医学英语词根

Suffi x Meaning Example acpertaining to 属于 关于 cardiac pertaining to the heart 心脏 病 的 alpertaining to medical pertaining to medicine arpertaining to molecular pertaining to a molecule 分子的 ary pertaining to belonging to ciliary pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的 纤毛的 毛状的 ase enzyme 酶 amylase any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶 cle smallness 小 少 贫乏 小气 follicle a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊 头发的 毛囊 ean instrument 仪器 auriscope an instrument for examining the ear 检查耳朵用的 耳镜 eal pertaining to laryngeal pertaining to the larynx 喉的 喉音的 iacondition quality phobia abnormal fear 恐惧 害怕 icpertaining to toxic pertaining to toxin 有毒的 因中毒引起的 ics study of name of a sciencepaediatrics study of children their development a nd diseases 儿科学 ine i n substance 物质 insulin substance hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans in the pancr eas 胰岛素 ism process or conditionalcoholism excessive drinking of alcohol which b ecomes addictive 酒精中毒 istone who specializes in 精通于 的人 pharmacologist a doctor who specializes in the st udy of drugs 药理专家 itis inflammation refers to a part i n 部位的炎症 rhinitis inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎 鼻粘膜炎 i u m relation to a whole related to 与 相关 endometrium inner lining of the uter 子宫内膜 ive characterizes by antitussive a drug that suppresses coughing 止咳药 lettiny smalldroplet a tiny drop 小滴 ment the result or product of an act ion development thing which develops or is being de veloped action of becoming mature oid resembling likemucoid resembling mucus 像粘液样的 ole little smallcentriole the small dense structure in the middle o f the centrosome 细胞中心粒 中心体 omatumor swelling refers to a do er dermatofibroma fibrous tumor of the skin 皮肤纤维瘤 or er either a person or thingreceptor a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stimuli 感受器 受体 ory characterized by pertaining t o suspensory which is hanging down 悬吊式 悬带 ose sugarfructose fruits sugar found in honey and some fru it 果糖 osis abnormal condition onychocryptosis abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲 ous pertaining to poisonous pertaining to poison also containing p oison 有毒的 分泌毒素的 som es bodiesribosome the body of nucleic acid 核糖体 um structure thing substance 结构 物质 magnesium a white metallic chemical substance 镁 金属元素 ycondition act processdystrophy disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良 The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes Suffix Meaning Example algia pain painful conditionarthralgia pain in a joint 关节痛 ase enzyme protease digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 blast embryo 胚 胚胎 人类胚 胎 hemocytoblast blast cell 血胚细胞 原始血细胞 carcin oma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相 关组织的恶性肿瘤 adenocarcinoma malignant tumor developing fro m glandular tissue 腺癌 cele protrusion distention 突出 膨胀 延伸 esophagocele abnormal distention of the esophag us 食管突出 centes is surgical puncture 手术穿孔 paracentesis surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration of fluid 穿刺术 capni a carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化 碳缺乏 cide killgermicide substance which can kill germs 杀菌剂 clast cellphagocyte cell especially a white blood cell whic h can surround and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞 dynia painglossodynia pain in the tongue 舌痛 ectasi a ectasi s expansion dilation 膨胀 扩张 atelectasis incomplete expansion of the lungs at b irth 肺不张 ectom y surgical excision or removal of gastrectomy surgical removal of the stomach 胃 切除术 edem a excessive accumulation of s erous fluid 水肿 myxoedema condition caused when the thyroid gl and does not produce enough thyroid hormone 粘 液腺瘤病 粘液水肿 emia blood conditionleukemia any of several malignant diseases where an abnormal number of leucocytes form in the bl ood 白血病 emesi s vomiting 呕吐 hematemesis the vomiting of blood 咯血 吐血 gensomething that produced or prouduces pathogen a microorganism or agent capable of pr oducing disease 病菌 病原体 genes is production 生产spermatogenesis formation and development of s permatozoa in the testes 精子发生 globi n protein 蛋白质 hemoglobin an iron containing protein produced by erythrocytes 血红 素 gnosi s knowledgediagnosis the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and exa mination gram image pictureelectrocardiogram a graphic record of the electric al activity of heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart disease Abbr ECG and EKG Syn cardiogram 心电图 graph y process of recording 记录过程 electocardiography the process of making or reco rding electrocardiograms Syn cardiography 心 电图记录 iasis condition state 情况 状况 cholelithiasis the formation of gallstones 胆石症 iatry iatrics healing frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复 常指医学的一个分支 podiatry treatment of foot disorders 足部医疗 lithstonecholelith a gallstone a stone formed in the gallbla dder 胆结石 logy the study of cytology the science study of cells 细胞学 logist one who studies and treatsurologist a physician who specializes in the practi ce of urology 泌尿科医生 lysis breakdown destructionhemolysis the destruction or breakdown of red bl ood cells with release of hemoglobin 溶血 malac ia softeningosteomalacia softening of bone 骨软化 mania extreme compulsion or preo ccupation 强迫症 kleptomania a morbid uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗窃癖 megal y giantacromegaly a condition in which there is an enlar gement of the facial bones as well as those of the l ungs 肢端肥大症 metry meter measurementspirometry measurement of the volume of air inh aled and exhaled or the air capacity of the lungs 肺 活 量测定 法 呼吸量测定 法 odyni a paincardiodynia pain in the heart region 心痛 胸痛 onehormone 荷尔蒙 激素 parathormone which regulates calcium balance a mong the blood bones and teeth 甲状旁腺激素 opia a defect in the eye 眼睛的毛 病 myopia being short sighted 近视 opsy to viewbiopsy excision of live tissue for microscopic dia gnosis 活检 osis morbid condition 病态的 sclerosis abnormal hardening 硬化症 osmia smellanosmia loss of the sense of smell 嗅觉丧失 ostom y process of making an openin g into or a connection betwe en 造瘘 gastrostomy surgical construction of an opening f rom the surface of the abdomen into the stomach 胃造口术 oxia level of oxygen 氧水平 hypoxia a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen i n body tissues 组织缺氧 pathy disease diseased conditionophthalmopathy any eye disease 眼病 peniadeficiencyleukopenia deficiency of leukocytes in the blood Syn leukocytopenia 白细胞减少症 pepsi a digestioneupepsia good digestion 消化良好 pexy a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 缝合固定 hepatopexy surgical fixation of a displace liver 肝固定术 phagi a pha gy eating swallowing 吃 吞 咽 dysphagia difficulty in swallowing 吞咽困难 phil attraction 吸引 具有吸引 力的事物 basophil type of leucocyte or white blood cell wh ich contains granules 嗜碱性粒细胞 phobi a fearxenophobia irrational fear of strangers 对外国人 的恐惧 憎恶 plasia formation developmenthyperplasia overdevelopment or enlargement of a n organ or tissue 增生 数量型肥大 phoni a voicedysphonia difficulty in speaking 发声困难 plasm formation growth or substa nce of formation cytoplasm jelly substance in the cell 细胞浆 plasty surgical repairosteoplasty surgical repair of the bone 骨整形术 骨成形术 plegia stroke paralysis 中风 thermoplegia heat or sunsrtoke 热射病 pnea breathingeupnea normal breathing 呼吸正常 平静呼吸 ptosis a falling the dropping or sa gging of an organ 器官下移 hepatoptosis abnormally low position of the liver 肝下垂 ptysis spitting 分散 melanoptysis spitting of the spleen 黑色痰液 咳 黑痰 poiesi s productionhemopoiesis production of blood cells 造血作用 生血作用 rrhag e rrhagi a bursting forth of blood 出血 menorrhagia very heavy bleeding during menstru ation 月经过多 rrhap surgical sewing or suturing splenorrhaphy suture of the spleen 脾修补术 hy rrhea overflowhydrorrhea watery discharge 液溢 o rrh exis splitting or rupture 撕裂 破裂 疝气 amniorrhexis rupture of the amniotic ac 羊膜破裂 sarco ma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue liposarcoma malignant tumor containing fat 脂肪肉瘤 schesi s a holding back suppression of discharge 阻碍 抑制排 放 uroschesis suppression of urine 闭尿 尿潴留 sclero sis a hardeningdermatosclerosis hardening of the skin 硬皮病 scope instrument for viewingstethoscope an instrument for performing medicat e ausculation 听诊器 scopy process of examining visuall y hepatoscopy examination of the liver 肝检查 spasm involuntary contractionangiospasm sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood vessel 血管痉挛 stasissuppression stoppage contr ol arrest 抑制 中止 hemostasis the arrest of bleeding 止血 止血法 stenos is abnormal narrowing of a du ct or canal 管 道德异常狭 窄 laryngostenosis abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄 stomy surgical opening to the outsi de of the body 造口 colostomy surgical operation to make an opening from the colon 结肠造口术 tentio n pressurehypertention high blood pressure 高血压 therap y treatmentphysiotherapy treatment of disease by physical m eans 物理疗法 tion processhospitalization the process of being hosipitalized 住院 tocia labor birth 生产 embryotocia abortion 流产 tome tool for incisionarthrotome instrument for cutting a joint 关节刀 tomy process of cutting into gastrotomy incision of the stomach 胃切开术 tropia turning 转弯 变向 esotropia turning inward of the eye 内斜视 troph nourishment or development of an organ 器官的营养 dystrophy disorder caused by defective nutrition or metabolism 营养不良 y发育 uria a condition of the urine 小 便 dysuria difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难 versio n turningeversion a turning outward 外翻 翻转 Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes Prefix Meaning Example a an without notaphasia the inability to understand written or spo ken words or to speak meaningfully 失语症 ab away fromabortion expulsion from the uterus 流产 ad to toward nearadnasal near the nose 近鼻的 acro a point or tipacronyx growing into the flesh 嵌甲 alb whitealbino a person lacking normal pigmentation 白 发病者 amb ambi bothambisexual bisexual person who is sexually attracted to both males and famal es 双性恋 amphi amph o both both sides amphicentric beginning and ending in the same v essel 起止同源的血管 ana up back againanabolism process of building up complex chemi cal substances on the basis of simpler ones 合成 代谢 Angio a blood vessel angioma benign tumor formed of blood vessel 血 管瘤 ante beforeantenatal during the period between conception a nd childbirth 出生前的 怀孕期的 anti againstantidepressant drug used to treat depression 抗 抑郁剂 audi hearing soundaudiometry science of testing hearing 听力测定 auto selfautoantibody antibody formed to attack the body s own cells 自身抗体 bi two twicebicellular two cells 两室的 bio living organisms 生命体 biochemistry chemistry living tissues 生物化学 brady slowbradycardia slow rate of heart contraction shown by a slow pulse rate 心动过缓 carcin carcinoma or cancer 癌 瘤 carcinogen a cancer causing substance 致癌物 cata downwards under against along with cataract condition where the lens of the eye gradu ally becomes hard and opaque 白内障 centi one hundredth 百分之一 centimeter unit of measurement of length one h undredth of a meter 厘米 co n with or together consanguineous blood relationship 血亲的 血 缘的 密切的 contra againstcontraception prevention of pregnancy by using d evices or drugs 避孕法 节育法 de removal or lossdecaffeinated coffee with the caffeine removed 脱去咖啡因的 deca tendecagram ten grams 十克 deci tenthdeciliter unit of measurement of liquid one tenth of a little 1 10 公升 di twodiglossia a double tongue 使用两种语言 dia through between apart acr oss diathermy process of treating through heat 透热疗法 dis reversal or separate disintegrate to come to pieces 分解 破裂 dys bad difficult disordereddysarthrosis deformity or malformation of a joint 关节变形 echo soundechocardiography ultrasonography of the heart 心 回波描记 超声心动描记术 ect ecto outside or outerecchondroma benign tumor on the surface of carti lage or bone 外生软骨瘤 en in withinenostosis benign growth inside a bone 内生骨疣 endo insideendocardium membrane which lines the heart 心 内膜 epi on overepidermis outer layer of skin 表皮 ery rederythrocyte mature non nucleated red blood cell 红细胞 eso inward within 向内 esotropia turning inward of the eye 内斜视 eu good eugenics study of how to improve the human race by genetic selection 优生学 ex exo out of exhale to breath out 呼出 extra outsideextracapsular outside a capsule 囊外的 hemi halfhemiplegia severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏瘫 半身麻痹 半身不遂 hydro waterhydrocele collection of watery liquid found in a c avity such as the scrotum 阴囊积水 hyper higher or too muchhyperglycaemia excess of glucose in the blood 高 血糖症 hypo less or too littlehypokalaemia deficiency of potassium in the bloo d 低血钾 in in or into inbreeding breeding between a closely related ma le and female 近亲交配 in notincoherent not able to speak in a way which make s sense 语无伦次 infra below or beneathinfrapatellar below or beneath the patella 髌 inter between interlobular between lobules 小叶间的 intra insideintramedullary inside the bone marrow or spinal c ord 髓内 itro intointrovert person who thinks only about himself an d his own mental state 性格内向的人 mal bad or abnormalmalfunction abnormal working of an argan 机器 等运转失常 失灵 出现故障 meta changesmetaplasia change of one tissue to another 化生 转化 组织变形 micro very smallmicrocyte abnormally small red blood cell 小红 细胞 mid middlemidcarpal between the two rows of carpal bones 腕骨间的 milli one thousandthmilligram unit of measurement of weight 毫克 mis error or wrongmiscarriage spontaneous abortion 流产 multi manymultigravida a woman who is pregnant and has b een pregnant at least twice before 经产孕妇 noct at nightnocturia passing abnormally large quantity of uri ne when asleep in bed at night 夜尿症 nona nine or the ninethnonagon flat shape which has nine sides 九边形 octa eightoctan every eight days 八日热 每隔八日发一 次的 odont teethodontology study of teeth and associated structur es and their disorders onco tumoursoncology scientific study of new gowths 肿瘤学 oro mouthorolingual pertaining to the mouth and tongue 口 与舌的 pachy thickeningpachysomia condition where soft tissues of the bo dy become abnormally thick 躯体肥厚 pali palin against pathologic repetitio n 病态的重复 palindromic disease which recurs 复发的 再发的 pan pant panto allpancytopenia abnormal depression of all the cellu lar elements of the blodd 全血细胞减少症 para similar to or near changed o r beyond paralyse or paralyze to weaken muscles so that t hey cannot function 使麻痹 使瘫痪 pen penta fivepentosuria excretion of pentoses in the urine 戊糖尿 per throughpercutaneous done or administered through the sk in 经皮的 由皮的 peri around pericystitis inflammation of tissue around the bla dder 膀胱周炎 pero deformed or defective 畸形 有缺陷的 peromelia congenital deformity of the limbs 四肢不全 phar maco drugspharmacology study of drugs or medicines and t heir action properties and characteristics 药理学 药物学 pleo pleio too manypleokaryocyte condition where a greater than nor mal number of cells in cerebrospinal fluid 多核细 胞 pluri morepluriglandular pertaining to or affecting several g