重庆市2013高考英语 阅读理解临考训练（4）

1 20132013 重庆市高考英语 阅读理解 临考训练 重庆市高考英语 阅读理解 临考训练 4 4 及答案解析 及答案解析 It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech At some point in every speech every speaker says something that is not understood exactly as he has planned Fortunately the moments are usually not obvious 明显 的 to the listeners Why Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say They hear only what the speaker does say If you Lose your place for a moment wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences or forget to pause at a certain point no one will be any the wiser When such moments occur don t worry about them Just continue as if nothing happened Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech that don t really matter If you have ever listen to Martin Luther King s famous speech I Have a dream you may notice that he stumbles 结巴 his words twice during the speech Most likely however you don t remember Why Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speech making People care a lot about makings mistake in a speech because they regard speechmaking as a kind of performance rather than as an act of communication 交 流 They feel the listeners are like judges in an ice skating competition But infect the listeners are not looking for a period performance They are looking for a well thought out speech that expresses the speaker s ideas clearly and directly Sometimes a mistake or he can actually increase a speaker s attractiveness by making him more human As you work on your speech don t worry about being perfect Once you free your mind of this you will find it much easier to give your speech freely 72 The underlined part and the first paragraph means that no one will A be smarter than you B notice your mistakes C do better than you D know what you are talking about 73 You don t remember obvious mistakes in a speech because A your attention is on the content B you don t fully understand the 2 speech C you don t know what the speaker plans to say D you find the way of speech making more important 74 It can be inferred from the passage that A giving a speech is like giving a performance B one or two mistakes in a speech may not be bad C the listeners should pay more attention to how a speech is made D the more mistakes a speaker makes the more attractive he will be 75 What would be the best title for the passage A How to Be a Perfect Speaker B How to Make a Perfect Speech C Don I Expect a Perfect Speech D Don t Expect Mistakes in a Speech 4 答案答案 72 B 73 A 74 B 75 C 结束 第第 篇篇 The year 2009 is the Year of Ox The ox is a representative of the farming culture of China In the farming economy 经济 oxen are the major animals pulling plows 犁 Of course the good of oxen is not limited to plowing In fact they are seen as boats on land for their ability to carry loads Besides the whole body of an ox is full of treasures Their meat and milk are food full of nutrition and their skin can be used to make clothes and shoes With all these qualities oxen are regarded as generous creatures In the past oxen played an important role in the spiritual life of the Chinese Even today oxen still play a special part in some folk activities For example some people who live in southwest China will cook cattle bone soup and share it among family members when holding the ceremony for children who reach 13 They believe that the cattle bone soup represents the blood relationship among family members In order to express their love for oxen people in some other areas will run to shake off diseases on the 16th day of the first month by the lunar calendar 农历 and during their run they will take their oxen 3 along which indicates they regard the creature as human Because of the contribution of oxen in their lives the Chinese people are very grateful to the animal In addition the use of oxen in ceremonies and the thanks people owe to oxen help to develop various traditional customs which becomes an important part of the folk culture of the Chinese nation 语篇解读 牛年说牛 文章介绍了有关牛的一些民间文化 1 The words boats on land underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to A animals for taking goods B creatures for pulling plows C treasures of the folk culture D tools in the farming economy 解析 猜测词义题 由第二段中的 they are seen as ability to carry loads 内容可以得出答案 介词 for 是对前面作解释说明 为什么牛被看成陆地之舟 答案 A 2 From the third paragraph we know that A oxen are no more important today than in the past B ceremonies are held when people cook cattle bone soup C oxen are treated as human in some areas of China D people run with oxen to shake off diseases every month 解析 理解判断题 由文章第三段的首句以及最后一句内容可得出答案 答案 C 3 Which of the following helps to develop traditional customs A The special role of oxen in farming B People s respect and love for oxen C The practical value of an ox s body D The contribution of oxen to the economy 解析 细节判断题 由文章最后一段最后一句话可得出答案 答案 B 4 Why does the author write the text A To stress the importance of oxen in farming B To introduce the Chinese folk culture C To describe how to celebrate the Year of Ox D To explain how to develop agriculture with oxen 解析 写作意图题 由文章内容可知 作者是为了介绍有关牛的一些民间文化 4 答案 B 结束结束 第第 篇篇 Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall What do you think caused this change in colour It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields ComponentsComponents ofof SoilSoil Soil is made up of a number of layers 层 each having its own distinctive colour and texture The upper layer is known as the litter It acts like a blanket limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus 腐殖质 which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour This layer is usually rich in nutrients oxygen and water Below the topsoil is the subsoil a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock Soil forms from the bottom up Over time bedrock is attacked by rain wind frost and snow It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering Plants begin to grow and rotten materials enrich the topsoil Most of the soil in Eastern Canada for example was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12 000 years ago WaterWater BeneathBeneath thethe SoilSoil Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes ponds and rivers Once in the soil or rock it is called groundwater Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation 渗透 Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate As water percolates downward it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth SoilSoil pHpH Soil can be acidic neutral or basic The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it 5 The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil By burning fossil fuels such as coal oil and gasoline humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils When fossil fuels are burned gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels As nutrients are removed soil is less fertile Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil and also become easily attacked by diseases 语篇解读 本文是一篇科普文 介绍了土壤的构成与土壤的 pH 对于植物生长的影响 5 The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called A litter B topsoil C humus D subsoil 解析 考查细节理解 根据文章第二段中的 The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour This layer is usually rich in nutrients 可知给植物提供 必要营养的土层是 topsoil layer 答案 B 6 According to the text which of the following is NOT true A Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface B The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil C Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil D Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth 解析 考查细节判断 根据文章第二段中的 Below the topsoil is the subs