期末复习语法之定语从句.doc

海门实验学校 高二英语 2014-6-3定语从句知识清单Made by Shi Boyu Checked by Zhao Jian定语从句在从句中起定语作用，修饰句中的_，被定语从句修饰的词叫_。连接两个句子的词叫_，分为_和_. 定语从句分为_和_指代人 who, whom, that, as指代事物 which, that, as所属关系 whose指地点 where 指时间 when指原因 why从句中缺主语，宾语找_;缺状语找_;缺定语找_. 基础知识回顾：1. The teachers _are present at our class are all experienced teachers.2. Our class is a small family _ consists of 17 girls and 22boys. Z.xxk3. Yue Nan is the girl _ English study is very good in our class.4. The school _ we are studying is very beautiful.5. _ we all know, we need make full use of our time.考点与难点归纳考点1：that 与 which限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词that的情况：（1） 当先行词是不定代词all;much;little;something;everything;anything;nothing;none等（2） 当先行词前面有the very;the only;any;few;little;no;all等词修饰时（3） 当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词的最高级修饰时（4） 当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数词修饰时（5） 当先行词既有人又有物时（6） 当主句的主语是疑问词如which时（7） 有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词用which，另外一个用that（8） 当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时。注意：在非限制醒定语从句中用which; 介词后面用which (在一些固定搭配的短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前 eg. This is the pen (which/that) Im looking for.)1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _ is standing there?4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen.5) She heard a terrible noise， _ brought her heart into her mouth.考点2：介词+关系词1. 当介词放在关系代词的前面时，关系代词只能用which或whom,并且不能省略。2. 复合介词短语+which 引导的定语从句，这种结构引导的定语从句常与先行词用逗号分开，定语从句常用倒装语序。3. 介词+which/whom 引导的定语从句有时可以转换成 介词+which/whom + 不定式结构。1. Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking? 2. He gave me some novels _ _ I am very interested. 3. I still remember the day _ _ I first come to Guannan Middle School.4.这是我要照顾的小孩。5.他住在一所大房子里，房子前面立着一棵大树。6.I was given three books on cooking, the first _I really enjoyed. A. of that B. of which C. that D. which考点3：as的用法1.as引导的非限制性定语从句既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主句之后。相同的是两者都可替代整个主句的内容，而不仅是主句中的某一个词。2.as多用于下列习惯用语中：as is well known=as is known to all; as we have expected; as often happens; as is mentioned above; suchas; suchthat3.当非限制性定语从句是否定句或表示否定时，只能用which.4.表达“正如(情形或事实所表示的那样),像一样的意思时，通常用as.1. English is so easy a subject_ everybody can learn well.2. English is so easy a subject_ everybody can learn it well.3. _ is known to all, you are the best students. _is known to all that you are the best students. _ is known to all is that you are the best students.4. He didnt pass the dictation, _ made the teacher surprised. 考点4：the way用做先行词 当先行词是way(意为”方式，方法”)，并在定语从句中充当状语时，引导定语从句的关系词有下列三种形式-that/in which/省略1.The way _he solved the maths problem was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he told us last night was quite simple.3. What made me angry was not what he said but _ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which考点5：关系副词where的考查对于where 这个词，考生不能只理解为表地点，当先行词是situation; condition; state; position; case; point等时，从句不缺主语和宾语，都可以用where 这个关系副词。1. I can think of many cases _students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.2. I can think of many cases_ you know nothing about.考点6：whose的用法whose+ n.= the + n + of which1. This is the house _ window broke last night.= This is the house _ window broke last night.2. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan.考点7：that引导的同位语从句和定语从句的区别that引导同位语从句时，应放在某些抽象名词之后，如news,word(消息), idea, fact, hope, desire, thought等，连接词that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分。that引导定语从句时，一方面起引导定语从句的作用，另一方面在定语句中担当主语，宾语或表语。1. The news _our football team won the match was encouraging._从句2. The news _ we heard on the radio was not true._从句考点8：定语从句与并列句结构，独立主格结构1. The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A. All of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom2. He wrote a lot of novels,_ regarded as masterpieces. A. dozens of which B. dozens of them C. a dozen of which D. dozens of that考点9：定语从句与强调句的区分1. It was in the hospital that he came across a friend of his._2. It was in the hospital where he came across a friend of his._3. Where did you get to know her?-It was on the farm _ we worked.4. -Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?- Of course, I have. It was in our village_ it was made.A. that B. where C. when D. which5.It was in the remote mountains areas_ I spent the gap year_ I learned how to work with a group of strangers and how to look after myself. A. where; that B. when; that C. where; when D. that; where考点10：定语从句的其他用法要点1. one of +复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词复数形式2. the only one of +复数名词 + 关系代词 + 动词单数形式3. 主谓一致注意：not the only one of = one of1. The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that _(draw) lots of visitor.2. Titanic is the only one of these wonderful movies that _(produce) in Hollyhood.3. Tom isnt the only one of the boys who _ (pass) the exam.4. I, who _(be) very busy, cant help them at the moment.5. The idea, which I think _(be) reasonable, was brought up by Professor Li yesterday.6. The number of students who _(like)reading literature books_ (account) for 10%.练一练：一.单选1. What does the notice say?All the players should gather at the hall _won the first three prizes.A. what B. as C. who D. which2. Researchers are engaging in developing new energy cars _ are bright with enormous market potential.A. that are believed B. which the experts believeC. the experts believe that D. the experts believe3. It is in the city _youre going to pay a visit to _ this kind of beer is produced.A. /, that B. where, that C. /, where D. that, which4. Mother was so angry at all _ I was doing _she punished me.A. that; that B. what; thatC. what; as D. that; which5. The house I grew up_ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. A in it B in C in that D in which6. The foreign guests spoke highly of the children and their shows _ they saw in the school. A. what B. who C. which D. that7. Weve just trying to reaching a point_ both sides will sit down together and talk. A where B that C when D which8. Remember that there is still one point _ we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.A. where B. why C. when D. that9. We live in an age _ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.Awhere Bwhen Cthat Dwhich10. The number of the students taking part in the English Corner, _we had expected，was well above two hundred.A. that B. which C. whom D. as11. Whitney Houstions sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem_ we should deal with properly. A. as B. that C. which D. where12. Are you still thinking about the email Tony sent you yesterday?Oh，to tell the truth，thats _ makes me feel excited.Awhat Bhow C. that Dwhy13As a new graduate, he doesnt know _it takes to start a business here. A how B what C when D which14.He wrote a letter_ he explained what had happened in the accident. A. what B. which C. where D. how15.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive. A. which B. who C. where D. what16.A lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D. this17.-How are things going, Janet? -They have set out to deal with the present situation_ they think deserves their immediate attention.A. Which B. where C. when D. what18.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction_ had taken more than three years.A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which19.The notice came around two in the afternoon_ the meeting would be postponed.A. when B. that C. whether D. how20.Many countries are now setting up national parks_ animals and plants can be protected. A. when B. which C. whose D. where21.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which22.It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office. A. whether B. where C. which D. that23.The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out. A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom24.It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what25.What has made him look like lacking sleep? -_ his wife is ill and he has to get up several times at night to attend to her. A. For B. Because C. That D. What26.The man pulled out a gold watch, _were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands ofC. which the hands of D. the hands of which 27. The news came_ the British Queens mother celebrated her 101th birthday in good health, _ isnt surprising, because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical care. A. that; which B. which; that C. that; that D. when; as 28.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, _ much help for knowing space. A. which we think it is B. which we think are of C. of which we think is D. I think which is of 29. The great day we looked forward to _ at last. A. come B. came C. coming D. comes 30.By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which31.The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which 32.The famous singer, Jay Chou sang several songs, one of_ conveyed the idea _ we should follow our mothers advice . A. them; when B. which; that C. what; that D. which; when33.We believed _ you are studying now will help you to shape the person_ you wan