高中英语主谓一致讲解及练习

1 高中英语主谓一致高中英语主谓一致 一 主谓一致的应用 一 主谓一致的应用 1 名词作主语 名词作主语 1 某些集体名词 如 某些集体名词 如 family team 等作主语时 如果作为一个整体看待 谓语等作主语时 如果作为一个整体看待 谓语 动词用单数形式 如果就其中一个个成员而言 谓语动词用复数形式 如 动词用单数形式 如果就其中一个个成员而言 谓语动词用复数形式 如 His family is a happy one The whole family are watching TV 这类名词有 这类名词有 audience class club company crew enemy crowd government group p arty public team 等 等 2 某些集体名词 如 某些集体名词 如 people police cattle 等 只当复数看待 谓语动词必须用等 只当复数看待 谓语动词必须用 复数 如 复数 如 The police are searching for the thief 4 当名词词组中心词为表示度量 距离 金额 时间 书名等复数名词时 往 当名词词组中心词为表示度量 距离 金额 时间 书名等复数名词时 往 往可以根据意义一致的原则 把这些复数名词看作一个整体 谓语用单数形式 如 往可以根据意义一致的原则 把这些复数名词看作一个整体 谓语用单数形式 如 Three years has passed since then 5 不定代词 不定代词 each every no 所修饰的名词即使以所修饰的名词即使以 and 或逗号连接成多主语时 或逗号连接成多主语时 谓语动词仍用单数形式 如 谓语动词仍用单数形式 如 Each boy and each girl wants to go to the cinema 6 如果主语有 如果主语有 more than one 很多很多 非常非常 或或 many a 许多许多 构成 尽管从意构成 尽管从意 义上看是复数内容 但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式 如 义上看是复数内容 但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式 如 More than one student has read the book Many a girl has been there 7 一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时 谓语动词通常用复数 一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时 谓语动词通常用复数 形式 例如 形式 例如 glasses clothes trousers shoes compasses chopsticks scissors 等 但等 但 如果主语用如果主语用 a kind of a pair of a series of 等加名词等加名词 构成时 谓语动词一般用单数构成时 谓语动词一般用单数 形式 如 形式 如 A pair of shoes was on the desk 8 this kind of men 的谓语动词用单数 的谓语动词用单数 men of this kind 的谓语动词用复数 的谓语动词用复数 all kinds of 后跟复数名词 谓语动词用复数形式 如 后跟复数名词 谓语动词用复数形式 如 This kind of men is dangerous Men of this kind are dangerous 9 复数形式的单 复数同形名词作主语时 按意义一致原则 作用单数意义时 复数形式的单 复数同形名词作主语时 按意义一致原则 作用单数意义时 谓语用单数 反之 谓语用复数 这类名词有 谓语用单数 反之 谓语用复数 这类名词有 means 方法 方法 works 工厂 工厂 species 种类 种类 Chinese Japanese 等 如 等 如 The This glass works was set up in 1980 这家玻璃厂建于这家玻璃厂建于 1980 年 年 The These glass works are near the railway station 这些玻璃厂在火车站附 这些玻璃厂在火车站附 近 近 2 10 all most half rest of 看看 of 后面的词 所指的复数意义 谓语动词用复数后面的词 所指的复数意义 谓语动词用复数 形式 反之 用单数 如 形式 反之 用单数 如 All of my classmates like music All of the water is gone 11 在主谓倒装的句子中 谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 如 在主谓倒装的句子中 谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 如 Between the two windows hangs a picture 2 由连接词连接的名词作主语 由连接词连接的名词作主语 1 用 用 and 或或 both and 连接并列主语 谓语动词通常用复数形式 如 连接并列主语 谓语动词通常用复数形式 如 Plastics and rubber never rot Walking and riding are good exercises 2 当主语后面跟有 当主语后面跟有 as well as as much as no less than along with with like rather than together with but except besides including in addition to 等引导的词等引导的词 组时 其谓语动词的单 复数由引导词前面的主语而定 如 组时 其谓语动词的单 复数由引导词前面的主语而定 如 The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library 以 以 or either or neither nor not only but also 等连接的名词 代词 作等连接的名词 代词 作 主语时 谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则 如 主语时 谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则 如 Tom or his brothers are waiting in the room Either you or he is to go 3 代词作主语 代词作主语 1 关系代词 关系代词 who that which 等在定语从句中作主语时 其谓语动词的数应与等在定语从句中作主语时 其谓语动词的数应与 句中先行词的数一致 如 句中先行词的数一致 如 Those who want to go please put up your hands Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun 2 疑问代词 疑问代词 who what which 作主语时 谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意作主语时 谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意 思决定单 复数 如 思决定单 复数 如 Who lives next door It is Xiao Liu Who live next door It is Zhang and Liu What produce s heat 4 分数 量词作主语 分数 量词作主语 1 分数或百分数分数或百分数 名词名词 构成的短语以及由构成的短语以及由 a lot of lots of plenty of a large quantity of half of 名词名词 构成的短语作主语时 其谓语动词要与短语中构成的短语作主语时 其谓语动词要与短语中 of 后面的名后面的名 词的数保持一致 这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词 而短语中前面的量词是修词的数保持一致 这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词 而短语中前面的量词是修 饰语 例如 饰语 例如 Lots of damage was caused by fire About three fourths of the earth s surface is covered with water Three fifths of the workers here are women 和这种情况类似的还有和这种情况类似的还有 a number of 名词复数名词复数 谓语用复数译为大量 许多 谓语用复数译为大量 许多 the number of 中心词是中心词是 number 谓语用单数 译为谓语用单数 译为 的数量的数量 A number of students have gone home 3 The number of pages in this book is two hundred 注意 注意 large quantities of 不可数名词 其短语作主语时 谓语动词一般用复数 例如 不可数名词 其短语作主语时 谓语动词一般用复数 例如 Quantities of food nuts were on the table 短语短语 in quantity in large quantities 意为意为 大量大量 in small quantities 意为意为 少量少量 2 a great deal of a large amount of 修饰不可数名词 其短语作主语时 谓语修饰不可数名词 其短语作主语时 谓语 动词通常用单数 动词通常用单数 large amounts of 修饰不可数名词 其短语作主语时 谓语动词通修饰不可数名词 其短语作主语时 谓语动词通 常用复数 例如 常用复数 例如 A large amount of A great deal of damage was done in a very short time Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge 3 表示数量的 表示数量的 one and a half 后 名词要用复数形式 但是其短语作主语时 后 名词要用复数形式 但是其短语作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 例如 谓语动词用单数形式 例如 One and a half bananas is left on the table 5 名词化的形容词作主语 名词化的形容词作主语 如果主语由如果主语由 the 形容词 或过去分词 形容词 或过去分词 结构担任时 谓语通常用复数 这类词结构担任时 谓语通常用复数 这类词 有 有 the brave the poor the rich the blind the young the old the sick the dead the deaf and dumb the oppressed the injured the wounded the unemployed 等 等 The blind study in special schools The poor live in a undeveleped country 6 从句作主语 从句作主语 1 由 由 what 引导的主语从句 谓语动词所指的具体内容是复数意义时 谓语动引导的主语从句 谓语动词所指的具体内容是复数意义时 谓语动 词一般用复数形式 反之 单数 例如 词一般用复数形式 反之 单数 例如 What we need is more time What we need are doctors 4 1 Three died in the terrible fire in Luoyang last winter A hundreds peopleB hundred people C hundreds peoplesD hundred peoples 2 Either you or the president the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting A is handing outB are to hand out C are handing outD is to hand out 3 I who your close friend will try my best to help you out of trouble A amB isC areD be 4 The Olympic Games in the year 2008 in Beijing of China which known to us all A is to hold isB is to be held was C are to hold isD are to be held is 5 There a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep up A were itB are them C was itD is them 6 Three million tons of coal every year in the city A is exploited B are exploited C had exploitedD have exploited 7 Stories of the Long March popular with the young people now A isB wasC areD were 8 Mathematics the language of science A areB are going to be C isD is to be 9 Both rice and wheat grown in our country A isB areC wasD were 10 either of your parents come to see you recently A HaveB HadC HasD Is 11 What the children in the mountain village need good books A is B areC haveD has 12 The whole family TV attentively A are watchingB is watching C is seeingD are seeing 13 Nothing but several glasses bought by my father the day before yesterday A wasB were 5 C have beenD would be 14 At the bus stop a soldier and two young people on their way to the village A wereB wasC isD sits 15 If law and order neither the citizen nor his family is safe A are not preservedB is not preserved C were preservedD have not been preserved 16 There little change in that middle school A haveB hadC have beenD has been 17 What such a sunset is strange to us all A going to beB C isD that 18 Seventy five percent of the earth s surface with water A is covered B is covering C were coveredD are covered 19 The following some other mental diseases A beingB areC wasD were 20 Not only you but also I able to help him out A areB isC amD were 21 The Kites us a story of the kite s history A have toldB tells C were toldD was told 22 You and I twin sisters A wereB areC isD am 23 A teacher of English and class teacher us something about volunteer workers A are telling B is telling C are givenD were given 24 Thousands of tons of rubbish over a large period of time A rots awayB rot away C has rotted awayD are rotted away 25 Mayor as well as volunteer workers the newly built stadium A is cleaning B are cleaning C were cleaningD have cleaned 26 Many a student something about Abraham Lincoln A have knownB knows C is knownD are known 27 The defence works built long ago to keep the enemy away A wereB has been C had beenD was 28 Have you all studied the passage Using the Mind against Disease 6 A Nobody of us hasB Nobody of us have C None of us hasD None of us did 29 A group of Italian soldiers quickly towards their position A were advancingB were advanced C was advancingD advancing 30 Everyone men and women old and young sports and games A is enjoyB were enjoying C enjoysD enjoy 1 解析 选解析 选 B hundred 一词前面有具体数词修饰时不加一词前面有具体数词修饰时不加 s 2 解析 选解析 选 D 当当 either or 连接两个并列主语时 句子的谓语动词在人称和数上连接两个并列主语时 句子的谓语动词在人称和数上 和后一个主语保持一致 和后一个主语保持一致 be 不定式不定式 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作 表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作 3 解析 选解析 选 A who 为引导定语从句的关系代词 其先行词是为引导定语从句的关系代词 其先行词是 I 所以谓语动词要用所以谓语动词要用 am 4 解析 选解析 选 D 主语主语 the Olympic Games 意为 奥运会 谓语动词要用非第三人称意为 奥运会 谓语动词要用非第三人称 单数形式 后半部分为单数形式 后半部分为 which 引导的非限制情定语从句 其谓语动词要用单数形式 引导的非限制情定语从句 其谓语动词要用单数形式 5 解析 选解析 选 C there be 句型中句型中 be 动词的单复数取决于其后的主语 动词的单复数取决于其后的主语 a lot of rubbish 不可数名词不可数名词 因此后面谓语动词要用单数 因此后面谓语动词要用单数 6 解析 选解析 选 A 主语为主语为 coal 是不可数名词 根据题意 此处要用被动语态 是不可数名词 根据题意 此处要用被动语态 7 解析 选解析 选 A 主语主语 Stories of the Long March 是书名 谓语动词要用第三人称单数是书名 谓语动词要用第三人称单数 形式 形式 8 解析 选解析 选 C 此处此处 mathematics 为学科名词 作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单为学科名词 作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单 数形式 数形式 9 解析 选解析 选 B both and 连接两个并列主语时 句子的谓语动词要用非第三人称连接两个并列主语时 句子的谓语动词要用非第三人称 单数形式 单数形式 10 解析 选解析 选 C either 是主语部分的中心词 助动词要与是主语部分的中心词 助动词要与 either 要数上保持一致 要数上保持一致 11 解析 选解析 选 B what 引导的主语从句作主语时 谓语动词要根据后面的名词的数来引导的主语从句作主语时 谓语动词要根据后面的名词的数来 决定 此处要用非第三人称单数形式 决定 此处要用非第三人称单数形式 12 解析 选解析 选 A 此处指 家里的各个成员 所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式 此处指 家里的各个成员 所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式 13 解析 选解析 选 A 此处此处 nothing 句子的主语 谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式 句子的主语 谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式 14 解析 选解析 选 A 此句为倒装句 句子的主语是此句为倒装句 句子的主语是 a soldier and two young people 15 解析 选解析 选 B 此处主语此处主语 law and order 指的是同一个概念 所以谓语动词要用第指的是同一个概念 所以谓语动词要用第 三人称单数形式三人称单数形式 16 解析 选解析 选 D 此处此处 there be 结构中的主语结构中的主语 little change 是不可数名词 是不可数名词 17 解析 选解析 选 C 本句是主语从句 缺谓语 所以要用第三人称单数形式 本句是主语从句 缺谓语 所以要用第三人称单数形式 18 解析 选解析 选 A 本句缺谓语 主语本句缺谓语 主语 percent 后面是不可数名词 所以要用第三人称后面是不可数名词 所以要用第三人称 单数形式 单数形式 7 19 解析 选解析 选 B 本句的表语本句的表语 是复数形式 所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形 是复数形式 所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形 20 解析 选解析 选 C 根据根据 就近一致性原则 谓语用就近一致性原则 谓语用 am 21 解析 选解析 选 B 本句的主语是书名 从整体考虑 谓语是第三人称单数形 本句的主语是书名 从整体考虑 谓语是第三人称单数形 22 解析 选解析 选 B 用用 and 连接两个并列主语时 谓语用非第三人称单数形连接两个并列主语时 谓语用非第三人称单数形 23 解析 选解析 选 B 本句主语是同一个人 谓语用第三人称单数形式 本句主语是同一个人 谓语用第三人称单数形式 24 解析 选解析 选 B 本句主语是本句主语是 tons 是复数形式 是复数形式 rot 是不及物动词 不可用被动形式 是不及物动词 不可用被动形式 25 解析 选解析 选 A 本句主语本句主语 Mayor 是单数形式 谓语用第三人称单数形式 是单数形式 谓语用第三人称单数形式 26 解析 选解析 选 B 主语主语 many a student 意思是复数 形式是单数 谓语动词要用第三意思是复数 形式是单数 谓语动词要用第三 人称单数形 人称单数形 27 解析 选解析 选 D 主语主语 works 是集合名词 当成整体考虑 谓语动词要用第三人称是集合名词 当成整体考虑 谓语动词要用第三人称 单数形 单数形 Long ago 表示过去表示过去 28 解析 选解析 选 C 因为问句是完成时态 答句要用完成时态回答 另外主语不可用因为问句是完成时态 答句要用完成时态回答 另外主语不可用 nobody of us 29 解析 选解析 选 A 主语主语 a group of 在本句中表示具体每个人 在本句中表示具体每个人 30 解析 选解析 选 C 本句主语是不定代词本句主语是不定代词 everyone 为单数主语 谓语动词要用第三人 为单数主语 谓语动词要用第三人 称单数形 称单数形 练习 主谓一致练习 主谓一致 1 I 1 I who who youryour friend friend willwill trytry mymy bestbest toto helphelp youyou withwith youryour English English A amA am B isB is C areC are D beD be 2 2 TheThe richrich notnot alwaysalways happy happy A areA are B isB is C hasC has D haveD have 3 3 NeitherNeither TomTom nornor JackJack andand I I hishis students students A areA are B amB am C isC is D wasD was 4 4 MaryMary asas wellwell asas herher sisterssisters ChineseChinese inin China China A A areare studyingstudying B B havehave studiedstudied C C studiesstudies D D studystudy 5 5 NeitherNeither mymy fatherfather nornor I I atat home home A amA am B isB is C areC are D beD be 6 6 NotNot onlyonly mymy brotherbrother butbut alsoalso I I goodgood atat painting painting BothBoth ofof usus goodgood painters painters 8 A are areA are are B am amB am am C ani areC ani are D is isD is is 7 7 Every Every boyboy andand everyevery girlgirl toto attendattend thethe eveningevening party party A wishA wish B wishesB wishes C isC is likelike D likeD like 8 8 OverOver 8080 percentpercent ofof thethe populationpopulation ofof ChinaChina peasants peasants A wasA was B isB is C C wouldwould bebe D areD are 9 9 TheThe populationpopulation ofof ChinaChina largerlarger thanthan thatthat ofof any any otherother countrycountry inin thethe world world A isA is B areB are C hasC has D haveD have 10 10 EveryEvery meansmeans triedtried butbut withoutwithout anyany result result A A havehave beenbeen B isB is toto bebe C areC are toto bebe D D hashas beenbeen 11 11 Alice Alice togethertogether withwith twotwo boys boys forfor havinghaving brokenbroken thethe rule rule A A waswas punishedpunished B B punishedpunished C C werewere punishedpunished D D beingbeing punishedpunished 12 12 TheThe LeagueLeague secretarysecretary andand thethe monitor monitor askedasked toto attendattend thethe meeting meeting thisthis afternoon afternoon A isA is B wasB was C areC are D isD is beingbeing 13 13 TheThe greatgreat writerwriter andand professor professor A A isis anan oldold manman B B areare bothboth oldold menmen C C isis anan oldold manman andand a a youngyoung manman D D werewere twotwo ChineseChinese 14 14 ThereThere a a pen pen twotwo pencilspencils andand threethree booksbooks onon thethe desk desk A areA are B isB is C hasC has D haveD have 15 15 A A largelarge numbernumber ofof studentsstudents inin ourour class class girls girls A A areare B B waswas C C isis D D bebe 16 16 TheThe numbernumber ofof deer deer mountainmountain lionslions andand wildwild rosesroses muchmuch ifif peoplepeople leaveleave thingsthings asas theythey are are 9 A A doesn doesn t t changechange B don tB don t changechange C changeC change D changedD changed 17 17 TheThe ArabianArabian NightsNights wellwell knownknown toto thethe English English A A isis B B areare C C waswas D D werewere 18 18 ChairmanChairman Mao Mao s s worksworks published published A A hashas beenbeen B haveB have beenbeen C wasC was D isD is 19 19 A A chemicalchemical works works builtbuilt there there A A isis toto beingbeing B haveB have beenbeen C C werewere toto D hasD has beenbeen 20 20 TheThe OlympicOlympic GamesGames heldheld everyevery years years A is fourA is four B are fourB are four C is fiveC is five D are fiveD are five 2121 The The UnitedUnited StatesStates ofof AmericaAmerica oneone ofof thethe mostmost developeddeveloped countriescountries inin thethe world world A isA is B areB are C wasC was D wereD were 22 He22 He isis thethe onlyonly oneone ofof diedie studentsstudents whowho elected elected A A areare B haveB have C hasC has D isD is 23 Theis23 Theis isis oneone ofof thethe mostmost interestinginteresting questionsquestions thatthat asked asked A haveA have B hasB has C C havehave beenbeen D hasD has beenbeen 24 Many24 Many a a manman comecome toto helphelp us us A haveA have B hasB has C isC is D areD are 25 All 25 All presentpresent andand all all goinggoing onon well well ourour monitormonitor said said A is isA is is B are areB are are C are isC are is D is areD is are 10 26 26 TheThe policepolice thethe murderermurderer everywhereeverywhere whenwhen hehe suddenlysuddenly appearedappeared inin a a theatre theatre A A isis searchingsearching forfor B B werewere searchingsearching forfor C C areare searchingsearching forfor D D werewere searchingsearching 27 Your27 Your trousers trousers dirty Youdirty You mustmust have have washed washed A is ilA is il B are itB are it C are themC are them D is themD is them 28 This28 This pairpair ofof trouseistrouseis tootoo longlong forfor him him A isA is B beB be C areC are D wereD were 29 29 OneOne andand a a halfhalf bananasbananas leftleft onon thethe table table A isA is B areB are C hasC has D haveD have 30 30 EightEight timestimes eighteight sixtysixty four four A isA is B areB are C getC get D equalD equal 3131 Ten Ten minutes minutes anan hourhour whenwhen oneone isis waitingwaiting forfor a a phonephone call call A seemsA seems B seemB seem C seemedC seemed D seemesD seemes 32 of32 of thethe money money nmnm out out A A Three fifth Three fifth hashas B B Three fifth Three fifth hashas beenbeen C C Three fifths Three fifths hashas D D Three fifths Three fifths havehave 33 33 TheThe wholewhole classclass thethe teacherteacher attentively attentively A A areare listeninglistening toto B B isis listeninglistening toto C areC are listeninglistening D D isis listeninglistening 34 134 1 havehave finishedfinished a a largelarge partpart ofof thethe book book thethe restrest ofof which which moremore difficult difficult 11 A isA is B areB are C wasC was D wereD were 35 35 BetweenBetween thethe twotwo rowsrows ofof treestrees thethe teachingteaching building building A standA stand B standsB stands C C standingstanding D areD are 36 36 LargeLarge quantitiesquantities ofof waterwater forfor irrigation irrigation A A isis neededneeded B B hashas needed needed C C areare neededneeded D D needneed 37 37 ThatThat theythey werewere wrongwrong inin thesethese mattersmatters nownow clearclear toto usus all all A A isis B wasB was C areC are D allD all 38 What38 What wewe need need goodgood textbooks textbooks A isA is B areB are C haveC have D hasD has 39 39 WhatWhat youyou saidsaid justjust now now thethe mattermatter wewe areare discussing discussing A haveA have somethingsomething toto atat B B hashas somethingsomething toto dodo withwith C hadC had somethingsomething toto dodo withwith D hasD has beenbeen somethingsomething toto dodo withwith 40 40 MoreMore thanthan oneone membermember againstagainst thethe plan plan A A isis B areB are C hasC has D haveD have 41 41 WhenWhen andand wherewhere toto buildbuild thethe newnew factoryfactory yet yet A A hashas notnot decideddecided B B isis notnot decideddecided C C areare notnot decideddecided D D havehave notnot decideddecided 42 42 HalfHalf ofof thethe fruitfruit bad bad A A areare B B hashas C C isis D D havehave 43 43 eithereither ofof youryour parentsparents comecome toto seesee youyou recently recently 12 A A HaveHave B B HadHad C C HasHas D D IsIs 44 44 MathematicsMathematics thethe languagelanguage ofof science science A A areare B B areare goinggoing toto bebe C C isis D D isis toto bebe 45 45 MyMy familyfamily small small A A isis B B werewere C C areare D D makesmakes 46 46 TheThe followingfollowing somesome otherother examples examples A A areare B B isis C C waswas D D werewere 47 47 TheyThey bothboth havehave somesome friends friends butbut hishis moremore active active A A isis B B willwill bebe C C waswas D D areare 48 48 BothBoth ricerice andand wheatwheat growngrown inin thatthat country country A A isis B B areare C C waswas D D hashas 49 49 EarlyEarly toto bedbed andand earlyearly toto riserise a a goodgoo