英语国家概况

考查须知 需要抄题 不得打印或复印 做好后连同课堂笔记 在 本周上课的时间交到上课的教室 过时不候 I 翻译下列句子 10 分 1 Never in the history of the world has a country been braided together from so many strands of people arriving with different languages histories and cultures 2 To be legitimate and lasting a government had to derive its power from the people These principles were part of the political system created by the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States This system aimed to create one federated whole 3 Similarly the place where an immigrant takes up a new life in a city filled with people from the same country or in a small community with few friends from the home country friends can affect how they absorb American ways and how they meld into the larger society 4 The U S economy depends heavily on geographic factors such as natural resources climate and the transportation provided by its waterways Some local governments are organized around geography 5 No longer bound by geography American culture has become an ambassador of goodwill enabling people of different nations different religions and different forms of government to find something in common 6 Over the course of human history people around the globe have invented many forms of government to answer these questions monarchy aristocracy fascism communism democracy and even anarchism The American government is based on democracy a word that is easier to use than to implement effectively 7 The many melodies of American culture have not always been harmonious but its complexity has created a society that struggles to achieve tolerance and produces a uniquely casual personal style that identifies Americans everywhere 8 During the 1920s musical forms such as the blues and jazz began to dominate the rhythms of American popular music These forms had their roots in Africa as adapted in the American South and then in cities such as New Orleans Louisiana Kansas City Missouri Detroit Michigan and Chicago Illinois 9 Some people criticized the growing uniformity of mass culture for lowering the general standard of taste since mass media sought to please the largest number of people by appealing to simpler rather than more complex tastes However culture became more democratic as modern technology and mass media allowed it to reach more people 10 People all over the world view American television programs often years after the program s popularity has declined in the United States American television has become such an international fixture that American news broadcasts help define what people in other countries know about current events and politics II 回答下列问题 答题用中文回答 但必须夹注材料中的英文关键 词 平均每句话至少有一个英文关键词 例如 问 What does the United States of America consist of 答 美国由本土的 48 个州 contiguous states 和本土之外的 2 个 州 noncontiguous states 组成 1 What is the United States motto What does it mean 2 Why was the American called a new man 3 What is the glue the USA used to bind together so many different peoples 4 How are some local governments organized around geography 5 Why did the population of the Americas plummet 6 Diversity provided a rich mingling of cultures but it had some downside What was it 7 How could American cultural forms have become international in reach 8 How are many economic decisions decided 9 What is the proper source of political authority Who has the power to make and enforce rules by which all must live 10 What identifies Americans everywhere 11 What does American culture have come to symbolize 12 What music dominated the rhythms of American popular music 13 Why