完形填空导考

三 完形填空 平均分 16 50 难度 0 55 考查对语意 语境 语篇的深层理解以及 词汇在语境中的运用 该题选材内容体现文化意识 讲述一位美国教师给中国学生 上英语文学课的经历 反映中 美教育理念和教学方法的不同 折射出文化意识的不 同 1 具体考查语言项目 1 副词 20 4 形容词 35 7 名词 40 8 动词 含短语 比例 题数 4 存在问题 1 没有正确理解上下文语境以及选项在 具体语境中的意 思 2 缺乏对文化背景知识的了解 5 备考建议 1 注意培养学生的语篇整 体意识 教学 生根据上下文语境寻找 完形 的线 索 2 注意语言文化差别 强化词语在具体 语境中的理解和应用 考点 1 考察考生语法知识的运用能力 1 I cannot thank you enough for you told me one autumn afternoon when I was nine A what B that C which D where 2 On May 27 1995 our life was suddenly changed It happened a few minutes past three my husband Chris fell from his horse A since B before C when D while 技巧 1 利用语法分析解题 完形填空中也有考察语法知识的题目 对于此类题 考生不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关 系 更要有针对性地对语法结构 句式特点 对空格中需填的词在句子里做什么成分 哪类词合适 应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析和思考 从而解决问题 比如 选 用动词就要考虑各种时态 语态 语气 谓语形式 非谓语形式 及物 不及物 延 续性 非延续性 主谓搭配以及其如何与其他词类配合使用等问题 例如 I played a racquetball game against my cousin Ed last week It was one of the most surprising and tiring games I ve ever had When Ed first phoned and we play I laughed quietly figuring on an easy victory A declared B mentioned C persuaded D suggested I was leaving several girls came up to me A while B when C as D since 技巧 2 找准关键词 The Foreign Minister said our hope that the two sides will work towards peace A This is B There is C That is D It is 技巧 3 适当转换句型 有时将题干句式转换成自己更熟悉的句型 就很容易选出正确答案 比如将疑问句 感叹句等改为陈述句 被动句改为主动句 无序句调整为正常句 Mr wang whom would you rather the important meeting Tom A have attend B have attended C having attend D hav to attend 技巧 4 检查有无谓语 有时貌似句子的结构中没有谓语 其谓语是非谓语动词 多为分词 是独立主格结 构 He wrote five novels two of translated into English A it B them C which D that 考点 2 考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况 如动词与名词的搭配 动词与介词或副词的搭配 介词与名词的搭配 句式结构的固定搭配等等 这类搭配 在高考完形填空中时常出现 The former every possible effort to avoid being discovered it was not Long accustomer who had seen him arrive hurried in to inform him 1 A did B took C made D tried 2 A when B after C until D before 技巧 1 熟记固定搭配 1Mr Smith used to smoke but he has given it up A seriously B heavily C badly D hardly 2There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere We can see see there is a lot of sleeping on zhe bus or train on zhe home form work in zhe evenings A way B track C path D road 3 for example the neatiy dressed woman I used to see or look at on my way to work each morning A Make B Take C Give D Have 技巧 2 分析句子结构有些试题考点十分简单 但命题者听过使用定语从句 或将我 们熟悉的固定词组有意拆分 重新组合 使我们在结构上产生错觉 We keep in touch writing often A with B of C on D by 技巧 3 删除干扰部分 将起干扰作用的定语从句 介词短语或插入语 如 Ithink suppose believe do you think suppose believe you know of ourse 等删除 从而更容易地选出正确的答案 It is the abilty to do zhe job atters not there you come form or what you are A one B that C what D it 考点 3 考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力 几个选项的词性相同 意义相近 要 求我们在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别 近年来 这类考题占到的比例在增 大 一般来说 其中的两个选项容易排除 难辨的是另外两个 Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed When they got to zhe South Pole zhey found zhe Norwegians 挪威人 had them in race to be the first ever to reach it A hit B fought C won D beaten 技巧 1 根据词义及用法辨析词义 When the papers were she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test A examined B completed C marked D answered 考点 4 考察考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解 如转折关系 让步关系 因果关系 递 进关系 增补关系 比较关系 对比关系等 四个选项都是表示文章的起承转合 上 下连贯等逻辑关系的词语时 必须弄清句子前后的逻辑关系 才能做出正确选择 You are near the front line of a battle Around you shells are exploding people are shooting from a house behind you What are you doing zhere You aren t carrying a gun You re standing in front of A sinply B realy C merely D even 技巧 1 查看有无连词 If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English means many people more people in zhe world can enjoy it A as B which C what D that 技巧 2 视上下文的逻辑关系 技巧 3 利用语篇标志 语篇一般指比单个句子长的语言单位 如群句 段落 篇章等 语篇与语篇之间往往 有表明其内在联系的语句 这些词语可称为语篇标志语 常用的语篇标志语归纳如下 表示结构关系 firstly secondly thirdly finally 等 表示逻辑关系 thus therefore so 等 表示改变话题 by the way 等 表示递进关系 beside what is more further 等 表示时间关系 before so far meantime meanwhile now later 等 What laughing arguments we had about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth 3 I want to wanted to write about that but I wanted to write about that but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy not for Mr Fleagle my composition teacher As for him I would write something else A Espeically B Probably C Suddenly D Fortunately 考点 5 考查经验常识 考查学生在日常的学习和生活中所积累的经验和基本常识 以及一些基本的生活常识 But we are so much that afterwards we had trouble A speaking B moving C sleeping D breathing 技巧 理解文意 结合常识 1 生活常识 1 it was an early morning in summer In the street sleepyeyed people were moving quickly heading towards their A jobs B home C restaurants D offices 2 I remember the buzz 嘈杂声 of excitement inside the theatre as we all found our seats After a few minute the lights went down and everybody became quite I could barely make out the stage in the We waited A silence B noise C darkness D smoke 2 文化背景 It was 4 o clock when the front doorbell rang Mrs Clark was tea at the time A cooking B making C burning D serving 3 社会语言学知识 许多考生可能对此感到很陌生 其实这也是完形填空中不可忽视的一个因素 同时也 是生活常识的一个重要组成部分 例如人们出于多种原因 常常在不同场合下使用礼 貌用语 一方面 礼貌用语反映了使用者的素养高 但同时也反映了说话者与听者间 的距离 一般来说 所用的语言越礼貌 二者之间的距离越疏远 A few days ago when I was walking along the street I met one of my After greeting with each other a few words he suddenly red in face said You know I m running a business but recently I m a bit short of money I wonder if you could lend me a hand A friends B children C acquaintance D brothers 考点 6 考查文章的结构 考查考生对文章脉络层次的把握能力 First of all I respected his devotion to teaching I admired the fact that he would talk students outside the classroom or talk Finally I was attracted by his lively sense of humor A Later B Secondly C However D Therefore 技巧 1 注意标点符号 标点有时对题有提示作用 不同的标点可能导致选不同的答案 There are eight tips in Dr Roger s lecture on sleep and one of them is to bed early unless you think it is necessary A doesn t go B not to go C not going D don t go 技巧 2 利用对称结构 在做题过程中要善于利用 and but 等并列连词 如前面是句子 后面的也必定是句子 反之亦然 若连接的是几个动词 这几个动词也必定是同一时态或同一形式 On Saturday afternoon Mrs Green went to the market some bananas and visited her cousin A bought B buying C to buy D buy 技巧 3 识别相似句型 is known to everybody light travels much faster than sound A If B As C That D What 技巧 4 利用语篇结构层次 完形填空的取材多为完整性 严密性非常好的文章 如果是记叙文 其故事结构完整 包括事件的事件 地点 人物 起因 发展以及结局等 如果是说明文 应该层次 分明 一目了然 如果是议论文 应该点明 论证严密 考点 7 考查逻辑推理 考查考生根据文意和所掌握的知识经验进行简单的逻辑推理 来确定选项的能力 技巧 1 分析逻辑关系 I don t mind dropping in at your house when in town