2017年高考英语阅读理解真题汇编-人物传记类

2017 年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语阅读理解年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语阅读理解 全国 全国 第 1 题 D Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir 回忆录 of Ralph W Tyler who is one of the most famous men in American education Born in Chicago in 1902 brought up and schooled in Nebraska the 19 year old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W W Charters whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work In 1927 he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing Tyler became well known nationality in 1938 when he carried his work with the Eight Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford a position he held for fourteen years There he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent 独立的 spirit in their work Although Tyler officially retired in 1967 he never actually retired He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives 目标 that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools 68 Who are most probably interested in Ralph W Tyler s memoir A Top managers B Language learners C Serious educators D Science organizations 69 The words hooked oh teaching underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean A attracted to teaching B tired of teaching C satisfied with teaching D unhappy about teaching 70 Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years A The University of Chicago B Stanford University C Ohio State University D Nebraska University 71 Tyler is said to have never actually retired because A he developed a new method of testing B he called for free spirit in research C he was still active in giving advice D he still led the Eight Year Study 答案 68 C 69 A 70 B 71 C 68 解析 这是一道推断题 根据第一段 Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir of Ralph W Tyler 得 知关心学校和大学教育的人会对 Tyler 的回忆录感兴趣 69 解析 这是一道词义猜测题 根据第二段 Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education 可知他原来的专业是药学 在 South Dakota 做科学教师时被吸引到教育行业 70 解析 这是一道推断题 根据第五段 Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford a position he held for fourteen years 可以 推断出他在 Stanford University 领导研究工作长达十年以上 71 解析 这是一道推断题 根据最后一段 Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives 可以推断出他退休后还在 指导其他教师 所以说他没有真正退休 第 2 题 2016 年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语 辽宁卷 B Danielle Steel America s sweetheart is one of the hardest working women in the book business Unlike other productive authors who write one book at a time she can work on up to five Her research time before writing takes at least three years Once she has fully studied her subjects ready to dive into a book she can spend twenty hours nonstop at her desk Danielle Steel comes from New York and was sent to France for her education After graduation she worked in the public relations and advertising industries Later she started a job as a writer which she was best fit for Her achievements are unbelievable 390 million copies of books in print nearly fifty New York Times best selling novels and a series of Max and Martha picture books for children to help them deal with the real life problems of death new hobbies and new schools Her 1998 book about the death of her son shot to the top of the New York Times best selling list as soon as it came out Twenty eight of her books have been made into films She is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records for one of her books being the Times best seller for 381 weeks straight Not content with a big house a loving family and a view of the Golden Gate Bridge Danielle Steel considers her readers to be the most important resource 资源 and has kept in touch with them by e mail While she is often compared to the heroines 女主人公 of her own invention her life is undoubtedly much quieter But if she does have anything in common with them it is her strength of will and her inimitable 独特的 style There is only one Danielle Steel 60 Danielle Steel is different from other writers in that A she can write several books at the same time B she often does some research before writing a book C she is one of the most popular American women writers D she can keep writing for quite a long time without a break 61 Children who have read Max and Martha picture books may know A how to deal with affairs at schoolB what to do if Max and Martha die C what to do when new babies are born into their families D how to solve the difficult problems in their writing classes 62 One of Danielle Steel s achievements is that A some TV plays were based on her booksB her picture books attracted a lot of young men C one of her books became a best seller in 1998 D she wrote the Guinness Book of World Records 63 We can learn from the passage that Danielle Steel A lives an exciting lifeB values her readers a lot C writes about quiet womenD is pleased with her achievements 答案 60 A 61 C 62 C 63 B 60 解析 这是一道推断题 根据第一段 Unlike other productive authors who write one book at a time she can work on up to five 可知她和其他高产作家不同的是她可以同时写几本 书 61 解析 这是一道推理题 根据第二段 a series of Max and Martha picture books for children to help them deal with the real life problems of death new babies and new schools 可知 Max and Martha 这套书可以教给孩子如何对待新生儿 62 解析 这是一道推断题 根据第二段 Her 1998 book about the death of her were shot to the top of the New York Times best selling list as soon as it came out 可知她的一本书在 1998 年成为最畅销的书 63 B 解析 这是一道推断题 根据最后一段 Danielle Steel considers her readers to be the most important resource and kept in touch with them by e mail 可知 Danielle Steel 把她的读者 当成最重要的资源 所以她很珍视这些读者 第 3 题 2016 年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语 陕西卷 A Louis Armstrong had two famous nicknames 绰号 Some people called him Bagamo They said his mouth looked like a large bag Musicians often called him Pops as a sign of respect for his influence 影响 on the world of music Born in 1901 in New Orleans be grew up poor but lived among great musicians Jazz was invented in the city a few years before his birth Armstrong often said Jazz and I grew up together Armstrong showed a great talent 天赋 for music when he was taught to play the cornet 短号 at a boy s home In his late teens Armstrong began to live the life of a musician He played in parades clubs and on the steamboats that traveled on the Mississippi River At that time New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal In 1922 he went to Chicago There the tale of Louis Armstrong begins From then until the end of his life Armstrong was celebrated and loved wherever be went Armstrong had no equal when it came to playing the American popular song His cornet playing had a deep humanity 仁爱 and warmth that caused many listeners to say Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over He was the father of the jazz style 风格 and also one of the best known and most admired people in the world His death on July 6 1971 was headline news around the world 41 Armstrong was called Pops because he A looked like a musician B was a musician of much influence C showed an interest in music D traveled to play modern music 42 The third paragraph is developed A by space B by examples C by time D by comparison 43 Which statement about Armstrong is true A His tale begins in New Orleans B He was born before jazz was invented C His music was popular with his listeners D He learned popular music at a boy s home 44 Which would be the best title for the text A The Invention of the Jazz MusicB The Father of the Jazz Style C The Making of a MusicianD The Spread of Popular Music 答案答案 41 B 42 C 43 C 44 B 41 解析 这是一道细节题 根据第一段中的 Musicians often called him Pops as a sign of respect for his influence on the world of music 和第三段中的 In his late teens Armstrong began to live the life of a musician Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal 可判断出 Armstrong 之所以被称之为 Pops 是因为他是具有影响的音 乐家 42 解析 这是一道推断题 短文的第三段讲述了 Armstrong 在童年是显露出音乐天 赋 在青少年开始过着音乐家的生活 以后成名 由此可推断出这一段是按时间顺序写作 的 43 解析 这是一道正误判断题 根据最后一段中的 His cornet playing had a deep humanity and warmth that caused many listeners to say Listening to Pops just makes you feel good all over 可判断出选项 C 是正确的 44 解析 这是一道标题选择题 这篇短文讲述了 Armstrong 成为爵士乐之父的过程 短文的最后一段中的 He was the father of the jazz style and also one of the best known and most admired people in the world 点明了这篇短文的主题 所以最好的题目应该是 The Father of the Jazz Style 第 4 题 2016 年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语 海南 宁夏卷新课标 D Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir 回忆录 of Ralph W Tyler who is one of the most famous men in American education Born in Chicago in 1902 brought up and schooled in Nebraska the 19 year old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W W Charters whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work In 1927 he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing Tyler became well known nationality in 1938 when he carried his work with the Eight Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford a position he held for fourteen years There he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent 独立的 spirit in their work Although Tyler officially retired in 1967 he never actually retired He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives 目标 that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools 68 Who are most probably interested in Ralph W Tyler s memoir A Top managers B Language learners C Serious educators D Science organizations 69 The words hooked oh teaching underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean A attracted to teaching B tired of teaching C satisfied with teaching D unhappy about teaching 70 Where did Tyler work as the leader of a research center for over 10 years A The University of Chicago B Stanford University C Ohio State University D Nebraska University 答案 68 C 69 A 70 B 68 解析 这是一道推断题 根据第一段 Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir of Ralph W Tyler 得 知关心学校和大学教育的人会对 Tyler 的回忆录感兴趣 69 解析 这是一道词义猜测题 根据第二段 Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education 可知他原来的专业是药学 在 South Dakota 做科学教师时被吸引到教育行业 70 解析 这是一道推断题 根据第五段 Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford a position he held for fourteen years 可以 推断出他在 Stanford University 领导研究工作长达十年以上 第 5 题 2016 年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语湖南卷 Susan Sontag 1933 2004 was one of the most noticeable figures in the world of literature For more than 40 years she made it morally necessary to know everything to read every book worth reading to see every movie worth seeing When she was still in her early 30s publishing essays in such important magazines as Partisan Review she appeared as the symbol of American culture life trying hard to follow every new development in literature film and art With great effort and serious judgment Sontag walked at the latest edges of world culture Seriousness was one of Sontag s lifelong watchwords 格言 but at a time when the barriers between the well educated and the poor educated were obvious she argued for a true openness to the pleasures of pop culture In Notes on Camp the 1964 essay that first made her name she explained what was then a little known set of difficult understandings through which she could not have been more famous Notes on Camp she wrote represents a victory of form over content beauty over morals By conviction 信念 she was a sensualist 感觉论者 but by nature she was a moralist 伦理学者 and in the works she published in the 1970s and 1980s it was the latter side of her that came forward In Illness as Metaphor published in 1978 after she suffered cancer she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed personalities 被压抑的性格 a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease In fact re examining old positions was her lifelong lifelong habit In America her story of a 19th century Polish actress who set up a perfect society in California won the National Book Award in 2000 But it was as a tireless all purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame Sometimes she once said I feel that in the end all I am really defending is the idea of seriousness of true seriousness And in the end she made us take it seriously too 71 The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means Sontag A was a symbol of American cultural life B developed world literature film and art C published many essays about world culture D kept pace with the newest development of world culture 72 She first won her name through A her story of a Polish actress B her book Illness as Metaphor C publishing essays in magazines like partisan Review D her explanation of a set of difficult understandings 73 According to the passage Susan Sontag A was a sensualist as well as a moralistB looked down upon the pop culture C thought content was more important than form D blamed the victim of cancer for being repressed 74 As for Susan Sontag s lifelong habit she A misunderstood the idea of seriousness B re examined old positions C argued for an openess to pop culture D preferred morals to beauty 75 Susan Sontag s lasting fame was made upon A a tireless all purpose cultural view B her lifelong watchword seriousness C publishing books on moralsD enjoying books worth reading and movies worth seeing 答案 71 75 DDABA 71 解析 这是一道推断题 从句子本意是 Sontag 走在世界文学最晚的边界 从时 间上来讲 最晚的发生的 意思是 最新的发生的 而且的一段前面也讲到 Sontag 努力跟 上文学 电影和艺术的新发展 因此 本句含义是 Sontag 跟上世界文学最新发展的步伐 72 解析 这是一道推断题 第二段讲到 Notes on Camp 使他首次成名 而答案中没 有这本文章的名字 再看这句话 讲到在 Notes on Camp 这篇文章的里 她解释了 a little known set of difficult understandings 73 解析 这是一道推断题 第三段第一句 By convention she was a sensualist but by nature she was a moralist 可知她既是感觉论者 又是伦理学者 因此选 A 74 解析 这是一道推断题 本题问的是 Sontag 的终生习惯 从第三段最后一句 re examining old positions was her lifelong habit 可以判断 她的终生习惯是 re examine old positions 75 解析 这是一道推断题 本题问的是 Sontag 持久的名声 从最后一段第二句 But it was a tireless all purpose cultural view that she made her lasting fame 可知选 A 第 6 题 2016 年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语安徽卷 People fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor in 1944 when she starred in National Velvet the story of Velvet Brown a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race At first the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet However they waited for her for a few months as she exercised and trained and added three inches to her height in four months Her acting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932 Her parents both Americans had moved there for business reasons When World war II started the Taylor moved to Beverly Hills California and there Elizabeth started acting in movies After her success as a child star Taylor had no trouble moving into adult 成人 roles and won twice for Best Actress Butterfield 8 1960 and Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf 1966 Taylor s fame 名声 and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry so she was able to demand very high pay for her movies In 1963 she received 1 million for her part in Cleopatra the highest pay received by any star up to that time Elizabeth Taylor is a legend 传奇人物 of our time Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet she has been lucky she has beauty fame and wealth But she is also a hard worker Taylor seldom acts in movies any more Instead she puts her time and efforts into her businesses and into helping others several years ago she founded an organization that has raised more than 40 million for research and education 60 The producers didn t let Taylor play the part of Velvet at first because they thought she A was small in size B was too young C did not play well enough D did not show much interest 61 What Elizabeth Taylor and Velvet Brown had in common was that they were both A popular all their lives B famous actresses C successful when very young D rich and kind hearted 62 Taylor became Best Actress at the age of A 12 B 28 C 31 D 34 63 In her later life Elizabeth Taylor devoted herself to A doing business and helping othersB turning herself into a legend C collecting money for the poorD going about research and education work 答案 60 A 61 C 62 B 63 A 60 解析 这是一道细节推断题 根据第一段第二句 At first the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet 这里的 small 是指身高而不 是年龄 因为剧组又等她长了 3 英寸才开始拍 所以选 A 61 解析 这是一道细节推断题 根据第一段 the story of Velvet Brown a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race 和第二段 After her success as a child star 可以推断 两个都是很小就成名了 62 解析 这是一道细节推断题 根据 Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932 和 Taylor had no trouble moving into adult roles and won twice for Best Actress Butterfield8 1960 and Who s Afraid of Virginia Woolf 1966 可知第一次获得最佳演员是 1960 年 2