英语动词变化规则

英语中动词常见的几种变化规则英语中动词常见的几种变化规则 动词原形变单数第三人称形式 动词原形变单数第三人称形式 用于一般现在时用于一般现在时 1 一般情况加 s 注 以上括号中分别为该动词的过去式和过去分词 water waters watered watered sweep sweeps swept swept make makes made made set sets set set put puts put put work works worked worked 2 以 s x ch sh o 结尾的加 es watch watches watched watched finish finishes finished finished 3 y 前是辅音改 y 为 i 加 es carry carries carried carried study studies studied studied 4 特殊情况 have 变 has 现在分词变化规则现在分词变化规则 用于进行体用于进行体 1 一般情况下直接加 ing think thinking sleep sleeping study studying speak speaking say saying 2 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的单词 去掉字母 e 再加 ing wake waking make making come coming take taking leave leaving have having dance dancing ride riding write writing 3 以重读闭音节结尾 呈现 辅 元 辅 结构的动词 先双写末尾的辅音字母 再加 ing stop stopping sit sitting run running forget forgetting begin beginning 4 以 ie 结尾的动词 把 ie 改为 y 再加 ing lie lying die dying 5 以重读闭音节结尾 呈现 辅 元 辅 结构的动词 先双写末尾的辅音字母 再加 ing 例如 begin cut get hit run sit stop set swim fit dig forget 等 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则 过去式用于一般过去时 过去分词用于完成体和被动语态过去式用于一般过去时 过去分词用于完成体和被动语态 过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种 一一 规则变化规则变化 1 一般情况直接加 ed 如 ask asked askedasked work worked workedworked 2 以不发音的 e 结尾 只加 d 如 love loved loved dance danced danced 3 以辅音字母加 y 结尾 把 y 变为 i 再加 ed 如 try tried tried study studied studied carry carried carried 4 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词 以重读闭音节或 r 音节结尾而末尾只有一个 辅音字母 先双写末尾这个辅音字母 再加 ed 如 stop stopped permit permitted 注 注 A 以 l 结尾的动词 尾音节重读时 双写 l 如 control controlled 尾音节不重读时 双不双写都可 以 如 travel traveled 美 travelled 英 B 特例 picnic picnicked picnicked 去野餐 traffic trafficked trafficked 交易 在 通行 另外 还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的 需要熟记 见后 C 读音与说明 V ed 在清辅音音素后发音为 t helped liked finished fetched stopped clapped V ed 在浊辅音和元音后发音为 d believed changed planned preferred followed stayed V ed 在 t d 后发音为 id wanted needed admitted permitted 二 二 动词的 动词的 原型 过去式 过去分词 不规则变化不规则变化 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则 可主要分为五种情况 1 A A A 型 即原形 过去式和过去分词三者都相同 cost 花费 cost cost cut 割 cut cut hit 打 hit hit hurt 伤害 hurt hurt let 让 let let put 放 put put read 读 read read 2 A A B 型 动词原形与过去式同形 beat 跳动 beat beaten 3 A B B 型 即过去式 过去分词相同 bring brought brought think thought thought buy bought bought fight fought fought build built built lend lent lent send sent sent spend spent spent catch caught caught teach taught taught keep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept tell told told sell sold sold learn learnt learnt smell smelt smelt spell spelt spelt feel felt felt mean meant meant say said said pay paid paid lay laid laid hear heard heard meet met met get got got sit sat sat find found found hold held held shine shone shone win won won hang hung hung lose lost lost make made made leave left left stand stood stood have has had had understand understood understood 3 A B A 型 即过去分词和原形相同 come came come become became become run ran run 4 A B C 型 即原形 过去式 过去分词都不相同 1 be was were been do did done fly flew flown go went gone lie lay lain show showed shown wear wore worn blow blew blown draw drew drawn grow grew grown know knew known throw threw thrown show 除外 2 drive drove driven write wrote written ride rode ridden rise rose risen arise arose arisen break broke broken choose chose chosen freeze froze frozen speak spoke spoken wake woke woken 4 forget forgot forgotten 5 eat ate eaten fall fell fallen give gave given see saw seen hide hid hidden hid 6 take took taken mistake mistook mistaken