课题前测试卷+总部

中国教育学会十一五中国教育学会十一五规规划划课题课题 国家国家 英语课程标准英语课程标准 阅读目标校本化实施策略实验阅读目标校本化实施策略实验 课题前测试卷课题前测试卷 江西省南昌市洪都中学课题组 江西省南昌市洪都中学课题组 2008 10 Task 1 Read the passage and then finish the exercises after it to challenge your reading ability When people think about air pollution they usually think about smog acid rain and other forms of outdoor air pollution But did you know that air pollution also can exist inside homes and other buildings It can and every year the health of many people is affected by chemical substances present in the air within buildings What is Air Pollution Air is the ocean we breathe Air supplies us with oxygen which is essential for our bodies to live Human activities can release substances into the air some of which can cause problems for humans plants and animals There are several main types of pollution and well known effects of pollution These include smog acid rain the greenhouse effect and holes in the ozone layer Each of these problems has serious implications for our health as well as for the whole environment Outdoor Air Pollution One type of air pollution is the release of particles into the air from burning fuel for energy Diesel smoke is a good example of this particulate matter Some authorities believe that even the burning of wood and charcoal in fireplaces and barbeques can release significant quanitites of soot into the air Another type of pollution is the release of noxious gases such as sulfur dioxide carbon monoxide nitrogen oxides and chemical vapors These can take part in further chemical reactions once they are in the atmosphere forming smog and acid rain SmogSmog is a type of large scale outdoor pollution It is caused by chemical reactions between pollutants derived from different sources primarily automobile exhaust and industrial emissions Cities are often centers of these types of activities and many suffer from the effects of smog especially during the warm months of the year Another consequence of outdoor air pollution is acid rain When a pollutant such as sulfuric acid combines with droplets of water in the air the water or snow can become acidified The effects of acid rain on the environment can be very serious It damages plants by destroying their leaves it poisons the soil and it changes the chemistry of lakes and streams Damage due to acid rain kills trees and harms animals fish and other wildlife The Greenhouse Effect also referred to as global warming is generally believed to come from the build up of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere Carbon dioxide is produced when fuels are burned Plants convert carbon dioxide back to oxygen but the release of carbon dioxide from human activities is higher than the world s plants can process The situation is made worse since many of the earth s forests are being removed and plant life is being damaged by acid rain Thus the amount of carbon dioxide in the air is continuing to increase This buildup acts like a blanket and traps heat close to the surface of our earth Changes of even a few degrees will affect us all through changes in the climate and even the possibility that the polar ice caps may melt One of the consequences of polar ice cap melting would be a rise in global sea level resulting in widespread coastal flooding Pollution also needs to be considered inside our homes offices and schools Some of these pollutants can be created by indoor activities such as smoking and cooking In the United States people spend about 80 90 of our time inside buildings and so our exposure to harmful indoor pollutants can be serious It is therefore important to consider both indoor and outdoor air pollution Indoor Air Pollution Many people spend large part of time indoors as much as 80 90 of their lives We work study eat drink and sleep in enclosed environments where air circulation may be restricted For these reasons some experts feel that more people suffer from the effects of indoor air pollution than outdoor pollution There are many sources of indoor air pollution Tobacco smoke cooking and heating appliances and vapors from building materials paints furniture etc cause pollution inside buildings Both indoor and outdoor pollution need to be controlled and or prevented How can we prevent the damaging effects of air pollution 1 What is the topic of the first part The Air Pollution A The effects of indoor air pollution B The effects of outdoor air pollution C The features and effects of air pollution 2 What is the topic of the first part Outdoor Air Pollution A Different types of outdoor air pollution and the effects B Different effects of outdoor air pollution C The differences between indoor and outdoor air pollution 3 What is the topic of the first part Indoor Air Pollution A The seriousness of indoor air pollution B The different ways to prevent indoor air pollution C The introduction to indoor air pollution 4 What does the word release mean in the sentence Human activities can release substances into the air A replace B give off C take off 5 What does the word prevent mean in the sentence How can we prevent the damaging effects of air pollution A protect B invent C stop Task 2 Your friend Sam asked you to tell him something about LaoShe You found the following passage in a magazine Now you can read it and find the answers to Sam s question Hi friend Please tell me something about Lao She and his play Teahouse I m making a poster about him 1 When and where was he born 2 What did he write 3 How is he considered 4 When did he stay in London What did he do there 5 When did he write Teahouse 6 When does the story start 7 How does the story develop 8 What is the Lao She s Teahouse like today LaoShe and Teahouse 1 LaoShe wrote Teahouse in 1957 The play shows the common people s life in China between 1900 and 1950 It takes place in a teahouse in old Beijing and it tells us the story of Wang Lifa and his customers It asks us to see the teahouse as the centre of the neighbourhood Finally it says goodbye to old Beijing and its people 2 The story starts in 1898 during the Qing dynasty It continues in 1910 and finally it brings the audience to the end of Anti Japanese War in 1945 Then the government takes the teahouse from Wang and he dies 3 Lao She was born in 1899 He wrote many plays novels and short stories He was born in Beijing His parents sent the young man to the Teacher s School in Beijing and he learned to teach From 1924 to 1929 he taught Chinese to the English in London He was named a People s Artist and a Great Master of Language He was one of the greatest Chinese writers in the twentieth century 4 At LaoShe s Teahouse today waiters bring tea to the customers and sell th