中考英语被动语态透析精练

中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练 Page 1 of 8 2012 3 28 I 被动语态基本结构用法解析 A 谓语被动谓语被动 一一 被动语态概念与结构被动语态概念与结构 语态 voice 是动词的一种特殊形式 说明施动与受动的关系 分为两种 主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示人物是动作的执行者 被动语态表示人物是动作的承受者 一般说来 及物动词才有被动语态 据其是否充当谓语 可析分为谓语及非谓语被动 被动语态由 助动词助动词 be 及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 构成 如 He organized the charity show 他组织了一场慈善义演 主动语态 The charity show was organized by him 这场义演是他组织的 被动语态 二二 主动语态与被动语态的变换主动语态与被动语态的变换 口诀 宾变主提前 主变宾 by 后 动词用 be done 时态源不变 The strange seller collected thousands of computer mice 主语 谓语 宾语 Thousands of computer mice were collected by the strange seller 宾语变主语 be 过去分词 主语变为 by 的宾语 三 语态的时态性语态的时态性 被动语态的时态变化及疑问式和否定式的变化只改变 be 的形式 过去分词部分不变 1 一般现在时 They sell CD ROMs in this shop 2 一般过去时 They chose me to be the host 3 一般将来时 China will hold the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing 4 过去将来时 Miyoko said they would send the camera to her 5 现在完成时 Man hasn t visited the moon 6 过去完成时 Millie had prepared a speech 7 现在进行时 People are cutting down a lot of trees 8 过去进行时 They were building the bridge 9 情态助动词 We must send her to hospital right away 四四 by sb 之变异之变异 by 后引出的动作施动者可人亦可为物 by 本身也可能变用其它介词 视惯用搭配而定 1 It is known to everyone 2 He is beloved of his students 3 Messages are sent by satellites 4 He was hit by a fast moving car 5 Mountains are covered by forests 6 Macao has been taken back byby China China 7 Messages can be sent through emails 8 Satellites have been sent into space byby manymany countries countries 9 The window was broken by Jim with a stone an axe a hammer 10 It s covered filled crowded decorated polluted fed up with 五五 主动宾结构的被动主动宾结构的被动 They set up the stage Nancy Jackon designed that CD ROM We will invite lots of pop stars to the show 六六 双宾语动词的被动双宾语动词的被动 give ask tell show buy pass hand get offer provide lend borrow 1 He showed me the photo 2 He wrote an email to me 3 She gave me a dictionary 4 They told me about it 5 Mother bought her a sweater 6 Jim told me a story 7 They asked her where she lived 七七 宾补结构的被动 宾补结构的被动 1 They told allowed asked encouraged chose warned me not to go alone I was told allowed asked encouraged chose warned not to go alone 2 She kept me waiting for two hours 3 He colored the picture green 4 They made chose elected her monitor of the class 5 We find it useful to learn foreign languages 6 He found a purse lying on the ground 7 Mother found Tom to be a clever boy 8 We regarded him as a wise leader 9 They choose Mellie to be the host of the show 中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练 Page 2 of 8 2012 3 28 10 The heavy snow stopped us from getting there in time 11 turn A into B change A into B make A into B put A into B pour A into B He is making the paper into a paper bird 八八 补补 to 型动词的被动语态型动词的被动语态 A make have let help sb do sth sb be made to do sth 1 The boss made the workers work twelve hours a day 2 The conductor made the boy give the seat to 3 They didn t let him go Or B see sb do doing sth sb be seen to do doing sth see watch hear listen to notice observe feel find 1 I saw him enter the store 2 I see him playing the violin 3 I saw them kill the elephant Killing 4 I hear the girl sing the pop song Singing 5 I found someone stole my bike the night before last C want tell would like ask order wish encourage like allow advise expect warn choose ask sb to do sth sb be asked to do sth 九九 据说型被动语态据说型被动语态 1 People say lots of buildings were destroyed in the earthquake 2 The radio reports that lots of money has been raised to help people in need in Sichuan 3 They thought that the charity was a great success 4 Scientists believe that dinosaurs haven t disappeared but become birds 5 We think it difficult to send up satellites into space 十十 get 过去分词的被动语态过去分词的被动语态 1 He got killed in the car accident 2 They got married in the year 2000 3 He got lost in the city of Toronto 4 The boy is too young to get dressed 5 He got hurt in the Aussie rules football game 6 The house got burnt yesterday 7 I will lend you an umbrella so that you won t get wet in the rain 十一十一 动词动词 介词介词 副词的动词短语的被动语态 副词的动词短语的被动语态 逻辑搭配的需要 介词不能弃省 1 The pen is used for writing with 2 The talk was listened to by everyone 3 The ice is thick enough for people to skate on 4 He is looked at every day 5 Patients should be taken good care of 6 The house is used to live in 十二十二 语态变换中的分立与合并语态变换中的分立与合并 主要是不定代词的同义分解与合并 主动句否定句中宾语是 anything anybody 等时 变被动句时合并为 nothing nobody 等 主动句中主语是 nothing nobody 变被动句时分解为 not anything not anybody 等 1 People haven t done anything to stop the pollution 2 Nothing has been done to help them 3 Nohody can solve the problem 4 Nothing could stop them from surfing 十三十三 被动语态中介词的添加和提前问题被动语态中介词的添加和提前问题 1 Who cleaned the classroom 2 Smoke filled the dining room 3 A piece of cloth covered the motorbike 4 People crowded in the room 十四十四 多动词主动句的被动语态 多动词主动句的被动语态 不论是简单句 并列句 复合句 需全部变成被动语态 不论是简单句 并列句 复合句 需全部变成被动语态 1 Someone taught him French and gave him a dictionary 2 We can turn solids into liquids if we raise their temperature high enough 3 He found the book which he had lost and returned it to the library at once 中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练 Page 3 of 8 2012 3 28 B 非谓语被动非谓语被动 一一 定语型被动定语型被动 1 He likes reading novels by Ling Yutang write 2 I bought a CD ROM by Mancy Jackson design 3 There lived lots of survivors in the earthquake save 二二 宾补型被动宾补型被动 A 动词不定式动词不定式 do 作宾补时作宾补时 do done make have let help sb do sth make have let help sth done 1 He had someone cut his hair 2 He had someone take his pictures in the park yesterday 3 I will have someone repair my tape record 4 You had better not put your car here 5 You should try to make others understand you B 动词不定式动词不定式 do doing 作宾补时作宾补时 do done doing being done see watch hear listen to notice observe feel find see sb do doing sth see sth done being done 1 I saw them kill the elephant killing the elephant 2 I hear the girl sing the pop song singing the pop song 3 I ve never heard the pop song in English by her sing C 动词不定式动词不定式 to do 作宾补时作宾补时 to do to be done want tell would like ask order wish encourage like allow advise expect warn choose ask sb to do sth ask sth to be done 1 He likes his car every day wash 2 I want the job right now do 3 He asked his room immediately at that moment paint 4 He asked his shoes before Friday mend 5 He has to take it away 6 He used to plant many trees 7 I m sure to finish the work on time 三三 宾语型被动宾语型被动 to do doing 作动词宾语或介词宾语时作动词宾语或介词宾语时 to do to be done doing being done 1 New inventions continue make 2 The chair is going paint 3 There are still a lot of trees plant 4 The trees stop the top soil from away wash 5 He tried to escape from notice 6 He went to the party without visit 7 Nobody enjoys at by others laugh 8 Do you mind like that treat 四四 动词不定式动词不定式 to do 的完成时被动语态的完成时被动语态 to have been done 表示动作已发生 表示动作已发生 1 She is sure to have been taught by a good musician 2 He is believed thought to have made great progress II 被动形式不表示被动被动形式不表示被动 A 形容词型被动语态 形容词型被动语态 被动语态形式的系表结构强调一种状态而淡化或不表示被动意义 1 The glass is broken It s a broken glass 强调状态 2 The glass is broken by Jim yesterday 强调被动 说明此状态是怎么来的 3 The horse is tired 4 His bike is lost gone missing 5 He is badly hurt in the accident 6 He is so frightened that he can t move 7 Don t be hurried Don t hurry No hurry Don t be in such a hurry 8 The sun is risen 9 He is dressed in a grey jacket 10 The door is locked 11 The shop is now closed 强调关着的状态 12 The shop will be closed next year 强调被关闭的动作 13 be excited about be interested in be worried about be surprised at be amazed at be moved by be satisfied with be pleased with be fed up with be bored with 14 be polluted with be covered with be crowded with be decorated with be connected with be filled with 中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练 Page 4 of 8 2012 3 28 B 过去分词形容词及复合形容词 过去分词形容词及复合形容词 已变成语法功能上纯粹的形容词 但仍隐含 被动意义 1 It s a broken umbrella 2 I ve got a well paid job 3 It s a homemade computer 4 It is well known to everyone 5 I gave him a well chosen gift 6 That was a worn out woollen coat 7 Many man made satellites 8 English is a widely used language 9 A worried woman rushed in in a hurry 10 The frightened boy was too frightened to move 11 There used to be a well kept city wall in the old days 12 The fallen leaves also keep the water from running away 13 The so called beach boys are much weaker than the serious surfers III 主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义 A 不定式作定 宾补 具有非不定式作定 宾补 具有非 by sb 的逻辑主语的逻辑主语 有时省略有时省略 1 I have nothing to do with your business 2 We have twenty more trees to plant There are twenty more trees to be planted 3 I have lots of clothes to wash He wants his car to be washed every day 4 The table is too heavy to carry 5 He has no place to stay 6 This kind of work is easy to do 7 I have got a letter to write 8 Please lend me some books to read 9 The book is difficult to understand 10 Have you got a key to lock the door 11 The dress is good enough to wear 12 The book is difficult to understand 13 This house is large enough for them to live in 14 We feel it important to learn English well 15 This ice is thick enough for them to skate on B 联系动词主动表被动联系动词主动表被动 be 动词 感官联系动词 look seem appear feel sound taste smell 逐渐 变得 变成 become grow get turn come go 保持 keep stay 1 The flowers smell nice 2 The music sounds beautiful 3 The bell sounds well 4 His wish has come true 5 The candy tastes sweet and saur 6 People often went hungry in the old days 7 We must keep quiet in the reading room 8 The piece of cloth feels soft and smoothy C read write wash open close shut lock sell wear drive ride cut develop cook act 1 The book sells well 2 The coat washes easily well 3 The food cooks easily 4 His meat looks good and sells well 5 The passage reads easily 6 The passage reads like a poem 7 The essay is smoothly fluently read 8 This pen writes poorly well 9 The window won t shut 10 The door safe won t lock 11 These glasses clean easily 12 The school opens at 6 every day 13 The cakes eat sweet and salty 14 The door locks easily 15 This material wears well won t wear D 某些不及物动词的主动形式可表被动 某些不及物动词的主动形式可表被动 表示人或物本身的功能和特征状态 happen take place break out belong to cost take fall begin start end last disappear 1 The film ended at about 5 30 2 The accident happened last year 3 The universe develops every minute 4 The meeting began at 6 00 in the morning 5 A car accident happened to him yesterday 6 The apple fell onto the ground 自己落下 7 The pen dropped onto the ground 自己掉下 8 The pen was dropped onto the ground by him 被人扔下 9 The flowers grow very well quickly in the garden 主动 10 Many flowers are grown in the garden every year 被动 11 Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years There have been great changes in my hometown in the last few years My hometown has changed greatly during the past last few years E 现在分词表示被动现在分词表示被动 be worth doing be in need of doing want need deserve require demand doing want to be done 1 The TV needs repairing to be repaired 2 My computer wants mending wants to be mended is in great need of mending 3 This book on computers is well worth reading buying 4 The problem isn t worth studying discussing further 5 The litter boy wants looking after taking good care of to be looked after 6 His idea sounds good but still needs trying out 7 My leather tennis shoes need mending to be mended 8 The book is printing 在印刷中 9 The mobile phone is advertising on TV every day 中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练 Page 5 of 8 2012 3 28 8B Unit3 4 被动语态被动语态 专项练习专项练习 一一 众里挑一单项选题众里挑一单项选题 1 a new library in our school last year A Is builtB Was bulitC Does buildD Did build 2 An accident on this road last week A has been happenedB was happened C is happenedD happened 3 Cotton in the southeast of China A is grownB are grownC growsD grow 4 So far the moon by man already A is visited B will be visited C has been visitedD was visited 5 A talk on Chinese history in th school hall next week A is givenB has been givenC will be givenD gives 6 How many trees this year A are plantedB will plantC have been plantedD planted 7 A lot of things by people to save the little girl now A are doing B are being done C has been done D will be done 8 Neither of them in China A is madeB are madeC were madeD made 9 Look A nice picture for our teacher A is drawingB is being drawn C has been drawnD draws 10 Your shoes You need a new pair A wear outB worn outC are worn outD is worn 11 The doctor for yet A isn t sent B hasn t been sentC won t be sentD wasn t sent 12 When this kind of computers Last year A did useB was usedC is usedD are used 13 The Great Wall all over the world A knowsB knewC is knownD was known 14 I in summer A bornB was bornC have been bornD am born 15 He says that Mr Zhang to the factory next week A is sentB would sendC was sentD will be sent 16 Who this book A did writtenB was written byC did writtenD was written 17 Mary show me her new dictionary A has asked toB was asked toC is askedD asks to 18 A story by Granny yesterday A was told usB was told to us C is told usD told us 19 The monkey was seen off the tree A jumpB jumpsC jumpedD to jump 20 The school bag behind the chair A putsB can be putC can be putted D can put 21 Older people well A looks after B must be looked after C must look after D looked after 22 Our teacher carefully A should be listened to B should be listenC be listenedD islistened 中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练 Page 6 of 8 2012 3 28 二 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空二 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空 请注意时态和语态两个方面请注意时态和语态两个方面 1 It s said 据说 that the long bridge build in two months 2 Where to have the meeting discuss now 3 Which language the most widely speak in the world 4 The lost boy not find so far 5 Last year a large number of trees cut down 6 The students often tell to take care of their desks and chairs 7 The old man is ill He must send to the hospital 8 Vegetables eggs and fruits sell in this shop 9 What knives make of They make of metal 金属 and wood 10 Can the magazine take out of the library 11 The room clean by me every day 12 The stars can t see in the daytime 13 Some flowers water by Li Ming already 14 This kind of shoes sell well 15 How long your uncle be in the city 16 you see the film yet Yes I see it last week 17 The food smell delicious 18 Look Someone dance 19 The students often tell to take care of their desks and chairs 20 That play put on again sometime next month 21 The old man is ill He must send to the hospital 22 Vegetables eggs and fruits sell in this shop 23 What a knife make of It make of metal and wood 24 A Piano concert give here last Friday 25 the magazine can take out of the library 26 The room clean by me every day 27 The stars can see in the daytime 28 Some flowers water by Li Ming already 29 These kinds of machines make in Japan 30 Apples grow in this farm 31 Russian learn as the second language by some students in China 32 Planes cars and trains use by business people for travelling 33 The cinema bulid in 1985 34 The bike must not put here 35 A beautiful horse draw by John next day 36 This kind of machine can made by uncle Wang 37 Mr Green open two new school 38 The PLA found on August 1st 1927 39 By the time he was ten the boy learn English and French 40 How long your uncle be in the city 41 you see the film yet Yes I see it last week 42 Uncle Wang live here since 1980 43 Listen Someone sing 44 Tom not have breakfast yesterday morning 中考英语被动语态透析精练中考英语被动语态透析精练 Page 7 of 8 2012 3 28 三 按要求改写为主被动语态 一空一词 三 按要求改写为主被动语态 一空一词 1 Is tea grown in South China 改为主动语态 people tea in South China 2 I am given a birthday present by my parents every year 同义句转换 A birthday present by my parents every year 3 The work is going to be finished in two days 对划线提问 How the work going to be finished 4 The children will sing an English song 改为被动语态 An English song by the children 5 You needn t do it now It by you now 6 People use metal for making machines Metal making machines 7 He made me do that for him I that for him 8 They are watching the football match 月 The football match by them 9 Did they build a bridge here a year ago a bridge here by them a year ago 10 They have sold out the light green dresses The light green dresses out 11 We call the game Lianliankan The game Lianliankan by us 12 We can finish the work in two days The work in two days 13 They produce silk in Suzhou Silk in Suzhou 14 The children will sing an English song An English song by the children 15 You needn t do it now It by you now 16 Lucy sent me a New Year Card last week A New Year Card her by me last week 17 Peole use metal for making machines Metal for making machines 18 He made me do that for him I that for him 19 I have given this book to the library This book to the library 20 Did they build a bridge here a year ago a bridge here by them a year ago 21 We ll put on an English play in our school An English play on in our school 22 More and more farmers buy colour TV sets Colour TV sets more and more farmers 23 My brother often mends his watch His watch by my brother 24 We must water the flowers every day The flowers must by us every day 25 They use knives for cutting things Knives for cutting things 26 He