新版新目标英语八上第二单元知识点

人教版八年级上册英语知识点人教版八年级上册英语知识点 Unit 2 How often do you exercise 一 重点短语归纳 1 go to the movies go to the cinema 去看电影 2 look after take care of 照顾 3 surf the internet 上网 4 healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5 go skateboarding 去滑滑板 watch TV 看电视 6 keep healthy stay healthy keep in good health 保持健康 keep 形容词 表保持某种状态 do some reading 阅读 7 exercise take do much exercise do sports 锻炼 8 eating habit 饮食习惯 9 take more exercise 做更多的运动 10 be the same as 与什么相同 11 once a month 一月一次 12 be different from 不同 13 twice a week 一周两次 three times a week 一周三次 14 make a difference to 对什么有影响 如 As teachers you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students 身为教师 你们必须坚信你们能够影响学生的一生 如 A false step will make a great difference to my future 错走一步对我的前程来说会产生很 大影响 15 how often 多久一次 询问动作发生的频率 how many times 多少次 用来提问做某事的次数 16 although though 虽然 17 most of the students most students 大多数学生 18 shop go shopping do some shopping 购物 19 as for 至于 20 activity survey 活动调查 21 do homework 做家庭作业 22 do housework 做家务事 23 eat less meat 吃更少的肉 24 junk food 垃圾食物 25 be good for 对什么有益 26 be bad for 对什么有害 27 want to do sth 想做某事 28 want sb to do sth 想某人做某事 29 try to do sth 尽量做某事 e home from school 放学回家 31 of course certainly sure 当然 32 get good grades 取得好成绩 33 some advice 一些建议 some advice 中的 advice 是不可数名词 a piece of advice 一则建议 give advice 提出建议 take one s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议 34 help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth 35 a lot of vegetables many vegetables 许多蔬菜 36 hardly almost not 几乎不 hardly ever 很少 几乎不 从不 37 keep be in good health 保持健康 38 your favorite program 你最喜欢的节目 39 Animal World 动物世界 40 play soccer 踢足球 41 every day 每天 42 once or twice a week 每周一两次 43 three or four times a week 每周三四次 44 at Green High School 在格林高中 45 all students 所有的学生 46 most students 大多数学生 47 some students 一些学生 48 no students 没有学生 49 the result of a survey 调查结果 50 the result for watch TV 看电视 的调查结果 51 improve your English 提高你的英语 52 drink milk 喝牛奶 53 pretty healthy 相当健康 pretty adv 相当 非常 Pretty 用作副词时 rather very quite 非常 相当 54 kind of a little 有点 I think I m kind of unhealthy 我想我有点不健康 on weekends 在周末 ask sb about sth 就某事询问某人 by doing sth 通过做某事 go online 去上网 the answer to the question 问题的答案 stay up late 熬夜 the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方式 at least twice a week 一周至少 2 次 such as 比如 诸如 less than 少于 more than 多于 hardly ever 几乎从不 swing dance 摇摆舞 go to bed early 早点睡觉 in one s free time 在某人的业余时间 help with housework 帮忙做家务 old habits die hard 积习难改 play tennis 打网球 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go shopping do some shopping 购物 spend time with sb 和某人一起度过时光 spend time money on sth 在某方面花费时间或金钱 spend time money in doing sth 花费时间或金钱做某事 sometimes at times 有时 help with housework 帮助做家务 二 重点句子 1 How often do you exercise 你 你们 多久锻炼一次身体 解析 How often 助动词 do does 或 did 主语 do sth 疑问词 how often 是问频率 多久一次 在这里助动词 do does 或 did 是起帮助构成疑问的 作用 与一般现在时或一般过去时连用 回答一般是用表示频率的副词 如 once twice three times sometimes often quite often never every day once a week twice a month three times a month three or four times a month 等 Eg1 How often do you go to the factory Twice a week 你们多久到工厂去一次 每星期两次 Eg2 How often does he go shopping He goes shopping once a month 2 What do you usually do on weekends I usually play soccer 周末你通常做什么 我通常踢足球 解析 第一个 do 为助动词 在这起帮助构成疑问的作用 而第二个 do 则是实义动词 Eg1 What do you usually do on weekends I often go to the movies Eg2 What does she usually do on weekends She sometimes go hiking 3 What s your favorite program It s Animal World 你最喜欢什么节目 动物世界 4 As for homework most students do homework every day 解析 as for 意思是 至于 关于 常用于句首作状语 其后跟名词 代词或动词的 ing 形式 即动名词 如 As for him I never want to see him here 至于他 我永远不希望在这里见到 As for the story you d better not believe it 关于那故事 你最好不要相信 As for myself I don t want to go now 至于我自己 我现在不想去 As for the man I know nothing about him 至于那个人 我什么都不知道 5 Mom wants me to get up at 6 00 and play ping pong with her 解析 want to do sth 意思是 想要做某事 want sb to do sth 意思是 想要某人做某事 如 Eg1 Do you want to go to the movies with me 你想和我一起去看电影吗 Eg2 The teacher doesn t want us to eat hamburgers 老师不想让我们吃汉堡包 注意 有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语 如 ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事 help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 6 She says it s good for my health 解析 be good for 表示 对 有益 有好处 其反义为 be bad for 这里 for 是介词 后跟名词 代词或动名词 如 Eg1 It s good for us to do more reading 多读书对我们有好处 Eg2 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes 在床上读书对你的眼睛有害 7 How many hours do you sleep every night 8 I exercise every day usually when I come home from school 9 My eating habits are pretty good 解析 这里 pretty 相当于 very 10 I try to eat a lot of vegetables usually ten to eleven times a week 解析 try to do sth 表示 尽力做某事 不包含是否成功的意思 try doing sth 表示 用某一办法 试着去做某事 如 eg You d better try doing the experiment in another way 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验 11 My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades 解析 help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 12 Good food and exercise help me to study better 解析 这里 better 是 well 的比较级 而不是 good 的比较级 13 Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours 解析 be the same as be different from 14 What sports do you play 15 A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health 解析 keep in good health keep healthy stay healthy 16 You must try to eat less meat 解析 try to do sth 表示 尽力做某事 不包含是否成功的意思 less 是 little 的比较级 17 That sounds interesting 解析 这是 主语 系动词 表语 结构的简单句 sound 听起来 look 看起来 smell 闻起来 taste 尝起来 feel 觉得 seem 好象 grow 变得 get 变得 等词在英语中可用作系动词 后跟形容词作表语 如 Eg1 It tastes good 这味道好 Eg2 The music sounds very sweet 这音乐听起来很入耳 Eg3 The smoke grew heavier and heavier 烟雾变得越来越浓了 18 I think I m kind of unhealthy 我想我有点不健康 解析 kind of a little a kind of 一种 19 Exercise such as playing basketball is fun 像打篮球这样的锻炼是有趣的 20 although though 虽然 如 Although he is old he is quite strong He is old but he is quite strong 解析 句子中 有 although 或 though 就不可再用 but 但可用 yet 或 still 仍然 还 与之类似的情况 有 because 就不能再用 so 21 She says it s good for my health 她说它对我的健康有好处 解析 be good for 对 有益 其反义词组 be bad for 对 有害 如 Eating vegetables is good for your health 吃蔬菜对你的健康有益 辨析 be good for be good at be good with be good for 对 有益 be good at 擅长于 be good with 和 相处的好 如 I m good at playing football Are you good at children 22 How come 怎么回事 解析 表示某件事很奇怪 有点想不通 可单独使用 也可引导一个问句 相当于疑问词 why 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序 如 How come you didn t tell me about it Why didn t you tell me about it 你怎么不早点告诉我这件事 23 well how about Tuesday 哦 那星期二怎么样啊 解析 How about What about 怎么样 用来向对方征求意见 如 It s very sunny today how what about playing tennis 24 Twenty percent don t exercise at all 20 的学生根本不锻炼 解析 not at all 一点也不 根本不 如 He didn t do his homework at all yesterday 昨天他根本没有做作业 拓展 not at all 不客气 you are welcome 如 Thank you very much Not at all xK b1 Co m 三 词语辨析 1 注意 sometimes 与几个形似的词的区别 1 sometime 是副词 意为 在某个时候 某时 例 Will you come again sometime next week 2 some time 是名词词组 意为 一段时间 做时间状语用 例 I will stay here for some time 我将在这呆一段时间 3 some times 是名词词组 意为 几次 几倍 例 I met him some times in the street last month 上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了 4 sometimes 是频度副词 意为 有时 at times 例 He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends 他有时周末去滑滑板 2 time 意为 时间 时 为不可数名词 意为 次数 倍数 时 为可数名词 例 1 What time is it 例 2 I go to the movies three times a week 注意 1 次数 的表达方法 一次 once 两次 twice 三次或三次以上用基数词加上 times three times five times one hundred times 2 表示 几次 的表达方法是 once a day a week a month a year twice a day a week a month a year 3 same 与 different 解析 1 same 指 相同的 前面通常要有一个定冠词 the 但是如果 same 前面已经有 this those 等词 不能再与 the 连用了 例 We are in the same class 我们在同一个班级 结构 the same as 与 一样 如 例 His mark is the same as mine 他的分数和我的分数一样 2 different 译为 不同的 其后的可数名词应为复数形式 例 We are in different classes 我们在不同的班级 结构 be different from 与 不同 例 This sweater is different from that one 这件毛衣与那一件不同 different 的名词形式为 difference 复数形式为 differences 4 hard hardly 1 hard hard 既可作形容词 也可作副词 adj 辛苦的 困难的 adv 努力 使劲地 例 1 He had a hard adj time in the past 例 2 It s a hard adj question difficult 这是一个难的问题 例 3 The boy studies very hard adv 那男孩学习非常努力 例 4 He works hard 他努力工作 结构 It s hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的 如 例 It s hard for him to finish the work 完成那项工作对他来说很难 注意区分 hard work 困难的工作 work hard 努力工作 2 hardly hardly 是频度副词 表示否定的意思 almost not 通常用在形容词 副词和 动词之前 hardly adv 几乎不 简直不 例 1 I can hardly see it 我几乎看不到它 例 2 He hardly works 他几乎不工作 反意疑问句 It hardly rains here does it 5 how often how long how soon how far 1 how often 隔多久一次 指动作的频率 答语常用 often never twice a week 等表示频 率的副词或短语 用于一般现在时或一般过去时 例 1 How often do you go to the movies 例 2 Once a week I never go to the movies 2 how long 1 延续 多长时间 答语常用 for 时间段或 since 时间点 用于各种 时态 2 询问物体的长度 例 1 How long is the Yellow River 例 2 How long have you learned English w W w x K b 1 c o M 例 3 I have learned it for 5 years 例 4 I have learned it since 5 years ago 3 how soon 还要多久才 多久以后 答语常用 in 时间段 用于一般将来时 例 1 How soon will she come back 例 2 She ll come back in an hour 4 how far 多远 询问距离 例 1 Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home 例 2 How far is it from your home to our school It s 2 kilometers away 句型 It is adj for sb to do sth 和 It is adj of sb to do sth 区别 两个句型中 for sb 和 of sb 怎么区别 在使用时要注意 adj 是说明 sb 的品质特点的还是说 明 to do sth 的就可以了 即 说明 sb 的品质特点用 of sb 说明 to do sth 用 for sb 简单一句话说就是 说人的用 of sb 说事的用 for sb for sb 常用于表示事物的特征特点 表示客观形式的形容词 如 easy hard difficult interesting important impossible 等 如 It s very hard for him to study two languages 对他来说学两门外语是很难的 2 of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格 品德 表示主观感情或态度的形容词 如 good kind nice clever foolish right 如 It s very nice of you to help me 你来帮助我 你真是太好了 例 It is difficult for him to finish the task within two hours difficult 说明完成任务难 It is kind of you to help me kind 说明你善良 across 与 through 区别 across 为 横穿 与 道路 交叉形成 十字 即 从物体表面经过 如 过河 过桥 过马路 而 through 为在立体空间中的 穿过 即 从物体内部经过 如 穿过森林 隧道 如 go through the forest 穿过森林 go across the street 穿过大街 8 every day 与 everyday 区别 1 every day 作状语 译为 每一天 如 We go to school at 7 10 every day 我们每天 7 10 去上学 I decide to read English every d