高一英语Unit 1 Festivals around the world (1) 人教实验版知识精讲

用心 爱心 专心 高一英语高一英语 Unit 1 Festivals around the world 1 人教实验版人教实验版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 Unit 1 Festivals around the world 1 词汇 starveharmin memory ofdressawardadmire look forward toas thoughtake place happen 句型 either or 二 重 难点讲解 一 词汇 1 starve 1 v to cause a person or an animal to suffer severely or die from hunger 挨饿 饿死 e g Millions of people starved to death during the war 战争中数百万计的人挨饿至死 2 starve for sth starve sb of sth cause sb to suffer or long for sth greatly needed or wanted 使某人 得不到某事物而受苦或渴望获得某事物 缺乏 e g The homeless children were starving for love 这些无家可归的孩子渴望得到爱 3 to feel very hungry 感觉很饿 常用于进行时态 e g When will the dinner be ready I m starving 晚饭什么时候做好 我快饿死了 4 starvation n 饿死 挨饿 die of starvation 饿死 starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资 2 harm 1 n damage injury损害 伤害 do harm to sb sth idm 习语 harm sb sth 伤害某人 某事 The typhoon did great harm to the rice crop 那次台风对稻谷收成造成很大的损害 come to harm be injured physically mentally or morally 身体上 精神上或道义上受到损害 通常用于否定式 e g I ll go with her to make sure she comes to no harm 我要和她一同去以免她受到伤害 Do more harm than good 弊大于利 e g If we solve the problem in this way it may do more harm than good 用心 爱心 专心 如果我们以这种方式处理问题 那可能弊大于利 2 v cause harm to sb sth 损害或伤害某人或某事 e g This event didn t harm his reputation 这个事件没有损害他的名誉 I harmed my eyes by reading in dim light 我在昏暗的光线下阅读伤害了眼睛 3 dress 1 n C garment for a woman or girl consisting of a bodice and skirt in one piece frock 连衣裙 上下连身的 女装 e g She makes all the dresses for her daughter 她女儿的连衣裙都是她做的 U clothes esp outer garments for either men or women 衣服 男女均可 casual dress 便服 2 v to put clothes on sb oneself 穿衣 e g He takes ages to dress 他穿衣服要用好长时间 Hurry up and get dressed 快点穿上衣服 to provide sb oneself with clothes 为某人或自己提供衣服 e g The actress is dressed by the most well known designer in Paris 女明星的衣服是巴黎最知名的设计师提供的 to put on evening dress 穿晚礼服 e g Do you need to dress for the theatre 你去剧院需要穿晚礼服吗 dress up 穿上盛装 化妆打扮 e g Children love dressing up 孩子们都喜欢化妆打扮 We dressed up for the wedding 我们为参加婚礼而盛装打扮 4 award 1 n thing or amount awarded 奖品 奖状 奖金 e g She showed us the athletics awards she had won 她给我们看她赢得的体育运动奖 decision to give sth made by a judge etc 裁定 决定 e g the award of a scholarship奖学金颁发决定 C Brit money paid to a student at university etc to help meet living costs grant助学金 e g Mary is not eligible for an award 玛丽没有申请助学金的资格 2 v award sth to sb make an official decision to give sth to sb as a prize as payment or as a punishment 颁发 授予 给予 判定 e g The judges awarded both finalists equal points 裁判员判定决赛双方分数相同 5 admire v admire sb sth for sth 钦佩 赞赏 羡慕某人 某事 e g They admired our garden 他们羡慕我们的花园 I admire him for his success in business 我佩服他事业有成 用心 爱心 专心 6 in memory of serving to remind people of sb 作为对某人的纪念 e g The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist 这个博物馆是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的 7 look forward to sth doing sth 期待某事物 做某事 e g I am looking forward to seeing you again 我盼望再见到你 Mary is looking forward to a birthday gift 玛丽期待着一份生日礼物 8 as though as if 好像 似乎 仿佛 e g He looks as though he were ill 他看上去好像生病了 They behaved as though nothing had happened 他们装作若无其事的样子 本词组有虚拟语气的用法 请注意 二 近义词辨析 take place happen e g The accident happened at 3 p m 事故发生在下午三点 The wedding will take place on May 1st 婚礼将在五一节举行 辨析 两者都可解作 发生 happen 是普通用词 指具体客观事物的发生 往往带有偶然的意味 如果表示 某人 发生了什么或某事物发生了什么情况 用 happen to sb or sth 如 What finally happened to the boy 这男孩最后怎样了 Jack is telling the teacher what happened 杰克正在向老师报告所发生的事 take place 是按意图或计划进行的 没有偶然的意味 表示 war revolution 等事件的 发生 宜用 take place 这个短语还常用来表示 举行 这一意思 如 When will the meeting take place 会议什么时候举行 The October Revolution took place in 1917 十月革命发生在 1917 年 注意 两者都是不及物动词 词组 没有被动语态 练习 用 happen 或 take place 填空 1 He asked me whether the sports meet would the next week 2 What has to the radio 3 The Second World War in 1939 4 Great changes in my home town since 1980 5 If anything to him let me know at once 6 How did the accident 三 句型 Some festivals are held to honour the dead or satisfy and please the ancestors who could return either to help or to do harm either or 或者 或者 用心 爱心 专心 本词组可用于连接两个并列的成分 如 I want to visit either Paris or London 我想去巴黎或者伦敦 You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house 你可以住在饭店或私人的家里 Either you or I am wrong 不是你错就是我错了 当本短语连接两个主语的时候 要注意主谓一致的问题 这里应符合就近一致的原则 即谓语的单复数要与离它近的那个主语保持一致 如上句 be 动词的形式要与 I 保持一致 故要用 am 又如 Either I or you are wrong Either you or Mary is a student 符合就近一致原则的短语还有 not only but also 不但 而且 neither nor 既不 也不 如 Not only the students but also the teacher likes music 不但学生们喜欢音乐 老师也喜欢 Neither Tom nor you want to play basketball Tom 和你都不想去打篮球 模拟试题模拟试题 一 Multiple Choices 1 You can t recognize them because they A dressB are dressedC dress upD dress in 2 The celebration in the village before Christmas arrived A was taken placeB take placeC is taken placeD took place 3 He talked he were a teacher A in memory ofB as ifC take placeD look forward to 4 We are looking forward A to go to BeijingB to Beijing C to going to BeijingD go to Beijing 5 The headmaster awarded the first prize her for her picture A toB inC forD at 6 Not only Mary but also Tom and Mike teachers A isB wasC areD be 7 I admire him his honesty A toB in C forD at 8 A festival is often a famous person or a great event in history A for memory ofB in memory to C in memory ofD to memory of 二 阅读理解 Holidays in the United States usually occur at least once a month Most months have a national holiday that has been arranged on a Monday The holidays have all been decided to be 用心 爱心 专心 celebrated on a Monday so that the workers may have 3 day weekends that is Saturday Sunday and Monday in order to rest or travel or do things with their families Major holidays in the United States include New Year s Day Christmas Day and the day when we remember the first settlers 移民 of the United States called Thanksgiving Day In these holidays most businesses close and the workers stay at home and celebrate with their families Vacation can be from 2 weeks to 4 weeks a year This usually depends on how long you ve been working for a company what type of position you have whether you have a very high and important position and whether you can find someone to replace you In this case you might take a few days at a time rather than take one month all at once Usually the more time you spend working for a company the more time you may get for a vacation 1 The government of the United States makes it a rule for workers to have weekends A 5 dayB 2 dayC 3 dayD 4 day 2 Workers in the United States sometimes work from A Monday to SaturdayB Saturday to Monday C Thursday to FridayD Tuesday to Friday 3 Which of the following is WRONG according to thi