计算机专业英语作业及答案

计算机专业英语作业答案 供参考 计算机专业英语作业答案 供参考 计算机专业英语作业计算机专业英语作业 1 第第 1 3 章作业章作业 一 一 Vocabulary 词汇词汇 一 Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese 写出下列词组的汉语汉语 1 central processing unit CPU 中央处理器 2 title bar 标题栏 3 operating system 操作系统 4 personal computer 个人计算机 5 menu bar 菜单栏 6 desk publishing 桌面排版 7 electronic spreadsheet 电子表格 8 hard disk 硬盘 9 database 数据库 10 Cursor 光标 二 Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations 根据汉语写出相应的 英语缩写英语缩写 1 随机存储器 RAM 2 只读存储器 ROM 3 传输控制协议 TC P 4 数字视频光盘 DVD 5 通用串行总线 USB 6 计算机辅助设计 CAD 7 计算机辅助制造 CAM 8 中央处理器 CPU 三 Translate the following Chinese into English 根据汉语写出相应的英语英语 1 键盘 keybord 2 鼠标 mouse 3 扫描仪 scanner 4 打印机 printer 5 输入 input 6 输出 output 7 显示器 monitor 8 存储器 storage 9 数据库 database 10 操作系统 operating system 11 应用软件 application software 12 字处理器 word processor 13 网络浏览器 web browser 二 二 Tell whether the following statements are true T or false F 判断正误 判断正误 1 As soon as you turn the computer off the contents of RAM will disappear 2 Windows XP is Microsoft s most advanced desktop operating system 3 Software can be divided into two general classes system software and application software 4 Microsoft Word XP is a member of Microsoft office 2000 5 Application software also called end user program is designed to perform a specific function directly for the user 6 Without systems software application software in a computer is useless 7 WinZip WinRAR and Microsoft s Internet Explorer are all data compression software 8 Word doesn t have the feature to accessing to World Wide Web 9 Menu bar displays the names of the application and document 10 Microsoft Word can help you design and manipulate spreadsheet electronically 三 三 Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column 将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹 配 配 一 1 central processing unit CPU a 操作系统 2 hardwareb 输入 3 RAM random access memory c 只读存储器 4 ROM read only memory d 应用软件 5 input e 中央处理器 6 output f 系统软件 7 operating system g 硬件 8 application software h 随机存储器 9 system software i 内存 10 memory j 输出 1 e 6 j 2 g 7 a 3 h 8 d 4 c 9 f 5 b 10 i 二 1 binary systemaan input device 2 printerba compression software 3 Microsoft Wordcan operating system 4 Winzipd a numbering system based on the digits 0 and 1 5 Internet Explorere a part of Microsoft word interface 6 mousefan electronic spreadsheet 7 Microsoft Excellgan output device 8 DOSha word processor 9 title baria web browser 1 d 6 a 2 g 7 f 3 h 8 c 4 b 9 e 5 i 四 四 Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below and change the form where necessary 从下面 从下面方框中方框中选择合适的词或选择合适的词或 表达 以其适当的形式填空 表达 以其适当的形式填空 1 The central processing unit CPU is the heart of the computer systems Among other things its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers The CPU is the most complex computer system component responsible for directing most of the computer system activities based on the instructions provided As one computer generation has evolved to the next the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller while its speed and capacity have increased tremendously Indeed these changes have resulted in microcomputers that component heart result in speed determine are small enough to fit on your desk or your lap 2 Word processor Spreadsheet Database are all application software Word processor a special program can enable a computer user to create a dobument store it on a disk display it on a screen even print it on a printer The software such as Microsoft Word WPS StarOffice are word processors Spreadsheet is different from a simple table for whose value have predefined relationship to each other and each of them sits in a cell Among the spreadsheet applications lotus 1 2 3 and Microsoft Excel are the most famous To access information from a database the computer user need a DBMS database management system 3 Microsoft Word XP is the current Window version of Word and documents created in Word XP can be easily incorporated into Excel Power Point and Access files In the interface of Word the title bar displays the name of the current application and name of the current document the menu bar lists the names of the menus available the toolbar gives the user quick access to frequently used editing functions the ruler enables the user to change left and right margin 五 五 Translation 翻译 翻译 一 一 Translate the following sentences into Chinese 将下列句子翻译成汉语 将下列句子翻译成汉语 1 Most microcomputer printers print one character at a time usually at rates varying from 30 to perhaps 180 characters per seconds 大多数的微型计算机打印机一次打印一个字符 通常以每秒 30 180 个字符的速度打印 2 Windows XP has a wide range of entertainment features and multimedia support designed to fully integrate digital media into the PC Windows XP 具有很多娱乐性能 并支持多媒体技术 将数字媒体集成于 PC 之中 3 An application software is any program designed to perform a specific function directly for the user or in some cases for another application program Microsoft Word printer DBMS database management system Spreadsheet disk cell value Microsoft Excel document margin standard toolbar ruler title bar menu bar incorporate into 应用软件是为用户设计的具有专门功能的软件 或在某些情况下 为另一种应用程序设计 的软件 4 A word processor enables you to create a document store it electronically on a disk display it on a screen modify it by entering commands and characters from the keyboard and print it on a printer 字处理器使你能够创建文档 并将它存在磁盘上 在显示器上显示 通过从键盘输入命令 和字符进行修改 并在打印机上输出 5 There are several applications called Web browsers that make it easy to access the World Wide Web two of the most popular being Netscape Navigator and Microsoft s Internet Explorer 有一些叫做网络浏览器的应用软件可以使我们访问万维网 其中两个比较流行的是 Netscape Navigator 和 Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 Spreadsheet applications are computer programs that let you create and manipulate spreadsheets 电子表格软件 有时简称为电子表格 是能够使你创建和操纵电子表格的计算机程序 7 Word offers many features including desktop publishing and access to the World Wide Web Word 提供很多功能 包括桌面排版和访问万维网 8 As you create a specific document such as a business letter or resume Word provides wizards which ask questions and then use your answers to format the document before you type the text of the document 当你要产生一个文件 如一封商业信函或一份简历时 Word 会提供向导 它先提出一些问 题 然后在输入文字之前 根据你的回答规定该文件的格式 9 Users often save their work frequently onto nonvolatile secondary storage devices such as diskettes or hard disks 用户经常在保存工作在非易失性的二级存储设备上例如磁带或硬盘 10 When editing in Word a user can change left and right margins with the Ruler 在 Word 中进行编辑时 用户可以用标尺改变左边距和右边距 二 二 Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese 将下列各段翻译成汉语 将下列各段翻译成汉语 1 The central processing unit CPU is the heart of the computer systems Among other things its configuration determines whether a computer is fast or slow in relation to other computers The CPU is the most complex computer system component responsible for directing most of the computer system activities based on the instructions provided As one computer generation has evolved to the next the physical size of the CPU has often become smaller and smaller while its speed and capacity have increased tremendously Indeed these changes have resulted in microcomputers that are small enough to fit on your desk or your lap 中央处理器 CPU 是计算机系统的心脏 一台计算机相对于其它计算机的速度是快 还是慢 除了别的因素外 CPU 的配置起着决定的作用 CPU 是最复杂的计算机系统设备 它根据提供的指令负责指挥协调计算机系统的全部活动 当老一代计算机被新的一代计算 机代替的时候 CPU 的实际尺寸往往变得越来越小 而其速度和能力却增加了许多 这种 变化的结果就使得微机缩小得可以放在你的桌子上或你的膝上 2 Personal computer software is based on specific operating systems and machines Operating systems software defines the personality of the computer by specifying the way in which programs are controlled files are stored and retrieved and how the system s hardware components are held together Software written to run on a specific PC operating system can t run on another To use PCs effectively one must understand the capabilities of their operating systems software 个人计算机软件建立于特定的操作系统和计算机 操作系统软件通过一系列措施定义 了计算机的性能 包括如何控制程序执行 文件如何存储和读取 系统硬件组件如何管理 等 基于某一特定的 PC 操作系统编写的软件不能用于其他操作系统 为了充分利用 PC 机 用户必须了解操作系统的特性 3 An application software also called end user program is any program designed to perform a specific function directly for the user or in some cases for another application program Examples of application software include word processors database programs Web browsers development tools drawing paint and image editing programs and communication programs Figuratively speaking application software sits on top of system software because it is unable to run without the operating system and system software 应用软件 又称作终端用户程序 是直接为用户设计的具有专门功能的软件 或在某 些情况下 为另一种应用程序设计的 应用软件的例子有 字处理器 数据库程序 网络 浏览器 打发工具 绘图和图像编辑程序 通信程序等 比喻的说 应用软件坐在系统软 件的上面 这是因为如果没有操作系统和系统公用程序应用软件将不能运行 计算机专业英语作业计算机专业英语作业 2 第第 4 6 章作业章作业 一 一 Vocabulary 词汇词汇 一 Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese 写出下列词组的汉语汉语 1 database 数据库 2 flat file database 平面数据库 3 relational database 关系数据库 4 data structure 数据结构 5 built in 内置 6 coding 编码 7 machine language 机器语言 8 Property Window 属性窗口 9 software crisis 软件危机 10 object model 对象模式 11 black box testing 黑盒测试 12 white box testing 白盒测试 13 Bug 错误 14 software maintenance 软件维护 15 Requirements Analysis assembly language and machine language There are different high level programming languages Fortunately most of them have many kinds of construct in common and vary only in the way that these must be written Therefore first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job 3 Software testing which is defined as the execution of a program to find its faults is a vital part of the software lifecycle There are different types of testing mainly they are black box testing or functional testing which tests whether the output is the expected result with the valid input and white box testing or glass box testing which is performed to reveal problems with the internal structure of a program Debugging is the process of analyzing and locating bugs when software does not behave as expected Software testing is a much more thorough means of identifying software bugs Therefore debugging supports testing other than replacing testing 四 四 Translation 翻译 翻译 一 一 Translate the following sentences into Chinese 将下列句子翻译成汉语 将下列句子翻译成汉语 1 A database system is a software system which can manage a database stored in computer files 一个数据库系统是能够管理计算机中存储的数据库的软件系统 2 Relational databases also have functions built in that help them to get sort and edit the data in many different ways 关系型数据库还具有 内置 的功能帮助其用多种方式获取 排序和编辑数据 high level language assembly language written machine language facilitate notation construct black box testing internal bug thorough reveal output faults valid white box testing 3 SQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to access the database at the same time and is a true client server database system SQL Server 被设计为允许数千用户同时访问数据库 并且是真正的客户机 服务器数据库 系统 4 During the last few years it has been realized that maintenance of programs is more expensive than development so reading of programs by humans is as important as writing them 在过去的一些年里 人们已经意识到维护一个软件比开发一个软件还要昂贵 所以人们读程序和写程序一样重要 5 Programming languages are designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers 程序设计语言用于使人和计算机之间的交流变得容易 6 Fortunately most programming languages have many kinds of constructs in common and vary only in the way that these must be written 幸运的是程序设计语言之前在结构上有许多相同之处 不同之处是它们书写的 方式 7 Some applications such as Word allow for several windows in a special mode called MDI in which you can open multiple documents within the same application 一些应用程序 如 Word 允许一些窗口使用 MDI 模式 使你能够在一个软件中打开多个 数据文档 8 For developing a software product the development process is divided into 5 stages Requirements Analysis Specification Design Coding Testing and Maintenance 开发一个软件产品 开发过程分为 5 个阶段 需求分析和说明 设计 编码 测试 9 Object orientation may increase productivity because OOA and OOD if done correctly result in products that are cleaner more understandable and easier to implement and test 面向对象方法可以提高生产效率是因为面向对象分析和设计 如果正确执行了面向对 象方法 可以产生出更清晰 更易理解 更容易实现和测试的软件 10 Functional testing tests whether the output is the expected result with the valid input 功能测试是检查使用有效的输入是否能得到所期望的输出 二 二 Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese 将下列各段翻译成汉语 将下列各段翻译成汉语 1 SQL Server is a RDBMS Relational Database Management System made by Microsoft This means that the data is stored in two dimensional tables RDBMSs all have tables called catalogs or dictionaries that contain information about the particular databases SQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to access the database at the same time and is a true client server database system It is much more secure than Access Rights can be assigned to individual users and administrators For example you can setup one user that can only insert data in the database but cannot delete any SQL Server 是 Microsoft 开发的关系型数据库管理系统 这意味着数据存 储在二维的表中 关系型数据库管理系统都具有被称为目录或字典的表 SQL Server 被设计为允许数千用户同时访问数据库 并且是真正的客户机 服务器 数据库系统 比 Access 更加安全 可以为个别用户和管理员分配权限 例如 您可以设置某个用户只能在数据库中插入数据 而不能删除任何数据 2 A high level language is an artificial language with which we can write various instructions This is possible not because computer processors are now so technologically advanced that they can understand these languages You should translate from programming languages into machine language which can be understood by the computer processors Compilers can accomplish this task This does mean that a high level language program is not directly executable it must be compiled to produce processor program which is executable 高级语言是一种人造语言 使用它我们可以写不同的指令 这成为可能不 是因为计算机处理器如今是如此的技术先进以至于它们可以理解这些语言 你 需要将这些语言翻译成计算机处理器能够理解的机器语言 编译器能够完成这 项工作 这就意味着高级语言程序不是直接可执行的 它必须被编译生成处理 器程序 这些程序是可执行的 3 Over the last few decades there has been a tremendous growth in information technology and its impact on everyday life Complex software systems have become critical to the operation of many systems in areas such as banking communications manufacturing power generation and transportation Progress in computer science and accumulated experience with industrial production of software have led to the emergence of software engineering as a separate discipline The software engineering discipline has been defined as the application of systematic disciplined quantifiable approaches to the development operation and maintenance of software that is the application of engineering to software 在过去的几十年间 信息技术有了巨大的发展 并且影响着我们每天的生活 复杂的 软件系统已经成为许多领域的关键 如银行 通信 制造业 电力 交通等 随着计算机 科学的进步和工业生产经验的积累 导致软件工程作为一个独立的标准出现 软件工程规 范已经被定义为 应用系统的 规范的 量化的方法开发 操作和维护软件 也就是说 使用工程的方法开发软件 计算机专业英语作业计算机专业英语作业 3 第第 7 9 章作业章作业 一 一 Vocabulary 词汇词汇 一 Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese 写出下列词组的汉语汉语 1 transmission media 传输介质 2 bus network 总线网络 3 management information system 管理信息系统 4 transaction processing 事务处理 5 decision support system 决策支持系统 6 Electronic commerce 电子商务 7 digital video 数字视频 8 credit card 信用卡 9 data warehouse 数据仓库 10 real time 实时 11 network permission 网络权限 12 computer virus 计算机病毒 13 email attachment 电子邮件附件 14 network security 网络安全 15 security patch 安全补丁 16 IMS Information Management Strategy 信息管理策略 二 Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations 根据汉语写出相应的 英语缩写英语缩写 1 局域网 LAN 2 广域网 WAN 3 万维网 WWW 4 超文本链接标示语言 HTML 5 文件传送 输 协议 FTP 6 传输控制协议 网际协议 TCP IP 7 开放系统互连 OSI 8 电子数据交换 EDI 9 企业与个人的电子商务交易方式 B2C 10 企业之间的电子商务交易方式 B2B 三 Translate the following Chinese into English 根据汉语写出相应的英语英语 1 星型网络 star network 2 路由器 router 3 交换机 switch 4 IP 地址 IP address 5 多媒体 multimedia 6 音频 audio 7 视频 video 8 图形 graphic 9 图像 image 10 摄像机 video recorder 11 黑客 hacker 11 防火墙 firewall 二 二 Tell whether the following statements are true T or false F 判断正误 判断正误 1 A WAN is a network that connects LANs and nodes across a wide geographical area 2 WWW provides access to a variety of Internet resources from different interfaces 3 The chief responsibility of TCP IP is to ensure reliable point to point connectivity 4 The main focus of MIS is the management function of an organization 5 Compared with simple non EDI based purchase EDI purchase is faster cheaper and convenient 6 A multimedia system allows end users to share communicate and process a variety of forms of information in an integrated manner 7 Data warehouse is a single source of information to understand different subjects 8 Data warehouse only contains current information 9 New antivirus software is always more effective in defending virus attack 10 Hackers sometimes can disguise themselves as internal users and attack your system undetected 四 四 Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column 将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹将左列的词汇与右列相应的汉语匹 配 配 一 1 MISa 局域网 2 HTMLb 电子数据交换 3 LANc 管理信息系统 4 FTPd 万维网 5 TCP IPe 企业与个人的电子商务交易方式 6 WWWf 传输控制协议 网际协议 7 EDIg 文件传送 输 协议 8 OSIh 超文本链接标示语言 9 B2C i 企业之间的电子商务交易方式 10 B2B j 开放系统互连 1 c 6 d 2 h 7 b 3 a 8 j 4 g 9 e 5 f 10 i 二 1 routera 音频 2 hubb 图像 3 switchc 集线器 4 multimediad 路由器 5 audioe 防火墙 6 videof 交换机 7 graphicsg 多媒体 8 imageh 视频 9 hackeri 图形 10 firewallj黑客 1 d 6 h 2 c 7 i 3 f 8 b 4 g 9 j 5 a 10 e 四 四 Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below and change the form where necessary 从下面 从下面方框中方框中选择合适的词或选择合适的词或 表达 以其适当的形式填空 表达 以其适当的形式填空 1 traffic facilitate network protocol message transmission packet destination TCP IP consists of two protocols It uses packet switching to facilitate the transmission of messages Packet switching divides message into small unites called packets Packets travel along the network separately based on the final destination and network traffic and other network conditions 2 convert transfer networking connect decision routine software package Management Information System connects all the components of an organization together It provides information support for decision makers These information is converted from data A well designed MIS can save time for routine tasks and speed up the transfer of information The four elements of MIS are people hardware software and data Hardware requirements often means networking while soft