初三英语中考复习------宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句讲解及练习

精品文档 1欢迎下载 初三英语中考复习初三英语中考复习 宾语从句 定语从句 状语从句宾语从句 定语从句 状语从句讲解及练习讲解及练习 一一 状语从句复习状语从句复习 1 1 时间状语从句时间状语从句 在句中相当于时间状语的从句叫时间状语从句在句中相当于时间状语的从句叫时间状语从句 常由常由 asas soonsoon as as when when while while as as after after before before since since everever since since until until everyevery time time eacheach time time nextnext timetime 等引导 等引导 AsAs soonsoon asas youyou arrive arrive givegive meme a a phonephone call call 你一到就给我来电话你一到就给我来电话 MaryMary waswas readingreading whenwhen I I left left 我走的时候玛丽正在读书我走的时候玛丽正在读书 WhileWhile I I playedplayed thethe piano piano sistersister diddid herher homework homework 我在谈钢琴我在谈钢琴 姐姐在做功课姐姐在做功课 YouYou can tcan t leaveleave untiluntil youyou gogo throughthrough withwith youryour work work 不完成这项工作你不能走 不完成这项工作你不能走 注意注意 1 1 用用 untiluntil 引导时间状语从句时引导时间状语从句时 主句应用可持续性动词主句应用可持续性动词 如果主句是非持续性动词如果主句是非持续性动词 则主则主 句用否定形式句用否定形式 如如 I I won twon t gogo untiluntil youyou comecome back back 你回来了我再走你回来了我再走 2 2 在时间状语从句中在时间状语从句中 常用一般现在时表示一般将来时常用一般现在时表示一般将来时 用一般过去时表示过去将来时用一般过去时表示过去将来时 如如 Don tDon t forgetforget toto bringbring youryour DV4000DV4000 cameracamera herehere whenwhen youyou e 你来的时候别忘了带你来的时候别忘了带 DV4000DV4000 摄像机摄像机 3 3 在由在由 sincesince 引导的时间状语从句中引导的时间状语从句中 主句用现在完成时主句用现在完成时 从句用一般过去时从句用一般过去时 也可用也可用 It It isis 一段时间一段时间 sincesince 引导一般过去时的从句引导一般过去时的从句 句型句型 如如 HeHe hashas workedworked inin thatthat companycompany sincesince hehe graduatedgraduated fromfrom WuhanWuhan University University 他毕业以来就他毕业以来就 一直在那个公司工作一直在那个公司工作 2 2 地点状语从句地点状语从句 在句中相当于地点状语的从句叫地点状语从句在句中相当于地点状语的从句叫地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的常用词有引导地点状语从句的常用词有 where where anywhere anywhere somewheresomewhere 等等 MakeMake marksmarks wherewhere youyou havehave questions questions 在有问题的地方作出标记在有问题的地方作出标记 YouYou cancan gogo anywhereanywhere youyou like like 你可以到你想去的任何地方你可以到你想去的任何地方 WhereWhere therethere isis a a will will therethere isis a a way way 有志者事竟成有志者事竟成 3 3 原因状语从句原因状语从句 在句中相当于原因状语的从句叫原因状语从句在句中相当于原因状语的从句叫原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的常用词有引导原因状语从句的常用词有 because because as as since since forfor 等等 RomanRoman waswas absentabsent fromfrom schoolschool becausebecause hehe waswas ill ill 罗曼病了罗曼病了 没有上学没有上学 AsAs ParkerParker waswas inin a a hurry hurry hehe leftleft thisthis bagbag home home 由于派克太匆忙才把包丢家里了由于派克太匆忙才把包丢家里了 SinceSince everyoneeveryone makesmakes mistakes mistakes youyou shouldn tshouldn t alwaysalways criticizecriticize him him 既然每个人都会犯既然每个人都会犯 错误错误 你不该总是批评他 你不该总是批评他 4 4 目的状语从句目的状语从句 在句中相当于目的状语的从句叫目的状语从句在句中相当于目的状语的从句叫目的状语从句 常用常用 inin orderorder that that soso thatthat 引导引导 译为译为 为为 了了 以致以致 以便以便 RhondaRhonda spokespoke veryvery slowlyslowly inin orderorder thatthat wewe couldcould follow follow 朗达讲话很慢朗达讲话很慢 以便我们大家都以便我们大家都 能跟上能跟上 We llWe ll sitsit inin thethe frontfront ofof thethe hallhall soso thatthat wewe cancan hearhear moremore clearly clearly 我们坐在大厅的我们坐在大厅的 前面 以便听得更清前面 以便听得更清 5 5 结果状语从句结果状语从句 在句中相当于结果状语的从句叫结果状语从句在句中相当于结果状语的从句叫结果状语从句 常用来引导结果状语从句的引导词或短语有常用来引导结果状语从句的引导词或短语有 soso that that so that so that such such thatthat 等等 译为译为 如此如此 以致于以致于 结果结果 MissMiss GaoGao isis soso kindkind thatthat wewe allall respectrespect her her 高老师很和蔼 我们都很尊敬她高老师很和蔼 我们都很尊敬她 ThisThis waswas suchsuch finefine musicmusic thatthat itit waswas worthworth listeninglistening toto twice twice 这音乐太好了这音乐太好了 值得听两值得听两 遍遍 精品文档 2欢迎下载 6 6 条件状语从句条件状语从句 在句中相当于条件状语的从句叫条件状语从句在句中相当于条件状语的从句叫条件状语从句 常用来引导条件状语从句的连词有常用来引导条件状语从句的连词有 if if unless unless as soas so longlong as as onceonce 等等 IfIf youyou correctcorrect allall youryour mistakes mistakes youryour workwork isis nice nice 如果你能把所有的错误改正如果你能把所有的错误改正 你的工你的工 作就很出色作就很出色 AsAs longlong asas youyou promisepromise toto go go I llI ll surelysurely go go 只要你答应去只要你答应去 我当然去我当然去 OnceOnce youyou begin begin youyou mustmust continue continue 你一旦开始 便不可停下来你一旦开始 便不可停下来 YouYou cannotcannot succeedsucceed unlessunless youyou workwork hard hard 如果不努力 如果不努力 你是不会成功的你是不会成功的 注意注意 由由 ifif 引导的条件状语从句引导的条件状语从句 不管主句是用一般将来时还是一般现在时不管主句是用一般将来时还是一般现在时 或当主句是祈使句或当主句是祈使句 时时 从句都用一般现在时从句都用一般现在时 主句是过去将来时主句是过去将来时 从句用一般过去时从句用一般过去时 IfIf thethe weatherweather isis finefine tomorrow tomorrow we llwe ll gogo hiking hiking 明天天气好的话明天天气好的话 我们就去徒步旅行我们就去徒步旅行 7 7 让步状语从句让步状语从句 在句中相当于让步状语的从句叫让步状语从句在句中相当于让步状语的从句叫让步状语从句 常用的引导词有常用的引导词有 though though although although eveneven though though eveneven if if whatever whatever whichever whichever whoever whoever whomever whomever whosever whosever whenever whenever wherever wherever howeverhowever 等等 Although Although ThoughThough TobyToby worksworks veryvery hard hard yet yet sheshe makesmakes veryvery slowslow progress progress 尽管托比很尽管托比很 努力努力 但进步还是不大 但进步还是不大 EvenEven though though ifif youyou saysay so so I I dodo notnot believebelieve it it 即使你这么说 我也不信即使你这么说 我也不信 WhateverWhatever youyou do do youyou shouldshould dodo itit well well 不管做什么事不管做什么事 都要做好都要做好 8 8 比较状语从句比较状语从句 用来进行比较的状语从句叫比较状语从句用来进行比较的状语从句叫比较状语从句 常用来引导比较状语从句的连词有常用来引导比较状语从句的连词有 as as as as notnot as soas so as as thanthan 等等 CarolCarol speaksspeaks EnglishEnglish asas wellwell asas youyou do do 卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好 HeHe doesdoes notnot runrun soso fastfast asas hishis brother brother 他不如他弟弟跑得快他不如他弟弟跑得快 BurtonBurton waswas moremore successfulsuccessful thanthan wewe hadhad expected expected 伯顿比我们想象的要成功得多伯顿比我们想象的要成功得多 9 9 方式状语从句方式状语从句 在句中用作方式状语的从句叫方式状语从句在句中用作方式状语的从句叫方式状语从句 常用来引导方式状语从句的连词主要有常用来引导方式状语从句的连词主要有 as as asas if if asas thoughthough 等等 YouYou shouldshould dodo asas I I telltell you you 你应当按我告诉你懂得去做你应当按我告诉你懂得去做 ItIt lookslooks asas if if asas thoughthough itit isis goinggoing toto rain rain 看来要下雨了看来要下雨了 练习练习 1 1 IfIf itit sunnysunny tomorrow tomorrow I I fishingfishing inin SouthSouth Lake Lake A A is is gogo B B willwill be be gogo C C is is willwill gogo D D willwill be be willwill gogo 2 2 I mI m sorrysorry toto hearhear thatthat BillBill failedfailed examexam again again Don t Don t worryworry aboutabout him him I mI m suresure thatthat hehe willwill nevernever givegive upup untiluntil hehe A A succeedsucceed B B succeedssucceeds C C succeededsucceeded 3 3 Lucy Lucy whatwhat aboutabout goinggoing campingcamping ifif itit tomorrow tomorrow Sounds Sounds great great A A didn tdidn t rainrain B B doesn tdoesn t rainrain C C won twon t rainrain D D hasn thasn t rainrain 4 4 ThereThere isis goinggoing toto a a sportssports meetingmeeting nextnext week week IfIf itit we llwe ll havehave toto cancelcancel it it A A be be willwill rainrain B B have have willwill rainrain C C be be rainsrains 5 5 CouldCould youyou pleaseplease telltell PeterPeter thatthat I I wantwant toto talktalk toto him him Sure Sure I I willwill letlet himhim knowknow asas soonsoon asas hehe back back A A comescomes B B camecame C C hashas comecome D D willwill comecome 6 6 YouYou dodo muchmuch betterbetter you reyou re moremore carefulcareful withwith youryour spelling spelling A A ifif B B beforebefore C C althoughalthough D D unlessunless 精品文档 3欢迎下载 7 7 PeterPeter waswas tiredtired thatthat hehe couldn tcouldn t continuecontinue running running A A veryvery B B tootoo C C soso 8 8 ItIt waswas snowingsnowing hard hard wewe hadhad toto staystay atat homehome andand watchwatch TV TV A A thatthat B B soso C C butbut D D becausebecause 9 9 WhyWhy diddid youyou comecome toto schoolschool latelate thisthis morning morning I I watchedwatched thethe FootballFootball WorldWorld CupCup untiluntil 1212 o clocko clock lastlast night night A A IfIf B B BecauseBecause C C SinceSince D D thoughthough 10 10 MyMy grandmagrandma didn tdidn t gogo toto sleepsleep I I gotgot backback home home A A wherewhere B B untiluntil C C asas soonsoon asas D D whilewhile 11 11 Mary Mary whatwhat aboutabout goinggoing boatingboating ifif itit tomorrow tomorrow Good Good idea idea A A notnot rainrain B B willwill rainrain C C doesn tdoesn t rainrain D D won twon t rainrain 12 12 AskAsk youryour friendfriend toto callcall meme backback asas soonsoon asas sheshe backback tomorrow tomorrow A A willwill comecome B B comescomes C C comingcoming 13 13 Jack Jack youyou looklook tiredtired today today What sWhat s wrong wrong I I waswas busybusy I I didn tdidn t gogo toto bedbed untiluntil midnightmidnight yesterday yesterday A A too too toto B B enough enough toto C C so so thatthat D D such such thatthat 14 14 TellTell himhim aboutabout thethe newsnews whenwhen hehe John John Yes Yes I I will will A A comescomes B B willwill comecome C C wouldwould comecome D D isis comingcoming 15 15 I I triedtried toto callcall youyou I I heardheard fromfrom him him butbut youyou werewere notnot in in A A sincesince B B whilewhile C C untiluntil D D asas soonsoon asas 16 16 ItIt tenten yearsyears sincesince wewe lastlast inin Beijing Beijing A A was was metmet B B hashas been been metmet C C was was meetmeet D D is is meetmeet 17 17 NoneNone ofof usus knewknew whatwhat hadhad happenedhappened wewe heardheard thethe newsnews onon radio radio A A afterafter B B untiluntil C C whenwhen 18 18 MrsMrs ShuteShute wouldn twouldn t leaveleave thethe TVTV set set herher childrenchildren werewere waitingwaiting forfor theirtheir supper supper A A ifif B B becausebecause C C eveneven thoughthough D D asas soonsoon asas 二二 宾语从句复习要点宾语从句复习要点 学习宾语从句学习宾语从句 我们应该注意三个方面 连接词 语序和时态 我们应该注意三个方面 连接词 语序和时态 一 连接词一 连接词 1 1 thatthat 引导宾语从句时引导宾语从句时 that that 只起连接作用只起连接作用 不充当句子成分不充当句子成分 也没有词义也没有词义 常可省略 如常可省略 如 I I know that know that hehe isis a a CanadianCanadian athlete athlete 2 2 whetherwhether 或或 ifif 引导宾语从句时引导宾语从句时 whether whether 或或 ifif 在句中不充当句子成分在句中不充当句子成分 意为意为 是否是否 不可省略 不可省略 如如 I I don tdon t knowknow whether whether ifif mymy parentsparents agreeagree withwith me me 注意注意 与与 oror notnot 直接连用时只能用直接连用时只能用 whetherwhether 不可用不可用 ifif 如 如 He He didn tdidn t saysay whetherwhether oror notnot hehe wouldwould bebe stayingstaying here here 3 3 what what who who whose whose whichwhich 等连接代词和等连接代词和 when when where where how how whywhy 等连接副词引导宾语从句时等连接副词引导宾语从句时 这这 些词在从句中充当一定的句子成分些词在从句中充当一定的句子成分 都有各自的词义都有各自的词义 不能省略 如不能省略 如 He He didn tdidn t understandunderstand whatwhat thethe teacherteacher said said I I don tdon t knowknow whenwhen wewe willwill havehave a a meeting meeting 二 语序二 语序 1 1 在含有宾语从句的复合句中在含有宾语从句的复合句中 宾语从句须用陈述句语序 如宾语从句须用陈述句语序 如 Do Do youyou knowknow wherewhere hehe lives lives 2 2 当主句的谓语动词是当主句的谓语动词是 think think believe believe guess guess suppose suppose imagine imagine expectexpect 等词时等词时 宾语从句宾语从句 精品文档 4欢迎下载 中的否定词常常转移到主句中中的否定词常常转移到主句中 译为汉语时译为汉语时 仍把从句翻译成否定的意思 否定转移句的主语一般仍把从句翻译成否定的意思 否定转移句的主语一般 是第一人称 如是第一人称 如 I I don tdon t thinkthink that that TomTom isis wrong wrong 我认为汤姆没错 我认为汤姆没错 三 时态三 时态 1 1 当主句的谓语动词是现在时态或一般将来时的时候当主句的谓语动词是现在时态或一般将来时的时候 宾语从句的谓语动词可根据需要使用各种宾语从句的谓语动词可根据需要使用各种 时态 但如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时态 但如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 宾语从句的谓语动词也必须使用相应的过去时态 如宾语从句的谓语动词也必须使用相应的过去时态 如 I I wantwant toto knowknow howhow hehe camecame yesterday yesterday She She askedasked ifif hehe waswas leavingleaving forfor BeijingBeijing soon soon 2 2 宾语从句表述的是客观事实或普遍真理时宾语从句表述的是客观事实或普遍真理时 不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态 宾语从句仍使用一宾语从句仍使用一 般现在时 如般现在时 如 The The teacherteacher toldtold usus thatthat thethe moonmoon movesmoves aroundaround thethe earth earth 用法注意用法注意 一 一 ifif 和和 whenwhen 既能引导宾语从句既能引导宾语从句 又能引导状语从句 因此又能引导状语从句 因此 一定要认清它们一种形式的一定要认清它们一种形式的 两副两副 面孔面孔 从而准确地判断句子的类型 如从而准确地判断句子的类型 如 I I don tdon t knowknow ifif whenwhen hehe willwill comecome tomorrow tomorrow 宾语从句宾语从句 IfIf WhenWhen hehe comes comes I llI ll telltell youyou aboutabout it it 状语从句状语从句 二 二 宾语从句与简单句宾语从句与简单句 含有宾语从句的复合句有时可以变为简单句 该知识点在句型转换的题型中经常会作为考含有宾语从句的复合句有时可以变为简单句 该知识点在句型转换的题型中经常会作为考 点出现 现归纳如下点出现 现归纳如下 1 1 在某些由疑问词在某些由疑问词 why why 除外除外 引导的宾语从句的复合句中引导的宾语从句的复合句中 当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时 原原 复合句可以变为简单句 复合句可以变为简单句 变法变法 把宾语从句转换为把宾语从句转换为 疑问词疑问词 动词不定式动词不定式 结构作主句谓语动词的宾语 如结构作主句谓语动词的宾语 如 I I wantwant toto knowknow howhow I I cancan openopen thethe door door I I wantwant toto knowknow howhow toto openopen thethe door door 2 2 在某些由疑问词在某些由疑问词 why why 除外除外 引导的宾语从句的复合句中引导的宾语从句的复合句中 当从句的主语与主句谓语动词的间接当从句的主语与主句谓语动词的间接 宾语一致时宾语一致时 原复合句可以变为简单句 原复合句可以变为简单句 变法变法 把宾语从句转换为把宾语从句转换为 疑问词疑问词 动词不定式动词不定式 结构作主句谓语动词的复合宾语 如结构作主句谓语动词的复合宾语 如 CouldCould youyou telltell meme howhow I I cancan getget toto thethe postpost office office Could Could youyou telltell meme howhow toto getget toto thethe postpost office office 3 3 在某些由在某些由 thatthat 引导的宾语从句的复合句中引导的宾语从句的复合句中 当从句的主语与主句的主语不一致时当从句的主语与主句的主语不一致时 原复合句可原复合句可 以变为简单句 以变为简单句 变法变法 原复合句可变为原复合句可变为 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 宾补宾补 的句型 如的句型 如 WeWe foundfound thatthat thethe boyboy waswas veryvery clever clever We We foundfound thethe boyboy veryvery clever clever I I sawsaw thatthat theythey werewere playingplaying basketballbasketball there there I I sawsaw themthem playingplaying basketballbasketball there there ExercisesExercises 1 I1 I wantwant toto know theknow the dayday afterafter tomorrow tomorrow A whatA what hehe willwill dodo B whatB what willwill hehe dodo C whatC what hehe diddid D whatD what diddid hehe dodo 2 Could2 Could youyou pleaseplease telltell me me It s It s nextnext toto thethe postpost office office A whereA where isis thethe supermarket supermarket B whereB where thethe supermarketsupermarket isis C C wherewhere waswas thethe supermarketsupermarket D whereD where thethe supermarketsupermarket waswas 3 No3 No oneone cancan bebe sure insure in a a millionmillion years years A whatA what manman lookslooks likelike B whatB what willwill manman looklook likelike C manC man willwill looklook likelike whatwhat D whatD what manman willwill looklook likelike 4 Could4 Could youyou telltell me tomorrowme tomorrow morning morning 精品文档 5欢迎下载 Well it Well it willwill startstart atat 9 009 00 o clock o clock A whenA when thethe meetingmeeting willwill startstart B whereB where willwill thethe meetingmeeting startstart C whereC where thethe meetingmeeting startsstarts D whenD when thethe meetingmeeting wouldwould startstart 5 Could5 Could youyou telltell meme howhow long thelong the book book Three Three days days A A I I cancan keepkeep B CanB Can I I borrowborrow C IC I cancan borrowborrow D canD can I I keepkeep 6 Liu6 Liu Ling sLing s mothermother wantedwanted toto know know A ifA if sheshe studiedstudied hardhard atat schoolschool B howB how diddid sheshe studystudy atat schoolschool C whatC what diddid sheshe studystudy atat schoolschool 7 Excuse7 Excuse me couldme could youyou pleaseplease telltell meme whichwhich gate gate A weA we havehave toto gogo toto B weB we hadhad toto gogo toto C doC do wewe havehave toto gogo toto D didD did wewe havehave toto gogo toto 8 Can8 Can youyou describe describe A whatA what youryour friendfriend isis likelike B howB how youryour friendfriend isis likelike C whatC what doesdoes youryour friendfriend looklook likelike D howD how youryour friendfriend lookslooks likelike 9 Can9 Can youyou makemake sure sure Sorry I Sorry I can t Butcan t But I I diddid seesee herher justjust now now A whereA where diddid sheshe gogo B whereB where sheshe hadhad gonegone C whereC where sheshe hashas gonegone D whereD where willwill sheshe gogo 10 He10 He askedasked hishis classmateclassmate where where A doesA does hishis teacherteacher seesee thethe filmfilm B hisB his teacherteacher sawsaw thethe filmfilm C didC did 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cancan useuse itit 19 The19 The foreignerforeigner askedasked me me I I couldcould speakspeak English English 精品文档 6欢迎下载 A ifA if B whatB what C thatC that 20 The20 The shoesshoes areare neitherneither cheapcheap nornor fortable I I can tcan t understand understand womenwomen likelike buyingbuying them them A whyA why B whenB when C whetherC whether D howD how 初中英语定语从句讲解及练习初中英语定语从句讲解及练习 一一 定语从句及相关术语定语从句及相关术语 1 1 定语从句 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句 一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面 定语从句 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句 一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面 2 2 关系词 引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词 引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词 关系代词有关系词有关系代词和关系副词 关系代词有 that that which which who who whom whom whose whose asas 等 等 关系副词有关系副词有 where where when when whywhy 等 等 关系词常有关系词常有 3 3 个作用 个作用 1 1 引导定语从句 引导定语从句 2 2 代替先行词 代替先行词 3 3 在定语从句中担当一个成分 在定语从句中担当一个成分 二二 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句 1 who1 who 指人 在从句中做主语指人 在从句中做主语 1 1 TheThe boysboys whowho areare playingplaying footballfootball areare fromfrom ClassClass One One 2 2 YesterdayYesterday I I helpedhelped anan oldold manman whowho 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