101127文登-阅读导学.doc

2012石春祯英语阅读理解220篇选读Text 1Whether an atheist or a creationist, the most researched arguments will incline towards the same conclusion: people are inherently evil. Creationists who hinge the existence of man on the story as told by Moses in the book of Genesis must understand that, as backedby the same book, God created both good and evil. If the account of creation is to be believed, then the creation of evil is also to be believed as a premeditated design of the creator. Evil can then be said as created to exist with the other creations. When Adam and Eve occupied the Garden of Eden, they only had to choose between living in obedience or disobedience. In this particular case, obedience can be said to be good while disobedience is evil. If God knows everything, then he could be said to know that Adam and Eve would disobey. Why then did he not remove the evil part so they could live in obedience forever? The answer is simple: Mans evil part is his free will. Stopping a man from being inherently evil is the same as imprisoning the man. The level of this imprisonment does vary. Man did not become evil after eating the forbidden fruit. No, he was evil right from the dust. Mans free will is his tendency to choose evil when aware of the existence and consequences of both good and evil. What makes a man choose good ahead of evilis not his free will but things that aim to check his free will. These include morals, laws, religion etc. From the creationist angle, all people are inherently evil.From the atheists angle, the well researched conclusion remains the same. In the first place, nothing can be more evil than chance and evolution. In this case, survival depends on the elimination of the unfitfor the fit to survive. In an evolutionary society that is not evil, both the fit and the unfit will have the same rights and an equal chance to survive. But this is not so. Every inclination of the evolutionary man, whether conscious or unconscious, is designed to beat his fellow man in the survival game. What can be more evil than this? Is it robbery, murder, war, genocide or rape? None. They are all the unpalatable children of the evolutionary mama. The need to survive gives birth to them all. All people are inherently evil. Ifi amnot evil, theni havent faced the challenge to survive in an evil way. 418 words1 Creationism holds that _.A. evil exists in every person as a natural attributeB. mans evil part was elaborately designed by GodC. human beings were created to exist by the creatorD. good and evil were created simultaneously by God2 The author challenges the notion that _.A. Adam and Eve lived in the Garden of EdenB. Adam and Eve chose to live in disobedienceC. male and female were simultaneous creationD. evil originated from eating the forbidden fruit3 The author argues that good _.A. was produced together with evil by GodB. results from the constraint on free choiceC. a characteristic every person is born withD. is what every human being pursues in life4 The author argues from the atheists angle that _.A. the existence of God is out of the questionB. our destiny depends on chance and evolutionC. to eliminate the unfit for the fit is undesirableD. the inclination to win the survival game is evil5 The author primarily intends to show that _.A. all men are born with an evil qualityB. the need to survive brings about evilC. all men and women are created equalD. both chance and evolution are immoralText 2The effects of media on American society go hand-in-hand with the individual Americans moral duty to inform themselves and responsibly consume the media. One philosopher, Carlo Filice, argues that as Americans we, by definition, are living in prosperity. Due to our prosperous states it is our moral obligation to help those not as fortunate as ourselves. Filice argues further that, since it is easy to turn a blind eye to what we do not know about, it is our moral obligation to remain informed regarding international news, atrocities, and developments. Filice asserts that we have a wealth of information literally at our fingertips via the Internet, television, newspapers, radio and news magazines. Through my study of communications, the mass media and its effects I tend to differ with Filice. I think that his trust in the media is misplaced and I derive that opinion from studying the agenda-setting theory. The agenda-setting aspect of mass media is not difficult to recognize. Even by watching the CBS and NBC Evening News programs once for our assignment in this class the agenda of the media was obvious. I would like to hear a media effects scholar challenge Filice, especially considering that he is charging his readers to reorganize their lives in order to obtain this knowledge.Or perhaps Filice is right? Is the information presented by the media correct enough that a person could confidently send aid (money, food, manpower) to a country portrayed as in need? Maybe Im just a cynic and overly pessimistic in regard to media operations. That is a possibility, but I think its much more possible that the agenda-setting theory is alive and well and is shaping the minds of audiences as I type this. I bet even Filice is impacted.I think that reading Filices argument made me realize how blind most people are to agenda-setting. He was singing the praises of the availability of knowledge that the public doesnt take advantage of. Meanwhile, in this class, I am learning about how the mass media easily shapes the audiences priorities to fit their corporate agendas.I agree with Filice in that most Americans (myself included!) are shamefully ill informed. My disagreement with him, however, was just that it could be difficult to obtain unbiased information about much of anything, much less international economies and governments. We Americans need to be more informed and (to agree with Filice again) we need to help those who are so much less fortunate than ourselves in other countries. Can we do that with information provided by the mass media? As a result of my exposure to the agenda-setting theory Im not so sure.442 words1. Carlo Filice argues that Americans should _.A. make full use of various forms of mediaB. be well informed about international affairsC. acquire information by means of multi mediaD. help less fortunate people consume the media2. The author suggests that _.A. the CBS and NBC programs are beyond beliefB. the mass media help us become well informedC. the information we get from the media is biasedD. the media is somewhat distrusted or disbelieved3. The