基础医学英语词汇

1 常见医学单词 常见医学单词 BSL Blood Sugar Level 血糖水平 anti coagulation 抗凝 CHF Congestive Heart Failure 充血性心力衰竭 constrict constriction 收缩 RBC Red Blood Cell dilate dilation 舒张 WBC White Blood Cell negative 阴性 Platelet 血小板 positive 阳性 Plasma serum 血浆 myocardium 心肌 Consciousness 意识 coronary artery 冠状动脉 Hypoxia 缺氧 ventricle 心室 Osmotic pressure 渗透压 atrium 心房 Colloid Osmotic pressure 胶体渗透压 blood supply 血供 Spinal column 脊柱 BT bleeding time 出血时间 Acidosis 酸中毒 Alkalosis 碱中毒 CT clotting time 凝血时间 Pulmonary edema 肺水肿 water soluble 水溶性 nerve 神经 fat soluble 脂溶性 Oxygen 氧气 pulmonary arterial vein 肺动 静脉 Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 elastic 有弹性的 Stomach 胃 tissue 组织 Gastric contents 胃内容物 aorta 主动脉 Risk factor 危险因素 exchange 交换 Flushed skin 皮肤发红 gallbladder 胆囊 Pallor 苍白 lung 肺 2 Dizziness 头晕 kidney 肾 Nausea 恶心 cardiac output 心输出量 Vomit 呕吐 peripheral resistance 外周阻力 Seizure 惊厥 systolic blood pressure 收缩压 Enema 灌肠 diastolic blood pressure 舒张压 Electrolyte 电解质 normal range 正常范围 Fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质紊乱 capillary 毛细血管 BUN blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮 circulatory system 循环系统 Blood gas 血气 release 释放 Hormone 激素 superficial 表浅的 Protein 蛋白质 blood volume 血容量 Albumin 白蛋白 bradycardia 心动过缓 Glucose 葡萄糖 tachycardia 心动过速 Hemoglobin 血红蛋白 valve 瓣膜 Sternum 胸骨 forearm 前臂 Rib 肋骨 breast 胸部 乳房 Liver 肝 armpit 腋窝 Spleen 脾 groin 腹股沟 Pancreas 胰腺 prevent 预防 Iron 鉄 bloodstream 血流 Calcium 钙 fiber 纤维 Magnesium 镁 acute 急性的 3 Sodium 钠 diarrhea 腹泻 Potassium 钾 Antibody antigen complex 抗原抗体复合物 Bone marrow 骨髓 myocardial infarction Transplant 移植 low grade fever 低热 Blurred vision 视力模糊 chill 寒战 Spontaneous 自主的 urticaria 风疹 Dysrhythmia 心律不齐 inhibitor 抑制剂 GI irritation 胃肠刺激 inflammation 炎症 Intake and output 出入量 angioplasty 血管扩张术 Hypokalemia 低血钾 normal saline 生理盐水 Hyperkalemia 高血钾 circulatory overload 循环负担过重 Hypotension 低血压 shortness of breath 气短 Hypertension 高血压 restless 烦躁不安 Antihypertensive 抗高血压药 rapid and thready pulse 脉搏细速 Headache 头痛 orthopnea 端坐呼吸 Urinary retention 尿储留 pallor cyanosis 苍白 Angina pectoris 心绞痛 chest pain central venous pressure 中心静脉压 Sublingual 舌下的 Fowler s position 端座卧位 Oral 口服的 Semi Fowler s position 半座卧位 Topical 局部的 dyspnea 呼吸困难 Calcium channel blocker 钙离子通道阻滞剂 diuretics 利尿剂 Mucosa 粘膜 impaired 受损的 4 Orthostatic hypotension 体位性低血压 pink and frothy sputum 粉红色泡沫样痰 Hypoglycemia 低血糖 yellow sputum 黄痰 Hyperglycemia 高血糖 blood streaked sputum 血丝痰 Hypovolemia 低血容量 mucoid sputum 黏液痰 Hypervolemia 高血容量 breathing pattern 呼吸模式 Preload and afterload 心脏的 前后负荷 sterile 无菌的 Dehydration 脱水 container 容器 Uric acid 尿酸 cool clammy skin 皮肤湿冷 Sign 体征 preventive 预防性的 Symptom 症状 bronchitis 支气管炎 Symptom free asymptomatic 无症状 pneumonia 肺炎 Monitor 监测 concentration 浓度 Constipation 便秘 barrel chest 桶状胸 Skin rash 皮疹 distended neck vein 颈静脉怒张 Heparin 肝素 external irritant 外界刺激物 Warfarin 华法林 endocrine system 内分泌系统 Hemorrhage 大出血 insulin 胰岛素 Therapy 疗法 absorption 吸收 Alcohol 酒精 reabsorption 再吸收 Anemia 贫血 shock 休克 Folic acid 叶酸 trauma 外伤 Allergic reaction 过敏反应 complication 并发症 5 Bile 胆汁 compensatory 代偿的 Bile acid 胆汁酸 Cholesterol 胆固醇 Obesity 肥胖症 Stuffy nose 鼻塞 collect sputum and blood specimen for culture and sensitivity tests 收集痰血标本做 细菌培养和药敏 COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 DM Diabetes Mellitus 糖尿病 Gestational diabetes 妊娠糖尿病 Ketone body 酮体 Ketoacidosis 酮症酸中毒 Insulin resistant 胰岛素耐受 Carbohydrate 碳水化合物 Mechanism 机制 机理 IDDM Type 1 insulin dependant diabetes mellitue 胰岛素依赖性糖尿病 NIDDM Type 2 non insulin dependant diabetes mellitue 非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病 Glucose Tolerance Test 糖耐量试验 Oral anti diabetic medications 口服降糖药 PVD peripheral vascular disease 外周血管病 Arterioatherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化 CAD coronary artery disease 冠心病 CVD cerebral vascular disease 脑血管病 Polyuria 多尿 Ulcer 溃疡 Gangrene 坏疽 Fatigue 疲乏 Blurred vision 视力模糊 Fasting blood sugar 空腹血糖 2 hour post prandial glucose 餐后两小时血糖 Hemoglobin 血红蛋白 Metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒 Respiratory acidosis 呼吸性酸中毒 Ketonuria 酮尿 Sweet breath odor 烂苹果味呼吸 Mental confusion 精神错乱 Slurred speech 说话含糊不清 Wound healing 伤口愈合 Renal function 肾功能 Renal failure 肾衰 Uremia 尿毒症 Creatinine 肌酐 Urea 尿素 6 Internal 内部的 External 外部的 Itching 痒 BUN blood urea nitrogen 血尿素氮 Carbon dioxide combining power 二氧化碳结合力 Urine gravity 尿比重 Bleeding tendency 出血倾向 Injury 外伤 Patency 开放 通畅 Bed sore 褥疮 Skin care 皮肤护理 Paraplegia 截瘫 Pacemaker 起搏器 Elevate 抬高 Pitting edema 凹陷型水肿 Sodium restricted diet 限钠饮食 Interstitial space 组织间隙 Extremity 四肢 肢端 Deficiency 缺乏 不足 Blood transfusion 输血 GI irritation 胃肠刺激 Pleural space 胸膜腔 Fluctuate 波动 Kink 弯曲 折住 Water seal chamber 水封瓶 Subcutaneous emphysema 皮下气肿 Airtight 密封的 Sharp pain 锐痛 Dull pain 钝痛 Burning pain 灼痛 Radiating pain 放射痛 各科室名称 各科室名称 medical department department of internal medicine 内科 surgical department department of surgery 外科 department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇产科 ophtalmology department 眼科 dental department 牙科 ENT ear nose throat department 耳鼻喉科 urology department 泌尿科 dermatology department skin department 皮肤科 orthopedic surgery department 矫形外科 traumatology department 创伤外科 7 plastic surgery 整形外科 anesthesiology department 麻醉科 pathology department 病理科 cardiology department 心脏病科 psychiatry department 精神病科 orthopedics department 骨科 department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科 department of cerebral surgery 胸外科 neurology department 神经科 neurosurgery department 神经外科 thoracic surgery department 脑外科 department of traditional Chinese medicine 中医科 registration office 挂号处 out patient department 门诊部 in patient department 住院部 nursing department 护理部 consulting room 诊室 waiting room 候诊室 emergency room 急诊室 admitting office 住院处 operation room 手术室 X ray department 放射科 blood bank 血库 dispensary pharmacy 药房 ward 病房 laboratory 化验室牤 Department of Nephrology 肾内科 Department of Chemotherapy 化疗科 Department of Radiotherapy 放疗科 Department of Endocrinology 内分泌科 Respiratory medicine 呼吸科 Rheumatology 风湿科 Hematology 血液科 Geriatrics 老年科 Neurology 神经科 Oncology 肿瘤科 Thoracic surgery 胸外科 Urology 泌尿外科 Neurosurgery 神经外科 Vascular surgery 周围血管外科 Gastroenterology 肠胃外科 Hepatobiliary surgery 肝胆外科 General surgery 普外科 Orthopedics 骨科 8 Cardiovascular surgery 心外科 Burns surgery 烧伤科 Hand surgery 手外科 Plastic surgery 整形外科 Pediatric surgery 儿外科 Obstetrics and gynecology 妇产科 Stomatology 口腔科 Ophthalmology 眼科 Infectious disease 感染科 Dermatology 皮肤科 Otorhinolaryngology ENT 耳鼻喉科 Nuclear medicine 核医学科 Psychiatry 精神科 Medical rehabilitation 康复科 Anesthesiology 麻醉科 Radiology 放射科 Ultrasonography 超声科 Pain management 疼痛科 Pharmacology 药理科 Internal Medicine 内科 9 常见护理英语常见护理英语 80 句句 一 一 Receiving the patient 接待病人 接待病人 1 How do you do Good morning 您好 初次见面时使用 早上好 2 What can I do for you Can I help you 您需要我帮助吗 3 I ll bring you to your bedside please follow me This is your bed 我要领您到床边去 请跟我来 这是您的床位 4 The toilet is over there 卫生间在那边 5 We supply hot water 我们供应热水 6 Please wait a moment I ll let your doctor know I ll inform your doctor 请等一会儿 我去通知医生 7 Mary is the nurse doctor in charge of you 玛丽是您的负责护士 医生 8 Please let us know if you need any help 您需要帮助时 请告诉我们 9 Smoking is not allowed here 这里不允许吸烟 二二 information collection 收集信息收集信息 10 Do you mind if I ask you a few questions 您介意我问您几个问题吗 11 We need some information from you 我们需要从您这儿收集一些信息 12 Is your tummy still sore 您的肚子还疼吗 13 Does your pain come on after or before meals 您的疼痛是在饭前还是饭后发作 14 Does it hurt to pass urine when I press here 排尿时痛吗 当我按压这儿时痛吗 15 Does your back ache 您的后背痛吗 16 Do your feet swell 您的脚肿了吗 17 Do you have a cough fever 您咳嗽吗 您有发热吗 18 Do you bring up any sputum 您咳痰吗 19 Is there any radiation of the pain to the shoulder 有放射 到肩部的 痛吗 20 How long have you had the pain 您的痛有多长时间了 21 When did the pain start where is your pain 疼痛从什么时候开始的 什么地方疼痛 22 Are your periods regular 您的月经规则吗 三 三 Physical examination 查体 查体 23 Will you please undress for medical examination 请您脱下衣服做体检好吗 24 Take off your clothes please 请把衣服脱下来 25 Lie down on the couch please Just lie still on the couch and relax 请躺在治疗床上 请安静地躺在治疗床上 放松 26 Bend your knees please 请屈膝 27 Open your mouth and say ah 张开口 说 啊 28 Beathe deeply please take a deep breath please 请深呼吸 29 May I examine your tummy please 我要检查下您的肚子 好吗 30 Roll up your sleeves please 请卷起袖子 四 四 Communication 交流交流 31 I am going to take your temperature Please put the thermometer under your armpit 10 我要测一下您的体温 请把体温计放在您的腋下 32 Let me feel your pulse 让我测一下您的脉搏 33 I ll test take your blood pressure 我要测量您的血压 34 I m afraid I have to prick your finger and take a drop of blood for blood sugar level 我要取一滴指血做血糖测定 需要刺一下手指 35 I ll take some blood from your arm now 现在我要从您的胳膊抽血 36 Don t take any thing by mouth after midnight until the blood is drawn tomorrow morning 半夜之后不要吃喝任何东西 明天早上抽血 37 Please bring a specimen of your urine stool sputum please collect your mid stream specimen of urine 请留一份尿 便 痰的标本 请收集您的中段尿 38 Please have your blood and urine tests done 请做一下您的血和尿试验 39 You are going to have a CT scan of your chest head today 今天您要做一个胸部 头部 CT 40 You are going to have a chest X ray this morning 今天早上您要拍一个胸片 41 You are going to have a B mode ultrasonic exam Please keep your bladder full 您要做 B 超检查 请留尿 使膀胱充盈 42 You are going to have an gastric endoscopy tomorrow morning Please don t eat or drink anything after 12 o clock tonight 明天上午您要做胃镜检查 今晚 12 点之后 请不要吃喝任 何东西 43 You are going to have urine catheterization now 现在您需要导尿 44 I m going to do an ECG for you 我要给您做心电图 45 I m going to put a gastric tube into your stomach this is for gastrointestinal decompression 我要放胃管到您的胃内 这是胃肠减压 We can feed you the necessary nutrients through the tube Please swallow the tube as I put it down 我们通过胃管给您必要的营养 当我放管时 请做吞咽动作 46 I m going to make your bed we ll change the bed linen at once 我要给您整理床铺 我们马 上给您换床单 47 I ll apply a cold hot compress to your ankle 我要给您的踝部冷 热敷 48 An operation will be done tomorrow an emergency operation must be done now Will you please sign to give your permission for your operation 明天将做手术 现在马上做急 诊手术 同意手术请您签字好吗 49 I m going to shave your skin I m going to do skin preparation for you 我要给您做备皮 我 要给您做皮肤准备 50 You re going to have a local general epidural anesthesia 要给您做局麻 全身麻醉 硬膜外麻 醉 51 Are you allergic to any medication penicillin 您对什么药物 青霉素过敏吗 52 I m going to do a skin test of penicillin for you If you feel itchy or short of breath please let me know at once I ll see the result in fifteen minutes I m going to do a tetanus hypersensitive test for you 我要给您做青霉素皮试 如果您感到痒或气短 请立刻告诉我 我十五分钟后看 结果 我要给您做破伤风皮试 53 I m going to give you an intramuscular injection intravenous infusion hypodermic injection 我要给您做肌肉 静脉 皮内注射 54 I m going to give you an enema to help you pass motion 我要给您灌肠 帮助您排便 11 55 The doctor will change your dressing The doctor will remove your stitches 医生要给您换药 医生要给您拆线 56 I m going to give you oxygen now 我要给您吸氧 57 I m going to give you nebulization 我要给您 雾化 吸入 58 I m going to do bladder irrigation for you 我要给您做膀胱冲洗 59 You have to rest in bed for at least one week 您至少要卧床休息一周 60 How are you today How was your sleep last night How is your appetite 您今天怎么样 您昨晚睡得怎么样 您的食欲怎么样 61 Did you pass motion yesterday Are your bowel movements normal 昨天您排便了吗 您 的大便正常吗 62 What color of your urine 您的尿液什么颜色 63 How much urine do you pass each time 您每次排尿多少 64 You will have skin cervical traction 要给您做皮肤 颈部牵引 65 Take more exercises Do some light work have a happy outlook avoid excitement and too much worry Be careful not to stumble 多做锻炼 做一些轻体力活动 保持良好的心态 避免 兴奋和过度忧虑 小心不要摔倒 66 You are going to have a blood transfusion 要给您输血 67 The results are normal 结果正常 68 You are suffering from Your disease was diagnosed as 您的病诊断为 69 You have to stop smoking and alcohol 您必须戒烟 戒酒 五 五 about medication and nutrition 关于药物和营养 关于药物和营养 70 Take two tablets three times a day after before food 饭前 饭后服 每日三次 每次两粒 71 Take the medicine with a lot of water 服用此药 要多饮水 72 I ll give you an injection twice a day 我要给您注射 每日两次 73 This medicine is used for preventing infection treating infection relieving your pain protecting your stomach supplying nutrients bringing down your temperature intracranial pressure stopping bleeding 这种药是为了预防感染 治疗感染 减轻疼痛 保护您的胃 提供营养 降低体温 降低颅内压 停 止出血 74 You should have a low fat low salt light diet high caloric diet high protein soft diet liquid food 您的进食应该是低脂 低盐 轻淡 高热量 高蛋白 软食 流食的食物 75 Please take some more nourishing food 请食营养多的食物 1 What can do for you 你有什么事 2 May I help you 我能帮你什么忙 3 Please take a seat please sit down 请坐下 4 Wait a moment please 请等一等 5 Sorry to have kept you waiting 对不起让你久等了 6 It is not serious 病情不严重 7 Don t worry There is nothing to worry about 不必顾虑 8 You need a thorough examination 你需要做一个全面检查 9 You will have to stay in hospital for several days 你需要在医院里住几天 We think that 12 you had better be hospitalized 我们认为你最好住进医院来 10 You should stay in bed for a few days 你需要卧床几天 11 You can keep on working You can carry on with your work 可以继续工作 12 You should be very careful for a week or two 这一两周内 你需要很注意 13 Try to relax and keep calm 尽量放松保持镇静 14 You ll soon be all right 你很快就会好起来的 15 1 m sure this medicine will help you a great deal 这药对你肯定会很有效的 16 Feeling well again is a rather slow process I m afraid 恐怕痊愈将是一个很慢的过程 17 You will have to wait for twenty minutes 你需要等 20 分钟 18 Complete recovery will take a rather long time 彻底恢复需要一段很长的时间 19 You will have to come here for periodical check ups 你需要定期来门诊检查 20 If you feel worse please come back to the clinic right away 要是你觉着病加重了 就 请马上来门诊 21 If you feel worried don t hesitate to go to the clinic anytime day or night 你要觉着难受 无论白天黑夜都赶紧上医院看去 22 I ll come right away 我马上就来 23 I m going to make arrangements for your admission 我去给你安排住院 24 Please come with your interpreter next time 下次请带翻译来 25 Do you understand what I m saying 你明白我的话吗 26 Is there anything else you would like me to explain to you 你看在哪些方面还需要解释呢 27 Shall I explain it again 需等我海解释一遍吗 28 If the trouble persists come back again 要是情况还不见好 就请你再来门诊吧 29 There doesn t seem to be anything serious but we 11 take an x ray just to be certain 不 象有什么严重情况 但还是要拍张 x 线片肯定一下 30 Please wait until we get the result of the x ray blood test 请等一下 我们需要看一下 X 线片 验血 的结果 31 It s difficult to say just now exactly what s wrong 现在还不好说是什么问题 32 This is quite common among people of your age 在您这样岁数人当中 这可太寻常 了 This often happens to people of your age 这种情况经常发生在你这样岁数的人 This often occurs at your age 这就经常出在你这种岁数上 33 This kind of illness usually occurs among people whose work requires a lot of concentration who undergo a lot of stress 这种病通常发生在工作要求精神高度集中的 精神紧张的 人们当中 34 I suggest you do some light exercises 我建议你做些轻微的锻炼 I suggest you have a course of acupuncture 我自颇胞一个疗程的针灸 I suggest that you get physiotherapy treatment 我建议你作理疗 I suggest that you take Chinese herbs 我建议你吃中药 35 I would like to transfer you to the gynecology surgery dermatology urology department 我要将你转到妇科 外科 皮科 泌尿科 去 36 Your WBC RBC hemoglobin urine stool sputum should be checked 你的白细 胞 红细胞 血红蛋白 尿 大便 痰 需要检查一下 37 A smear should be taken 需要做个涂片 A culture should be done 需要做个培养 38 Please don t eat anything tomorrow morning before blood test 明早查血以前不要吃东西 39 Please wait for the result of your hemoglobin test 请等一下你的血红蛋白化验结果 13 40 What s your trouble 你哪里觉着不好 41 How long have you been feeling unwell 你不舒服多久了 42 What medicine did you take 你吃的是什么药 43 Have you taken any medicine 你吃过什么药吗 44 Did you take your temperature 你试过体温吗 45 Do you smoke drink 你吸烟 喝酒 吗 46 Have you any temperature a cough a bed headach 你发烧 咳嗽 剧烈的头痛 吗 47 Have your ever had jaundice low grade fever any chronic ailments cold sweats at night attacks of asthma 你有过黄疸 发低烧 任何慢性病 夜间出冷汗 哮喘发作 吗 48 Do you suffer from heartburn stomachaches loose bowel movements chest pains 你的胃 有过烧心感 稀便 胸痛 吗 49 Do your want to have your tooth extracted tooth filled dressing changed blood pressure checked 你要拔牙 补牙 换药 量血压 吗 50 Let me examine you please 我给你检查一下 51 Please take off your shoes and lie down 请脱鞋 躺下 52 Please unbutton your shirt and loosen your belt 请解开上衣的扣子 松开腰带 53 Please take off your trousers 请脱下裤子 54 Please lie on your back stomach right side left side 请仰卧 俯卧 右侧卧 左侧卧 55 Please bend your knees 请屈膝 56 Please relax 请放松 57 Please breathe deeply normally 请深呼正常呼吸 58 Please stick out your tongue 请伸出舌头 59 Please let me feel your pulse 让我摸摸你的脉搏 60 Let me take your blood pressure 我给你量一下血压 61 Pleas lift your left leg right leg 请抬起你的左腿 右腿 62 Please open your mouth and say Ah 请张开口说 啊 63 It is normal essentially normal 结果正常 基本正常 64 Have you ever received any treatment before 你以前治过吗 65 Has it gotten worse 情况变坏了吗 66 Has it happened before 这种情况以前发生过吗 67 Are you feeling better 你觉着好一些吗 68 Is the pain getting less 疼痛减轻些了吗 69 Does it still hurt 还疼吗 70 How long have you had this pain 你从什么时候开始有这种痛的 71 What kind of pain is it 是什么样的痛 72 Please tell me something of your past illnesses 请告诉我你过去的病史 73 Is there any blood in your stool urine sputum 你的大便里 尿里 痰里 有血吗 病人常用英文表达 病人常用英文表达 1 I m not feeling well 我觉得不舒服 14 2 I m feeling very bad 我觉得很不舒服 3 I don t feel myself lately 我最近感到不舒服 4 What shall should I do 我该怎么办 5 Should I stay in the hospital 我需要住院吗 6 The pain seems less 我的疼痛有些减轻 7 Will it go away by itself soon 它能自然 很快 痊愈吗 8 When shall I come back 我什么时候再来 9 Will there be a recurrence 这病会复发吗 10 Does this medicine have any side effects 这药有副作用吗 11 What kind of food should I eat Should I have a special diet 我应该吃什么样的饮食 我需要吃特别的饮食吗 12 Will surgery necessary 需要做手术吗 13 Will it take long to recover 很久才能恢复吗 l4 Is it right to move around and do some exercises 可以在地上走走 锻炼锻炼吗 15 Is it serious 情况严重吗 16 Is there any danger 有危险吗 17 What could be the cause 可能是什么原因呢 18 What should I do if I have another attack 我若是再犯 该怎么办呢 19 Isn t there any good medicine for it 没有什么好药吗 20 What kind of medicine is this 这是一种什么药呢 21 I hate injections Can I take the medicine orally 我不喜欢打针 能吃些口服药吗 22 Can it be cured 能治好么 23 Will it get worse 能变坏吗 15 24 What could it be 可能是什么病呢 25 What do you think 你认为怎样 26 Can anything be done for pain 对于这种疼痛 有没有办法呢 27 Whateverr you say 听从你的意见 28 Since two or three weeks 大约两三周前 29 About when 大约在什么时间了 30 Is it contagious 这病传染吗 31 I feel dizzy feverish shivery sleepy like vomiting nauseous itching weak irritated 我感到头晕 发烧 发冷 发困 想吐 恶心 痒 虚弱 急躁 32 I have pils a bad cough a dry cough a sore stomach a pain in the small of my back 我有痔疮 剧烈的咳嗽 干咳 胃痛 腰背部痛 住院就诊词汇 住院就诊词汇 检查 Examination 入院 Admission to Hospotial 出院 Discharge from Hospital 症状 Symptom 营养 Nutrition 病例 Clinical History 诊断 Diagnosis 治疗 Treatme