高考英语阅读理解技巧

高考英语阅读理解技巧高考英语阅读理解技巧 ReadingReading ComprehensionComprehension 一 细节理解题一 细节理解题 QuestionsQuestions ofof detailsdetails 一般针对某个特定细节而提出 通读短文后一般能直接找出答题依据 事实细节题干 常用 when where who why what 和 how 等提问或要求用此类信息补全句子 考查对 应的六大信息内容 1 提问方式 Question forms HowHow does the author understand WhoWho are the intended 预期的 readers of the passage WhatWhat does the research tell us about WhenWhen did Jim win his first Olympic gold medal WhyWhy did the author and his wife try 2 解题步骤 第一步 略读题干 Skimming 快速浏览每道试题的题干 即问题 第二步 通读全文 Scanning 浏览题干与选项之后 要带着 问题 通读全文 第三步 研读攻关 Close reading 注意对信息进行综合分析 分清主次 真伪 避免 受信息的干扰 陷入高考题所设下的 陷阱 学会排除干扰项 3 练习 Not long ago My wife PJ and I tried a new diet not to lose weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change Why did the author and his wife try a new diet A To take special kinds of food B To respond to climate change C To lose weight D To improve their health Lying in the sun on a rock the cougar 美洲狮 saw Jeb and his son Tom before they saw it Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands making himself look big to the cougar It worked The cougar hesitated ready to attack Jeb but ready to forget the whole thing too Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar A To get ready to fight B To frighten it away C To protect the boy D To cool down 二 二 词义词义猜猜测题测题 WordsWords in in contextcontext 从考查内容看 主要是猜测某个生词 熟词 短语或句子的意思以及猜测代词的指 代 解题技巧 充分利用文中已知信息推测 判断词义 根据因果关系 对比关系 定义 解释和复述来猜测词义 1 提问方式 Question forms Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word The word could best be replaced by In the paragraph the word means refers to According to the passage probably means The author uses the word to mean 2 练习 Provide incentive Tell your children the importance of saving For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend you agree to add another dollar to the pot says Cathy Pareto expert in money planning The underlined word incentive in this paragraph means A honor B praise C excitement D encouragement Baker concludes that people do not have the ability to sense when they re being stared at If people doubt the outcome of his two experiments said Baker I suggest they repeat the experiments and see for themselves They underlined word outcome in the last paragraph most probably means A value B result C performance D connection The house looked quite normal outside but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display As he began putting them into his bag a god came into the room Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word exotic in the third paragraph A Messy and untidy B Rich and expensive C Comfortable and calming D Foreign and unusual 三 推理判断题三 推理判断题 QuestionsQuestions ofof inferenceinference 推理判断就是根据作者的意图和倾向来完成相关的问题 根据你对文章的理解 来 判断各个选项的正误 这种阅读是深层阅读 最重要的是找出段落或全文的中心意思 抓 住主要句子和相关句子 在进行推理时 一定要仔细阅读短文 千万不可脱离原文而仅凭 个人的看法 主观臆断 1 解题步骤 读懂问题 在文中找出关键词 关键句 并仔细分析 排除法删除不可能的选项 做出最佳选择 2 提问方式 Question forms The underlined sentence suggests that We can conclude from the third paragraph that Which of the following might probably happened later We can infer 推断 from the passage that From the passage we can tell learn The writer of the passage considers The passage indicates 表明 implies 暗示 3 练习 Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall Did it sound like a clock If so it may have been made by a beetle Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle The sound of this beetle A pleased people B surprised people C frightened people D excited people It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it If you don t turn it back over all the sea animals under it or clinging to 依附 the underside will die You can tell that rocks A hurt sea animals B protect sea animals C won t be found on beaches D can t be found on beaches 四 主旨归纳题四 主旨归纳题 MainMain ideaidea 该观点是作者的观点 不是他人的观点 不是描写 说明 也不一定是科学事实 该观点可能是作者提倡的 也可能是作者对他人观 点的批驳 主旨句具有归纳性 概括性 抽象性的特点 不是 部分细节 常常结构复杂 命题者有意安排所致 1 提问方式 Question forms The subject of the passage is The passage mainly talks about What s the topic of this passage The best headline for the passage would be Which title best gives the idea of the passage The point of the passage is that What s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph What s the topic of the first paragraph 2 练习 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors Harvard Law School and later Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami Florida The main idea of this paragraph is that A Tom who had studied at Paris Universities for four years moved to another university B Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College C Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university D Tom received an excellent education Magellan s men were the first to make the trip around the world It took them more than two years to do so by ship Magellan was from Portugal but he sailed for the King of Spain On September 20 1519 he left Spain with five ships and 240 men After passing the trip of South America they reached the Pacific Ocean on which they sailed more than one year Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water Many of them died of hu