高考英语一轮复习 阅读能力暑假自练（四）1.doc

河南嵩县2017高考英语阅读能力暑假自练（四）【由上海市徐汇区2014诊断卷改编】完形填空 Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.“What are you going to be when you grow up?” is a question that you may have been asked. You may not even know there are a variety of geography-related jobs. The Association of American Geographers lists nearly 150 different geography jobs. So, if you are interested in people, places, and environments, consider a job in geography. Your work will not be limited to mapsit might range from 1 data to planning projects, or making decisions about the environment.Processing Geographic Data A geographers main activity is analyzing geographic information to answer geographic questions. Jobs processing geographic data begin, of course, with collecting the information. One on-the-ground job in data collection is that of a surveyor. Surveyors 2 and measure the land directly. They may mark boundaries, study the shape of the land, or even help find sewer(下水道) and water systems beneath the Earth. High-tech information-gathering jobs include working with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data. Some examples of these jobs include remote sensing specialists and GIS analysts. Data analysis jobs require the ability to think 3 , high-level computer skills, and a college education.Once data have been processed, a geographer may study the information to use in planning projects such as a new urban area, a(n) 4 evacuation(撤退) plan, or the placement of a new highway. Planners can also help determine how to make a neighborhood a better place to live. These jobs, too, require good critical thinking, writing, and computer skills, as well as a college education. Planners are 5 to the success of a community.Advising Businesses and Government About half of jobs using geography are in business and government. All kinds of businesses use geographic information to help build and 6 their operations. A location analyst studies an area to find the best location for a client. The client might be a large retail store chain that wants to know which location would be best for opening a new store. The location analyst can study GIS reports on such elements as transportation networks or population in an area and give the business owners the positive and 7 points about a location being considered.In 1967, the Mexican government was looking for a location to create a new international tourist resort. They used location analysts to find an area that had good beaches and was easy to reach from the United States. The 8 was Cancn, today one of the worlds most desirable vacation sites. Businesses connected with natural 9 such as forests also rely on geographers. Geographers help them understand the relationship between their business and the environment where their business is located. In 1967, Cancn was a small island on Mexicos Caribbean coast. It had white sand beaches, many birds and mangrove(红树) trees, but few people. After it was selected as a resort site, it was quickly 10 . Today, Cancn has more than 100 hotels and 500,000 permanent residents. Many work in the tourist industry that serves the millions of visitors who come each year from all over the world. Physical and Human GeographyPhysical geographers are sometimes called earth scientists. Some study such topics as geomorphology (地形学), that is, the study of how the shape of the Earth 11 . Others study weather and climate. Still others study water, the oceans, soils, or ecology. Jobs in these fields require 12 scientific training.Some geographers study economic, political, and 13 issues as they relate to place or region. Human geographers are usually hired by government agencies to analyze a specific problem. These geographers work 14 with political scientists, economists, and sociologists. Together, they provide possible solutions to problems from many different aspects of life in an area. And, of course, geographers teach the subject at all levels of 15 , from elementary schools to universities. But no matter what geography jobs people might hold, they are always trying to answer the basic geographic questions: “Where are things located?” and “Why are they there?” 1.A. performing B. analyzingC. appreciatingD. downloading2.A. map B. mineC. shape D. honour3.A. creativelyB. critically C. wildlyD. moderately 4.A. disasterB. radioactivityC. excursionD. vacation5.A. qualifiedB. determinedC. valuableD. feasible 6.A. surviveB. expandC. manageD. boom 7.A. negative B. effectiveC. depressiveD. profitable 8.A. sceneryB. destinationC. resultD. foundation 9.A. potentialsB. histories C. resourcesD. sciences 10.A. specializedB. pollutedC. governedD. transformed 11.A. proceedsB. stretches C. extendsD. changes 12.A. peculiarB. specialC. reasonableD. enthusiastic 13.A. psychologicalB. contemporaryC. religiousD. social 14.A. closely B. peacefullyC. loyally D. sensitively 15.A. demonstrationB. revolutionC. examinationD. education 【参考答案】Section A1-5 BABAC 6-10 BACCD 11-15 DBDAD 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Most young architectsparticularly those in big citiescan only dream about working in a building of their own. And making that dream come true often means finding a building no one else seems to want,which is exactly what happened to David Yocum and his partner,Brian Bell. Their building is a former automobile electrical-parts firm in Atlanta. From the outside,it looks too old,even something horrible,but open the door and you are in a wide,open courtyard,lined on three sides with rusting (生锈的)walls.In 2000,Yocum and Bell found this building in the citys West End. Built in 1947,the structure had been abandoned years earlier and the roof of the main building had fallen down. But the price was right,so Yocum bought it. He spent eight months of his off-hours on demolition (拆除),pulling rubbish out through the roof,because it was too dangerous to go inside the building. The demolition was hard work,but it gave him time to think about what he wanted to do,and“to treasure what was therethe walls,the rust,the light. “ Yocum said. “Every season,more paint falls off the walls and more rust develops. Its like an art installation (装置)in therea slow-motion show. “Since the back building had been constructed without windows,an all-glass front was added to the building to give it a view of the courtyard,and skylights were installed in the roof. The back of the building is a working area and a living room for Yocum and his wife. A sort of buffer (缓冲) zone between the front and the back contains a bathroom,a kitchen and a mechanical room,and the walls that separate these zones have openings that allow views through to the front of the studio and the courtyard beyond.Yocum and Bell,who have just completed an art gallery for the city,feel that the experience from the decoration of their building,focusing on the inside rather than the outside,has influenced their work. It has also given these architects a chance to show how they can make more out of less.1. According to the passage,it isfor most young architects in big cities to work in a building of their own.A. easyB. unnecessaryC. unrealisticD. common2. Yocum bought the old building because.A. it was a bargain to him B. it was still in good conditionC. it was located in the city center D. it looked attractive from the outside3. Working on the old building,Yocum and Bell.A. pulled rubbish out through the roofB. removed the skylights from the bathroomC. presented a slow-motion show in an art galleryD. built a kitchen at the back part of the old building4. It can be inferred from the passage that Yocum and Bell.A. benefited a lot from pulling down the roofB. turned more old buildings into art galleriesC. got inspiration from decorating their old buildingD. paid more attention to the outside of the art gallery5. The main idea of the passage is that.A. people can learn a lot from their failuresB. it is worthwhile to spend money on an old buildingC. people should not judge things by their appearanceD. creative people can make the best of what they have【参考答案】1-5 、CAACD社会生活类。Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubledto $1. 01 per packsmokers have jammed telephone“quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.This is not a surprise to public health advocates. Theyve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every tax increase. The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely. In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost $10. 06 at one drugstore Wednesday. In Charleston, S. C. , where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation, the price was $4. 78. The influence is obvious.In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys13. 8%, far below the national average. By comparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky. Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records. Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans“who choose to smoke.”Thats true. But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the first place. As for todays adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on their families, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better. 1. The text is mainly about.A. the price of cigarettesB. the rate of teen smokingC. the effect of tobacco tax increaseD. the differences in tobacco tax rate2. What does the author think is a surprise? A. Teen smokers are price sensitive.B. Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.C. Tobacco taxes improve public health.D. Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.3. The underlined word“deter” in Paragraph 3 most probably means.A. discourageB. removeC. benefitD. free4. Rogers attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of.A. toleranceB. unconcernC. doubtD. sympathy5. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.B. Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.C. Future generations will be hooked on smoking.D. Adults will depend more on their families.【参考答案】61.1-5 CBADA 科普常识类(2013浙江，B)Below is a selection from a popular science book.If blood is red，why are veins(静脉) blue?Actually，veins are not blue at all.They are more of a clear，yellowish colour.Although blood looks red when its outside the body，when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin，its more of a dark reddish purple colour.At the right depth，these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin，making them look blue by comparison.Which works harder，your heart or your brain?That kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising.Your heart works up to three times harder during exercise，and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.But，in the long run，your brain probably tips it，because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart，and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.Why do teeth fall out，and why dont they grow back in grownups?Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long；they fall out to make room for bigger，stronger adult teeth later on.Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged，decayed and infected by bacteria.Once this second set of teeth has grown in，youre done.When theyre gone，theyre gone.This is because nature figures youre set for life，and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.Do old people shrink as they age?Yes and no.Many people do get shorter as they age.But，when they do，it isnt because theyre shrinking all over.They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.Men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age，while women may lose 5 cm or more.If you live to be 200 years old，would you keep shrinking till you were，like 60 cm tall，like a little boy again？No，because old people dont really shrink！It is not that they are growing backwardstheir legs，arms and backbones getting shorter.When they do get shorter，its because the spine has shortened a little.Or，more often，become more bent and curved.Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?Because your brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling.The brain senses that youre spinning using special gravityandmotionsensing organs in your inner ear，which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable.But，when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control，and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!Where do feelings and emotions come from?Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system.All mammals have this brain areafrom mice to dogs，cats，and humans.So all mammals feel basic emotions like fear，pain and pleasure.But since human feelings also involve other，newer bits of the brain，we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.If exercise wears you out，how can it be good for you?Because our bod