谓语总是用复数 而 neither nor either or not only but also 连接两个主语时 谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致 如 1 Tom can t speak Japanese well and Jim can t either Tom Jim can speak Japanese well 2 Alice has read the book and Peter has read it too Alice Peter have read the book 3 This store sells men s shoes and it also sells men s clothes This store sells men s shoes men s clothes 九 利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换 这类典型结构如 so that too to enough to not until so do I 等 如 1 Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating too Jim wants to go boating and his parents 2 John went to bed after he finished his homework John go to bed he finished his homework 同步训练 第一组 1 Sue doesn t like pears Ann doesn t like either them likes pears 2 That group of foreign friends came here three years ago That group of foreign friends here for three ago 3 Jim came to school earlier than any other student Jim is student to school in his class 4 Linda prefers apples to pears Linda apples pears 5 John saw that she was playing under the tree John saw under the tree 6 Do you have time this afternoon you this afternoon 7 The workers built the bridge in 1998 The bridge in 1998 8 Please take care of the baby while I m out Please the baby while I m out 9 Put up your hands if you have any questions if you have any questions 10 The teacher told us not to talk any more The teacher told us to 11 Kate asked Lucy could you do something for me please Kate asked Lucy could do something for me 12 I like football as much as Bob Bob likes football and I 13 If you don t hurry up you won t be able to catch the early bus Hurry up you ll the early bus 14 Have you got a letter from Kate Have you Kate 15 There was a strong wind last night strongly last night 16 All the clothes were either too small or too big for me of the clothes were the right for me 17 The worker cut the metal into pieces with the machine The metal into pieces with the machine 18 put your things away Mrs King said to the twins Mrs the twins to put things away 19 Work hard and you will catch up with your classmates If you don t work hard you ll your classmates 20 Man must do something to stop air pollution Something must to stop air pollution 21 He became a soldier three years ago He in the army for three years 22 Where are you from I asked the foreigners I asked the foreigners where from 23 The rain was very heavy last night It last night 24 It took me an hour to work out I an hour it out 25 She found that it s impossible to jump so high She found impossible to so high 26 I saw the boy swim in the river yesterday The boy was swim in the river yesterday 27 This maths problem is not as difficult as that one This maths problem is that one 28 The young man bought the bike for more than 200 yuan The bike the young man 200 yuan 29 The old man doesn t know which is the way to the supermarket The old man doesn t know get to the supermarket 30 I wonder what this is called in English I wonder what this in English 31 Mr Brown stopped drinking two months ago Mr Brown drinking two years ago 32 We noticed that he was standing at the school gate We noticed at the school gate 33 If you work hard you will do well in physics and you will do well in physics 34 It s three years since I became a middle school student I a middle school student three years 35 Jim has been to the park I have been there too Jim has been to the park I 36 Why don t you go surfing with us go surfing with us 37 He has been away from his home town for ten years It s ten years he his hometown 38 Kate wanted to know when her father could take her to Paris Kate wanted to know be taken to Paris 39 The problem is too difficult for me to work out The problem isn t for me to work out 39 Her father bought the car three months ago Her father the car for three months 40 It s good for your health to take exercise often exercise often can make you 41 I think music is more interesting than art I think art is so as music 42 There will be a football match in our school A football match will in our school 43 If you play basketball here you may break the windows play basketball here you may break the windows 44 This question is so dofficult that none of my classmates can answer it This question is difficult for of my classmates to answer 45 He left a week ago and isn t back yet He has been a week ago 46 He is the tallest boy in the class of the other boys in the class is as as he 47 I have lived here all my life I have lived I was 48 The town was able to build a school and a hospital after new China was founded The town build a school or a hospital new China was founded 49 Why not ask the man over there Why ask the man over there 50 Sam s grandfather died 10 years ago Sam s grandfather has been 10 years 第二组 51 I want to know how much your dictionary cost you I want to know how much you your dictionary 52 You d better speak English as much as possible better for to speak English as much as possible 53 Mr Smith is busy now He s writing a book Mr Smith is now 54 The maths problem was very difficult so none of the students could work it out The maths problem was difficult for the students work out 55 Huury up or you will be