说明文练习题及答案

Learn General Secretary on two to learn a strengthening four Consciousnesses important speech caused a strong reaction in the country Time watching red treasure the origin of building the party back to power how to strengthen services for the masses improve party cohesion fighting to become the grass roots party members and masses hot topic Grass roots party organizations two is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres the pioneer spirit Distribution of grass roots party organizations in all walks of people clothing shelter which belongs to the nerve endings of the party organization and comments reputation has a direct perception of the masses Strengthen the party ahead of the pedal spirit strengthen the party members and cadres success does not have to be me and the first to bear hardships the last to service spirit to set the party s positive image among the people is important Grass roots party organizations two is to cleanse all people not happy not to see stereotypes establish the honest faithful diligent faith for the people No need to avoid mentioning that some members of our party can not stand the money corrosion of temptation thin Xu Zhou such abuse and corrupt bribery malfeasance borers and rats Two is to clean up thin Xu Zhou s solution to restore the party s fresh and natural solid and honest work style Cleansing take eat card undesirable and behaviour cross hard and cold push attitude Grass roots party organizations two is to strengthen the sense of ordinary party members participating in consciousness unity consciousness For reasons known members of grass roots party branches less mobile less resources and the construction of party organizations have some lag Two studies is to focus on the grass roots party branches loose soft loose problem advance the party members and cadres a gang working Hong Kong report Strong cleanup actions style and rambling presumptuous unqualified party members pays special attention to party members and cadres joining party of thought problem Party building is obtained in the long term development of our party s historical experience accumulated Two is our party under the new historical conditions strengthen the party s construction of a new rectification movement Grass roots party organizations should always catch the hard work results oriented Two educational outcomes are long term oriented and become an important impetus for the work Two should have three kinds of consciousness two study and education basic learning lies in the doing Only the Constitution address the series of party rules and do solid work be qualified party members had a solid ideological basis Only the learning and do real unity to form a learn learn do do the virtuous cycle and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education This requires that the Organization learning education need three kinds of consciousness one is to establish an integrated awareness Learning and do what car isTwo wheel bird wings need to go hand in hand one end can be neglected Communist theoretician and man Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value Learning is the Foundation the Foundation is not strong shaking Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts Two education lay the basis going to do the key grip so that the learning and doing back to standard so that the majority of party members learn learning theory of nutrients in the doing practice party s purposes Second to establish a sense of depth Learning and do not Chu drawn entirely different but the organic unity of the whole Two learning education we need to explore integrating learning in do exhibit do in Science To avoid the learning into simple room instruction do into a monotone for doing Should exploration learn in the has do do in the has learn of education and practice of carrier makes general grass roots members can in learn in the has do of achievements sense in do in the has learn of get sense real makes party of theory brain into heart put for people service concept outside of Yu shaped Third to adhere to long term the awareness Style construction on the road forever two had to catch the long term Two study and education by no means assault style wind sport but the recurrent education within the party In recent years the party s mass line education practice and three three special education in grass roots borne rich fruits vast numbers of party members and cadres withstood the baptism of the spirit Two greater need to focus on longer hold long term to establish and perfect the effective mechanism of the education focusing on the creation of long term education strive to make the vast number of party members to maintain their vanguard Color maintain the party s advanced nature and purity Awareness raising antennas and atmosphere a discussion on how leading cadres of party members two current two activity is in full swing up and down the country party cadres as a key minority is both a barometer and impetus The two meaning enough deep is to determine the party cadres can resolve to study hard first In the two in the process some cadres of himself standing long high awareness that Constitution Party rules is simple its not worth bothering some party cadres think speak series has nothing to do with the grass roots work water business learning series of speeches seen as window dressing These lazy casual and decadent ideas learning lacks motivation a serious impediment to two effect John Stuart Mill once said only a basic element of human thought patterns change dramatically human destiny can make great improvement The same only party members and 阅兵场 说明文阅读一 植物的抗旱本领 有人在亚里桑那的沙漠里做过一项有趣的实验 把一棵 37 千克重的仙人球放在室内 一直不浇水 经过六年 它依然活着 而且还有 26 千克 植物的这种抗旱本领 真是令人 称奇 植物经过漫长的进化和繁衍 不仅有着适应干旱环境的非凡能力 而且具有种种神 奇的抗旱本领 减少水分蒸腾是植物抗旱的有效方式 为了节省水分 有的叶子退化成针状或棘刺状 有的生有茸毛 有的体表披上一层角质或蜡质 有的叶子还会蜷曲 闭合 这样 就会减 少水分蒸腾 生长在我国北方草原上的野莴苣 为了减少水分的散失 叶片不是以平面向 着太阳 而是像刀刃似的向上 叶子与地面垂直 由于这类植物的叶片的背面 腹面几乎 受到等量的光照 所以两面都能进行光合作用 更为有趣的是 树姿奇特的光棍树终年不 长叶子 只有光溜溜的树杈 这是因为该树的故乡在炎热的非洲干旱地区 那里常年无雨 异常缺水 为了减少水分的散失 它们叶子逐渐变小 甚至消失 而树枝变成绿色 以代 替叶子进行光合作用 有些植物的叶子不但退化成针状或棘刺状 以减少蒸腾 而 且营养器官变得肥厚多汁 以便自身贮藏水分 猴面包树生长在非洲东部的热带草原里 成龄大树一般高约 25 米 而直径却达 5 米 有的甚至超过 10 米 远远望去 犹如巨大的 酒瓶 在干旱的时候 树上不长叶子 到了雨季 才开始长叶 开花 结果 同时大量吸 收水分 贮藏在肥胖的树干里 以备旱季之用 生长在墨西哥沙漠的仙人掌像一座座巨大 的烛台 通常有 10 15 米高 粗得一个人都难以合围 体内水分竟达 95 以上 在它巨大 的身躯里 能贮藏一吨以上的水 当旅行者缺水时 打开它的躯干 就可以饮到清澈的淡 水 因此 它享有 沙漠里的甘泉 之美名 强大多样的根系是植物抗旱的保证 干旱的草原降水量极少 水分蒸发极快 雨水往往 只能湿润土壤的表面 下层的土壤却很干燥 这些地方生长的根茅 隐子草和沙蒿 都长 着入土不深 分枝极多 平铺在土表层的根系 沙拐枣的垂直根系较浅 水平根系则长达 十几米 只要地面有一点点水分 它就能充分吸收 在干旱的沙漠地区 有的植物地上部 分大大缩小 地下部分却大大增加 主根扎得很深 一株不到半米高的白刺 主根长 13 米 多 侧根长 6 米以上 根幅 14 米 相当于冠幅的 30 多倍 忍耐干旱是植物的抗旱生理物征 有了这样的生理特征 才使得有些植物在严酷的干旱 面前 表现出异常顽强的生命力 1 选文第一段写 一项有趣的实验 其用意是什么 2 分 引出说明对象 引起读者的阅读兴趣 2 根据文段内容 为第 段横线处补写一个恰当的句子 3 分 贮藏水分以备不测是植物抗旱的绝招 3 选文运用的主要的说明方法是什么 有什么作用 3 分 举例子 真实具体地说明了植物种种神奇的抗旱本领 4 根据文意 判断下列说法的正误 正确的打对号 错误的打错号 3 分 1 为减少水分的散失 光棍树的叶子逐渐退化 用绿色的树枝进行光合作用 2 生长在墨西哥沙漠的仙人掌身躯巨大 贮水丰富 被称为 沙漠里的甘泉 3 沙拐枣能充分吸收地面水分 是因为它的垂直根系和水平根系都很发达 Learn General Secretary on two to learn a strengthening four Consciousnesses important speech caused a strong reaction in the country Time watching red treasure the origin of building the party back to power how to strengthen services for the masses improve party cohesion fighting to become the grass roots party members and masses hot topic Grass roots party organizations two is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres the pioneer spirit Distribution of grass roots party organizations in all walks of people clothing shelter which belongs to the nerve endings of the party organization and comments reputation has a direct perception of the masses Strengthen the party ahead of the pedal spirit strengthen the party members and cadres success does not have to be me and the first to bear hardships the last to service spirit to set the party s positive image among the people is important Grass roots party organizations two is to cleanse all people not happy not to see stereotypes establish the honest faithful diligent faith for the people No need to avoid mentioning that some members of our party can not stand the money corrosion of temptation thin Xu Zhou such abuse and corrupt bribery malfeasance borers and rats Two is to clean up thin Xu Zhou s solution to restore the party s fresh and natural solid and honest work style Cleansing take eat card undesirable and behaviour cross hard and cold push attitude Grass roots party organizations two is to strengthen the sense of ordinary party members participating in consciousness unity consciousness For reasons known members of grass roots party branches less mobile less resources and the construction of party organizations have some lag Two studies is to focus on the grass roots party branches loose soft loose problem advance the party members and cadres a gang working Hong Kong report Strong cleanup actions style and rambling presumptuous unqualified party members pays special attention to party members and cadres joining party of thought problem Party building is obtained in the long term development of our party s historical experience accumulated Two is our party under the new historical conditions strengthen the party s construction of a new rectification movement Grass roots party organizations should always catch the hard work results oriented Two educational outcomes are long term oriented and become an important impetus for the work Two should have three kinds of consciousness two study and education basic learning lies in the doing Only the Constitution address the series of party rules and do solid work be qualified party members had a solid ideological basis Only the learning and do real unity to form a learn learn do do the virtuous cycle and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education This requires that the Organization learning education need three kinds of consciousness one is to establish an integrated awareness Learning and do what car isTwo wheel bird wings need to go hand in hand one end can be neglected Communist theoretician and man Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value Learning is the Foundation the Foundation is not strong shaking Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts Two education lay the basis going to do the key grip so that the learning and doing back to standard so that the majority of party members learn learning theory of nutrients in the doing practice party s purposes Second to establish a sense of depth Learning and do not Chu drawn entirely different but the organic unity of the whole Two learning education we need to explore integrating learning in do exhibit do in Science To avoid the learning into simple room instruction do into a monotone for doing Should exploration learn in the has do do in the has learn of education and practice of carrier makes general grass roots members can in learn in the has do of achievements sense in do in the has learn of get sense real makes party of theory brain into heart put for people service concept outside of Yu shaped Third to adhere to long term the awareness Style construction on the road forever two had to catch the long term Two study and education by no means assault style wind sport but the recurrent education within the party In recent years the party s mass line education practice and three three special education in grass roots borne rich fruits vast numbers of party members and cadres withstood the baptism of the spirit Two greater need to focus on longer hold long term to establish and perfect the effective mechanism of the education focusing on the creation of long term education strive to make the vast number of party members to maintain their vanguard Color maintain the party s advanced nature and purity Awareness raising antennas and atmosphere a discussion on how leading cadres of party members two current two activity is in full swing up and down the country party cadres as a key minority is both a barometer and impetus The two meaning enough deep is to determine the party cadres can resolve to study hard first In the two in the process some cadres of himself standing long high awareness that Constitution Party rules is simple its not worth bothering some party cadres think speak series has nothing to do with the grass roots work water business learning series of speeches seen as window dressing These lazy casual and decadent ideas learning lacks motivation a serious impediment to two effect John Stuart Mill once said only a basic element of human thought patterns change dramatically human destiny can make great improvement The same only party members and 说明文阅读二 淘米水的妙用 淘米水很不起眼 平时常被白白倒掉 可是你知道吗 它在生活中却有许多妙用 淘米水是天然的去污剂 与一般的工业去污产品相比 淘米水不仅洗净力适中 而且无 任何副作用 比如 浅色衣服用淘米水浸泡一下 然后用肥皂洗涤 就会洁净如新 起霉 斑的衣服 放入淘米水中浸泡一夜 可退斑洗净 又如 面对一堆有油污的碗 碟 瓶子 时 与洗洁精相比 淘米水是更好的选择 淘米水经加热后 其淀粉质变性 而变性淀粉 具有良好的亲油性和亲水性 所以油污一旦遇到淘米水 就会被淘米水中的淀粉吸附 从 而脱离碗碟 淘米水是不花钱的化妆品 淘米水里含有淀粉质 维生素 蛋白质 这些营养物质可以 对皮肤起到保湿 抗老化 美白的作用 经常用淘米水洗手 洗脸 皮肤会变得光滑白皙 淘米水还具有护发 亮发的功效 据说 傣族姑娘的一头秀发就是淘米水的佳作 傣族姑 娘常用糯米的淘米水来护发 不过 她们用的淘米水要存放半个月或一个月的时间才能使 用 因为淘米水经过沉淀发酵以后 含有非常丰富的 B 族维生素 B 族维生素可以帮助头 发的色素细胞生成黑色的色素颗粒 所以经常用淘米水洗头 可以营养头发 使头发变得 乌黑亮丽 如果你想保持美好的形象 又不使身体受到任何伤害 还想节省费用 那么淘 米水不失为一种首选的化妆品 淘米水还具有一定的药用价值 淘米水含有一定的蛋白质 维生素和微量元素 特别是 头一两次淘米水含有钾且呈弱酸性 加入食盐入药后 具有清火 凉血 解毒的功效 用 淘米水加食盐煮开后 外洗或外擦皮肤 对皮肤有比较温和的清洁作用 而且可以保持皮 肤表面正常的酸碱度 抑制病原微生物的生长 防止皮肤搔痒 等等 此外 淘米水中含有蛋白质 淀粉质 维生素等丰富的营养物质 可用作上等饲料 淘 米水中含有氮 磷 钾等微量元素成分 可用作上好的肥料 淘米水有如此多的妙用 你还会白白倒掉它吗 15 请将选文所介绍的淘米水的妙用依次填入下面的横线内 3 分 作去污剂 作化妆品 护肤美发 有药用价值 作饲料 肥料 16 傣族姑娘用来护发的淘米水 为什么要存放半个月或一个月的时间才使用 3 分 淘米水经过沉淀发酵以后 含有非常丰富的 B 族维生素 B 族维生素可以帮助头发的色素 细胞生成黑色的色素颗粒 17 选文第 段中加着重号的词语可以去掉吗 请说出理由 3 分 不可以 因为加着重号的词语起限制作用 说明了淘米水药用价值是有限的 体现了说明 语言的准确性和科学性 18 选文第 段在全文的内容和结构上有什么作用 3 分 强调人们要重视对淘米水的使用 呼应开头 说明文阅读三 长信宫 灯 长信宫 灯是著名的汉代镏金铜灯 它通高 48 厘米 重 15 85 千克 此灯器身铭文 有 长信 字样 曾为居于 长信宫 的窦太后所用 故名 长信宫 灯 1968 年出土于 河北省满城县中山靖王刘胜之妻窦绾墓 现收藏于河北省博物馆 长信宫 灯的造型十分优美 全器为宫女跪坐双手持灯状 宫女身穿广袖内衣 外着 长袍 腰间束带 衣襟由右侧向后掩卷 衣纹疏密有致 简洁流畅 宫女头梳髻 发上覆 Learn General Secretary on two to learn a strengthening four Consciousnesses important speech caused a strong reaction in the country Time watching red treasure the origin of building the party back to power how to strengthen services for the masses improve party cohesion fighting to become the grass roots party members and masses hot topic Grass roots party organizations two is to strengthen the service of party members and cadres the pioneer spirit Distribution of grass roots party organizations in all walks of people clothing shelter which belongs to the nerve endings of the party organization and comments reputation has a direct perception of the masses Strengthen the party ahead of the pedal spirit strengthen the party members and cadres success does not have to be me and the first to bear hardships the last to service spirit to set the party s positive image among the people is important Grass roots party organizations two is to cleanse all people not happy not to see stereotypes establish the honest faithful diligent faith for the people No need to avoid mentioning that some members of our party can not stand the money corrosion of temptation thin Xu Zhou such abuse and corrupt bribery malfeasance borers and rats Two is to clean up thin Xu Zhou s solution to restore the party s fresh and natural solid and honest work style Cleansing take eat card undesirable and behaviour cross hard and cold push attitude Grass roots party organizations two is to strengthen the sense of ordinary party members participating in consciousness unity consciousness For reasons known members of grass roots party branches less mobile less resources and the construction of party organizations have some lag Two studies is to focus on the grass roots party branches loose soft loose problem advance the party members and cadres a gang working Hong Kong report Strong cleanup actions style and rambling presumptuous unqualified party members pays special attention to party members and cadres joining party of thought problem Party building is obtained in the long term development of our party s historical experience accumulated Two is our party under the new historical conditions strengthen the party s construction of a new rectification movement Grass roots party organizations should always catch the hard work results oriented Two educational outcomes are long term oriented and become an important impetus for the work Two should have three kinds of consciousness two study and education basic learning lies in the doing Only the Constitution address the series of party rules and do solid work be qualified party members had a solid ideological basis Only the learning and do real unity to form a learn learn do do the virtuous cycle and ultimately achieve the fundamental objective of education This requires that the Organization learning education need three kinds of consciousness one is to establish an integrated awareness Learning and do what car isTwo wheel bird wings need to go hand in hand one end can be neglected Communist theoretician and man Only by closely combining theory and practice together in order to truly realize their value Learning is the Foundation the Foundation is not strong shaking Is the key to net to net thousands of accounts Two education lay the basis going to do the key grip so that the learning and doing back to standard so that the majority of party members learn learning theory of nutrients in the doing practice party s purposes Second to establish a sense of depth Learning and do not Chu drawn entirely different but the organic unity of the whole Two learning education we need to explore integrating learning in do exhibit do in Science To avoid the learning into simple room instruction do into a monotone for doing Should exploration learn in the has do do in the has learn of education and practice of carrier makes general grass roots members can in learn in the has do of achievements sense in do in the has learn of get sense real makes party of theory brain into heart put for