高三英语二轮复习 第1部分 专题5 短文改错 考法2 句法错误.doc

考法2| 句法错误错误1连接词有误1(2016全国乙卷)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking. orandfresh vegetables与high quality oil 是并列关系而非选择关系，故将or改为and。2(2016四川高考)Both Dad or I planned to do something on Mothers Day. orandboth .and .表示“和都”。3(2015四川高考)In fact, I dont like to go anymore, so Im afraid Ill lose their friendship. sobut前后句为转折关系而非因果关系，应用but。4(2015全国卷)There the air is clean or the mountains are green. orand前后句为并列关系而非转折关系，应用and。5(2014全国卷)Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. 去掉butalthough和but不能连用，应去掉but。6(2014陕西高考)We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. butand前后为并列关系而非转折关系，故把but改为and。7(2016昆明一中模拟)One morning, Mr.Green was about to take a walk while he received a call, saying that his daughter was coming at 3 oclock by air. whilewhen考查句式be about to.when .表示“要做某事，这时”，其中when为并列连词。8(2016乐山市调查研究考试)By doing so, I can not only share good ideas with others and also learn to express myself clearly. andbutnot only .but also .不仅而且。 【导学号：90892029】9(2016吉林省实验中学模拟)Although we were exhausted, but we felt fulfilled on our way back home. 去掉butthough和but不能连用，应去掉but。10(2016山西省八所重点中学适应性考试)At home, children can do what they want.And at school they cant do all the things they like. AndBut前后为转折关系，故把And改为But。感悟与反思并列连词错误主要有三种情况：并列、选择、转折、因果几种关系的错用。汉语中可以说“尽管，但是”，“因为，所以”，但是英语中although/though不能与but连用，because不能与so 连用。常考句式：be about to.when .中when的使用。错误2从句引导词有误1(2015全国卷)After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. wherethat或去掉wherefound后为宾语从句，引导词不作句子成分只起连接作用，应用that引导，并且that可省略。2(2015浙江高考)If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it. IfAlthough/Though此处应为“虽然”，应用although/though引导让步状语从句。3(2015陕西高考)My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up. afterwhen/while句意：我的唯一的错误是在我打包的时候把一些(饼干)掉在了地上。表示“当的时候”应用when或while。4(2016长春市十一高中仿真模拟)I know you have trouble communicating with others, and you may often feel lonely.Thats why you are new here and people dont know about you. whybecause前面的一句是原因而非结果，应用thats because .那是因为。5(2016长春市十一高中仿真模拟)We can take part in some activities together, when I can introduce you to others. whenwhere句意：我们可以一块参加活动，在活动中我可以把你介绍给他人。此处引导词表示地点而非时间，应用where。 【导学号：90892030】6(2016日照市二模)Generally speaking, Guoxue refers to the excellent traditional Chinese culture, that includes philosophy, literature, history, music, painting and so on. thatwhichtraditional Chinese culture是先行词，其后为非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用which。7(2016银川一中模拟)I believe hard work is that it takes to accomplish my goal. thatwhat在is后为表语从句，引导词在从句中作take的宾语，应用连接代词what。8(2016陕西师大附中模拟)That he told us is right, but most of the young people havent realized this. ThatWhatis前为主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用连接代词what。9(2016绵阳南山中学热身试题)For us students, no matter what busy we are, it is necessary to spare some time to do exercise. whathow在形容词busy前应用how，no matter how busy表示“无论多忙”。10(2016吉林省实验中学模拟)On an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm which we learned to plant potatoes. whichwherea farm为先行词，后跟定语从句，引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where。感悟与反思从句引导词错误主要有三种情况：状语从句的引导词错误。定语从句关系代词与关系副词的错用。名词性从句中连接词、连接代词与连接副词的错用，尤其是连接词that与连接代词what的错用。错误3谓语动词有误1(2016全国甲卷)We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip. chosechoose情态动词后跟动词原形，chose的原形是choose。2(2015全国卷)A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop. tellingtold此处and连接的两个先后发生的动作在时态上保持一致，故应把telling改为told。3(2015全国卷)Tony was scared and begun to cry. begunbegan这里是对过去发生的事情的客观叙述，应用一般过去时，故begun应改为began。4(2015四川高考)As I tell you last time, I made three new friends here. telltold由句中的last time可判定此处应用一般过去时。5(2014四川高考)Dont panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calm. tryingtryand连接的是并列谓语，故panic，get和try应是并列关系。6(2014辽宁高考)This morning she starts barking even before 5 oclock. startsstarted由this morning和before 5 oclock可知应用一般过去时。7(2016抚顺市模拟)Unfortunately, with the development of industrialization, the environment has polluted. polluted前加beenenvironment与pollute为被动关系，应用被动语态，故在polluted之前加been。8. (2016吉林省实验中学模拟)In the past two and a half years, our school had organized many activities. hadhas由In the past two and a half years可判定应用现在完成时。9(2016阳泉市模拟)Never shall I forgot my first English class in senior high school. forgotforget本句为部分倒装，shall后跟动词原形。10(2016成都七中模拟)You can see people selling kites everywhere because our city was home to kites. wasis表示“我们的城市是风筝之乡”指的应是事实，故用一般现在时。感悟与反思谓语动词错误主要有三种情况：动词的形式错误：过去式与过去分词错用，助动词、情态动词后没有跟动词原形。时态、语态的错用：应根据时间状语或逻辑关系判定时态和语态。误把动词用作非谓语动词。错误4非谓语动词有误1(2015四川高考)Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. singsingingspend time doing sth.花时间做某事。2(2015浙江高考)The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. feltfeelmake后跟不带to的不定式作宾补即make sb.do sth.表示“使某人做某事”。3(2015浙江高考)I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. sitsittingenjoy后跟动词ing形式作宾语。4(2015陕西高考)My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter! enjoyenjoying在介词of后需跟动词ing形式。 【导学号：90892031】5(2014陕西高考)He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. teach前加towant to do sth.想要做某事。6(2014陕西高考)One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. havehaving句意：一天傍晚日落时分，我们坐在火旁吃烧烤。如果第二个逗号后有and，前后为并列关系，没有逗号则后面为现在分词作伴随状语。7(2014辽宁高考)It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside. understandingunderstandIts difficult to do sth.做某事有困难。it为形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。8(2016山西省八所重点中学适应性考试)Learn knowledge is the most important thing at school. LearnLearningis前为句子的主语部分，表示一般状况应用动词ing形式作主语。9(2016昆明一中模拟)When looking around, he saw a young man standing there with his arms folding. foldingfolded在with复合结构中，arms与fold为动宾关系，应用过去分词表示被动。10(2016山西省八所重点中学适应性考试)Most children feel frighten when they first go to school, because they are not familiar to school at all. frightenfrightenedfeel为系动词，后应跟表语，表示“感到害怕的”用frightened。感悟与反思非谓语动词错误主要有两种情况：非谓语动词错用：应根据非谓语动词的功能及所作成分来判定用哪种非谓语动词。一般来说，不定式表示尚未发生，动词ing形式表示主动进行，过去分词表示被动完成。误将非谓语动词用作谓语动词。错误5助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气有误1(2016全国甲卷)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. 去掉can或canshouldsuggest在此处表示“建议”，后跟宾语从句时用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“should动词原形”，should可省略。2(2015四川高考)If you are me, would you talk to them? arewere根据语境，此处是对现在事实的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词应用一般过去时。3(2016银川一中模拟)To realize my dream, I can try to work hard from now on. canmust为了实现我的梦想，我应该努力工作。此处应把can改为must。4(2016长春外国语学校质检)Without your help, I can not have passed the exam. cancould此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，句子主句应用“could/should/would/mighthave过去分词”，由此可知最好用could。5(2016银川一中模拟)Scientists have found that blue must make people lose appetite. mustmay/might句意：科学家已经发现蓝色或许使人们食欲不振。表示“可能，或许”在肯定句中应用may/might。6(2016南宁市适应性检测)When waiting to be served its important that you would wait your turn. wouldshouldIts important that sb.should do sth.某人做某事是非常重要的。7(2016湖北省八校联考)You must put it somewhere else.I am sure it will turn up soon. must后加have此处是针对过去的肯定推测，表示“肯定把它放在某个别的地方了”，应用“must have done”。8(2016西工大附中适应性训练)Not until then she understand what friendship was. she前加did本句为部分倒装，缺少助动词，根据not until then可知表示过去，故加did。9(2016黑龙江省实验中学模拟)Without their help or advice, my life will be different. willwould句意：如果没有他们的帮助和建议，我的生活会大不一样。主句为表示与现在相反的虚拟语气，用“would/should/could/might动词原形”，由此可知应用would。10(2016哈尔滨市第六中学模拟)Dear fellow students, its high time that we pay attention to this phenomenon. paypaid或在pay前加should。在its time that .句式中，that从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或should动词原形。感悟与反思助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气错误主要有三种情况：助动词缺失：助动词可以帮助构成疑问句、否定句、部分倒装句以及强调动作进行。情态动词的错用：应熟记情态动词的基本含义及用法，如表示“必须”应用must而非can；表示对现在的推测其构成是“情态动词动词原形”，表示对过去的推测其构成是“情态动词have过去分词”。虚拟语气中动词的形式受时态的影响而导致错用。错误6特殊句式(强调、倒装)与其他(there be结构、感叹句)有误1(2014全国卷)They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. TheyThere句意：上午有三节课，下午有两节课。此处为there be结构。2(2016广东省六校模拟)It was three years ago when the English Club was born. whenthat本句为强调句型，故把when改为that。3(2016长春外国语学校质检)Only in this way the students improve their study efficiency. the students前加can句意：只有以这种方式同学们才能提高学习效率。本句为部分倒装，缺少助动词can。4(2016呼和浩特市调研考试)Oh, what I missed you that day! Anyway, please send my best wishes to your parents. wha