2020年高考英语 三轮冲刺练习 阅读理解 二(15篇含答案解析).doc

2020年高考英语 三轮冲刺练习 阅读理解 二AThe baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital.She is quiet but alert(警觉).Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.She stares at it carefully.A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another,this time with the spots differently spaced.As the cards change from one to the other,her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focusuntil a third,with three black spots,is presented.Her gaze returns;she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card.Can she tell that the number two is different from three,just 24 hours after coming into the world?Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer?The same experiment,but with three spots shown before two,shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.Perhaps it is just the newness?When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb,a key,an orange and so on),changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.Could it be the pattern that two things make,as opposed to three?No again.Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three,or three to two.The effect even crosses between senses.Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two;likewise(同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.（1）The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the babys.A.sense of hearingB.sense of sightC.sense of touchD.sense of smell（2）Babies are sensitive to the change in.A.the size of cardsB.the colour of picturesC.the shape of patternsD.the number of objects（3）Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?A.To reduce the difficulty of the experiment.B.To see how babies recognize sounds.C.To carry their experiment further.D.To keep the babiesinterest.（4）Where does this text probably come from?A. Science fiction.B. Childrens literature.C. An advertisement.D. A science report.BIn 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy(识字) rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad. In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa. How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own cultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one. （1）Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women.（2）Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress_.A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance in literature（3）What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Victorian age. CWhere do you keep ice? In the freezer, of course.Thats what scientists might have thought when they were looking for a safe place to store ice from mountain glaciers from around the world.Theyve decided to store ice in Antarctica because global warming is causing some of the glaciers in places like the Alps to melt.Jerome Chappellaz of the French National Centre for Scientific Research is involved in creating an ice vault (地下室) there.He says: “We are probably the only scientific community whose sample (样本) is in danger of disappearing from the face of the planet.If you work on rocks or on tree rings, the raw material is still here and will be for many centuries.”And why do scientists need to study ice from the Alps, for example? Ice formed on the top of a mountain is made of snow accumulated over thousands of years.Trapped air bubbles (气泡) contain samples of the atmosphere that existed when that ice was formed.Ice is a record of climate.By examining ice, we know carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is higher now than in the last three million years.Researchers use this kind of data to build computer models and try to predict what might happen in the future.The ice vault will be housed in a snow cave at the Concordia Research Station, which is operated by scientistsfrom France and Italy.The ice samples will be sealed in bags and placed 10 meters below the surface, at a constant temperature of -50.This will put the scientists minds at rest.Losing the ice samples would be a disaster, and nobody wants to see a mine ofscientific knowledge lost forever in a giant pool.（1）What makes Antarctica a safe place to store ice?A.Its large mountains.B.Its function as a freezer.C.The abundant ice samples there.D.The absence of global warming.（2）Jerome compares ice with rocks and tree rings to state that _.A.its necessary to store iceB.its more valuable to study iceC.ice disappears very quicklyD.ice should be stored at home（3）What is the researchers purpose of studying ice?A.To learn about climate.B.To learn about the Alps.C.To trap air bubbles.D.To reduce carbon dioxide.（4）What do scientists think of storing ice in Antarctica?A.They consider it an easy job.B.Theyre not optimistic about it.C.They think it will cause disasters.D.They think its a reliable way.DOne of my wonderful memories is about a Christmas gift. Unlike other gifts,it came without wrap(包装).On September 11th, 1958, Mum gave birth to Richard. After she brought him home from hospital, she put him in my lap,saying,“I promised you a gift,and here it is.”What an honor! I turned four a month earlier and none of my friends had such a baby doll of their own. I played with it day and night. I sang to it. I told it stories. I told it over and over how much I loved it!One morning,however,I found its bed empty. My doll was gone!I cried for it. Mum wept and told me that the poor little thing had been sent to a hospital. It had a fever. For several days,I heard Mum and Dad whispering such words as“hopeless”,“pitiful”,and“dying”,which sounded ominous.Christmas was coming.“Dont expect any presents this year,”Dad said,pointing at the socks I hung in the living room.“If your baby brother lives,thatll be Christmas enough.”As he spoke,his eyes filled with tears. Id never seen him cry before.The phone rang early on Christmas morning. Dad jumped out of bed to answer it. From my bedroom I heard him say,“What?Hes all right?”He hung up and shouted upstairs.“The hospital said we can bring Richard home!”“Thank God!”I heard Mum cry.From the upstairs window,I watched my parents rush out to the car. I had never seen them so happy. And I was also full of joy. What a wonderful day!My baby doll would be home. I ran downstairs. My socks still hung there flat. But I knew they were not empty;they were filled with love!（1）What happened to the author on September 11th,1958?A.He got a baby brother.B.He got a Christmas gift.C.He became four years old.D.He received a doll.（2）What does the underlined word“ominous”in Paragraph 3probably mean?A.Impossible. B.Boring. C.Difficult. D.Fearful.（3）Which word can best describe the feeling of the father when Christmas was coming?A.Excitement. B.Happiness. C.Sadness. D.Disappointment.（4）What is the passage mainly about?A.A sad Christmas day.B.Life with a lovely baby.C.A special Christmas gift.D.Memories of a happy family.E“People are ruder today because they are rushed and moretime poorthan ever before,”says Patsy Rowe,“Manners have fallen off the radar(雷达).”Due to our strong attraction to electronic equipment it is a wonder more people dont wake up each morning and greet the singing birds with a complaint(抱怨)about the noise.Here are some examples of rudeness.Some people prefer to do almost everything over the Internet.To them,dealing with an actual human is like an evolutionary step backward.It feels very slow because humans dont work at 4G speeds.When you have dinner with friends,you will often notice someone paying more attention to his mobile phone.We have programmed ourselves to think that every new message brings life-changing news,so taking calls and checking our texts are more important than talking to the people we are with.What is worse,some people even tend to send anonymous(匿名的)rude messages by email.However, rudeness is never acceptable. Dont assume it is OK to be rude if the person youre in touch with wont recognize you. If you have something awful to say, have the courage to face the person and say it, write a letter or email and sign it, or forget it. Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting.We shouldnt blame technology for our shortcomings. Technology is here to help us, but we should not allow it to take over our lives. An important step is acknowledging our shortcomings. People spend a lot of time pointing out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if wed publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.（1）What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1?A. People can tell good from bad behavior.B. Radar is able to observe human behavior.C. People care little about their behavior.D. Radar can be used to predict human behavior.（2）Some people are less willing to deal with humans because.A.they are becoming less patientB.they are growing too independentC.they have to handle many important messagesD.they have to follow an evolutionary step backward（3）The author thinks sending unsigned awful messages is.A.ridiculous B.disgusting C.acceptable D.reasonable（4）What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.We should applaud good behavior.B.Technology can never be blamed.C.We should keep pointing out mistakes.D.Technology will take over our lives one day.FA new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops(笔记本电脑).Students are increasingly using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility(清晰度).But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught.Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes“mindlessly”by taking down word for word what the professors said.In the first experiment,students were given either a laptop or pen and paper.They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills.Thirty minutes after the talk,they were examined on their ability to remember facts and on how well they understood concepts.The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand.However,the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts.Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts.The researchers report said,“While more notes are beneficial,if the notes are taken mindlessly,as is more likely the case on a laptop,the benefit disappears.”In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory,students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture.This time,the students who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding,but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.（1）More and more students favor laptops for note-taking because they can.A.write more notesB.digest concepts betterC.get higher scoresD.understand lectures better（2）While taking notes,laptop users tend to be.A.skillful B.mindless C.thoughtful D.tireless（3）The author of the passage aims to.A.examine the importance of long-term memoryB.stress the benefit of taking notes by handC.explain the process of taking notesD.promote the use of laptops（4）The passage is likely to appear in.A.a newspaper advertisementB.a computer textbookC.a science magazineD.a finance reportGThe U.S. Department of Labor statistics (统计) show that there is an oversupply of college-trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there have been more than enough teachers, engineers, physicists, aerospace experts, and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out highly trained people to compete for jobs that arent there. The result is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require a college degree. On the other hand, there is a great need for skilled workers of all sorts: carpenters, electricians, mechanics, plumbers, TV repairmen. These people have more work than they can deal with, and their annual incomes are often higher than those of college graduates. The old gap that white-collar workers make a better living than blue-collar workers no longer holds true. The law of supply and demand now favors the skilled workmen. The reason for this situation is the traditional myth that college degree is a passport to a prosperous future. A large part of American society matches success in life equally with a college degree. Parents begin indoctrinating (灌输) their children with this myth before they are out of grade school. High school teachers play their part by acting as if high school education were a preparation for college rather than for life. Under this pressure the kids fall in line. Whether they want to go to college or not doesnt matter. Everybody should go to college, so of course they must go. And every year college enrollments (入学) go up and up, and more and more graduates are overeducated for the kinds of jobs available to them. One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college who do not belong there. Of the sixty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three years and then give up.（1）Its implied but not stated in the passage that _ .A.many other countries are facing the same problemB.white-collar workers in the US used to make more money than blue-collar workersC.fewer students will prefer to go to college in the futureD.the law of supply and demand has a strong effect on American higher education（2）Which of the following is NOT a reason why college enrollments go up every year?A.Many people believe that the only way to success is a college education.B.Many parents want their children to go to college.C.High school teachers urge their students to go to college.D.Every young man and woman wants to go to college.（3）By saying that“many people go to college who do not belong there”, the author means that _ .A.many people who are not fit for college education go to collegeB.many people who do not have enough money go to collegeC.many people who go to college drop out within the first yearD.many people who go to college have their hopes destroyed（4）We can infer from the passage that the author believes that _ .A.every young man and woman should go to collegeB.college education is a bad thingC.people with a college education should receive higher payD.fewer people should go to college while more should be trained for skilled jobsHHarvard researchers have created a tough,low-cost,biodegradable(可生物降解的) material inspired by insects hard outer shells.The materials inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic.The material,made from shrimp(虾) shells and proteins produced from silk,is called “shrilk”.It is thin, clear, flexible and strong.A major benefit of the material is its biodegradability.Plastics toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science during the 1950s and 60s.Decades later,however,plastics very durability(耐用性) is raising questions about how appropriate it is for one-time products such as plastic bags,or short-lived consumer goods, used in the home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade fo