介词的用法总结

1 介词的用法介词的用法 1 表示地点位置的介词表示地点位置的介词 1 at in on to for at 1 表示在小地方 2 表示 在 附近 旁边 in 1 表示 在大地方 2 表示 在 范围之内 on 表示毗邻 接壤 在 上面 to 表示在 范围外 不强调是否接壤 或 到 2 above over on 在在 上上 above 指在 上方 不强调是否垂直 与 below 相对 over 指垂直的上方 与 under 相对 但 over 与物体有一定的空间 不直接接触 on 表示某物体上面并与之接触 The bird is flying above my head There is a bridge over the river He put his watch on the desk 3 below under 在在 下面下面 under 表示在 正下方 below 表示在 下 不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table Please write your name below the line 4 in front frant of in the front of 在在 前面前面 in front of 意思是 在 前面 指甲物在乙物之前 两者互不包括 其反义词是 behind 在 的后面 There are some flowers in front of the house 房子前面有些花卉 in the front of 意思是 在 的前部 即甲物在乙物的内部 反义词是 at the back of 在 范围内的后部 There is a blackboard in the front of our classroom 我们的教室前边有一块黑板 Our teacher stands in the front of the classroom 我们的老师站在教室前 老师在教室里 5 beside behind beside 表示在 旁边 behind 表示在 后面 2 表示时间的介词表示时间的介词 1 in on at 在在 时时 in 表示较长时间 如世纪 朝代 时代 年 季节 月及一般 非特指 的早 中 晚等 如 in the 20th century in the 1950s in 1989 in summer in January in the morning in one s life in one s thirties 等 on 表示具体某一天及其早 中 晚 如 on May 1st on Monday on New Year s Day on a cold night in January on a fine morning on Sunday afternoon 等 at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间 或泛指圣诞节 复活节等 如 at 3 20 at this time of year at the beginning of at the end of at the age of at Christmas at night at noon at this moment 等 注意 在 last next this that some every 等词之前一律不用介词 如 We meet every day 2 2 in after 在在 之后之后 in 段时间 表示将来的一段时间以后 after 段时间 表示过去的一段时间以后 after 将来的时间点 表示将来的某一时刻以后 3 from since 自从自从 from 仅说明什么时候开始 不说明某动作或情况持续多久 since 表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻 通常与完成时连用 since 表示 自 某 具体时间 以来 常用作完成时态谓语的时间状语 since liberation 1980 自从解放 1980 年 以来 They have been close friends since childhood 他们从小就是好朋友 1 since the war 是指 自从战争结束以来 若指 自从 战争开始以来 须说 since the beginning of the war 2 不要将 不要将 since 与与 after 混淆 混淆 比较 He has worked here since 1965 指一段时间 强调时间段 自从 1965 年以来 他一直在这儿工作 He began to work here after 1965 指一点时间 强调时间点 从 1965 年以后 他开始在这儿工作 4 after behind 在在 之后之后 after 主要用于表示时间 behind 主要用于表示位置 时间名词前介词用法口诀 年前周前要用 in 具体日子要用 on 遇到几号也用 on 上午下午得是 in 要说某日上下午 用 on 换 in 记清楚 午夜黄昏用 at 黎明用它也不错 at 用在时分前 说 差 可要用上 to 说 过 要用 past 3 表示运动方向的介词 表示运动方向的介词 across through 通过 穿过 across 表示横过 即从物体表面通过 与 on 有关 为二维 through 穿过 即从物体内部穿过 与 in 有关 为三维 4 表示表示 在在 之间之间 的介词 的介词 表示 在 之间 的介词在英语中属于方位介词 如 in front of behind on in near under up between among between 指在两个人或两个事物之间 among 指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间 5 表示其他意义的介词表示其他意义的介词 1 on about 关于关于 on 表示这本书 这篇文章或演说是严肃的 或学术性的 可供专门研究这一问题 的人阅读 about 表示内容较为普通 不那么正式 2 by with in 表示方法 手段 工具表示方法 手段 工具 by 以 方法 手段或泛指某种交通工具 with 表示用 工具 手段 一般接具体的工具和手段 in 表示用 方式 用 语言 语调 笔墨 颜色 等 3 except besides 除了除了 3 except 除 之外 不包括在内 besides 除 之外 包括在内 Except for Mr Wang we went to see the film 王先生没去 Besides Mr Wang we also went to see the film 王先生也去了 其它常用介词其它常用介词 介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小 但它们的用法却非常灵活 复杂 下列为常用介 词及含义 1 about 关于关于 附近附近 大约大约 周围周围 随身随身 I have bought a book about Shakespearean 我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书 There are about fifteen trees in the picture 大约有十五棵树在图片里 2 above 在在 上上 高出高出 以上以上 超过超过 在在 上游上游 The plane is flying above the clouds 飞机在云上飞行 I think the man is above sixty years old 我想那人有六十多岁了 3 across 横过横过 对面对面 交叉交叉 在在 的对面的对面 Can you swim across the river 你能游过河吗 We live across the street 我们住在街的对面 4 after 在在 后面后面 依照依照 He went home after school 他放学后就回家了 Read after me please 请跟我朗读 5 against 撞到 靠着撞到 靠着 反对反对 违背违背 The car hit against the tree 汽车撞了树 He is standing against the wall 他靠墙站着 6 along 沿着沿着 顺着顺着 They are walking along the river 他们沿着河行走 7 among 在在 当中当中 三者或三者以上 三者或三者以上 He is the tallest among them 他是他们当中个子最高的 8 around 在在 的周围的周围 在在 那一边那一边 They sat around the table talking the news 他们绕桌而坐谈论新闻 There is a drugstore around the corner 拐角处有一家药店 9 as 作为作为 He doesn t like people treat him as a child 他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待 10 at 在在 时刻时刻 在在 点钟点钟 在在 岁时岁时 向 在向 在 之中 按之中 按 速度速度 值值 卖卖 钱钱 在在 强调地点 强调地点 He always gets up at six in the morning 他时常早上六点钟起床 He shot at the bird but missed it 他向鸟射击 但是没射中 The car goes at eighty miles an hour 汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶 11 before 在在 的前面的前面 位置位置 在在 之前之前 时间时间 He took a picture before the car 他在汽车前照了张照片 He can t finish his work before supper 晚饭前他完不成工作 12 behind 在在 的后面的后面 位置位置 落后于 不如落后于 不如 4 after 在在 后面后面 依照依照 Are there any brooms behind the door 门后有扫帚吗 All of us are behind him in mathematics 我们数学都不如他 13 below 在在 之下之下 低于低于 There are four lights below the ceiling 天花板下面有四盏灯 The murderer run away below the police s eyes 杀人犯从警察眼皮底下跑了 14 beside 在在 的旁边的旁边 在在 之外之外 与与 相比相比 4 He found the body beside the river 他在河边发现了尸体 Beside yours my computer is too slow 与你的计算机速度相比 我的就慢多了 15 besides 除除 之外之外 还有还有 We are all here besides Bowe 除鲍外 我们也都来了 16 between 在在 两者之间两者之间 He sits between you and me 他坐在你我之间 17 beyond 在在 那边那边 The shop you are looking for is beyond the street you can t miss it 你要找的商店 在街的那边 你不会找不到的 18 but 除去除去 He has nothing but money 他除钱以外什么都没有 19 by 被被 在在 的近旁的近旁 在在 之前之前 不迟于不迟于 以以 为手段 为手段 The classroom was cleaned by the students 教室由学生们打扫干净了 Miss Lucy came to China by air 露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的 20 down 沿着沿着 望下 望下 She walked down the street 她沿着街道走 21 during 在在 期间期间 在在 时候 时候 During the holiday we went to the south 我们假期去了南方 22 except 除除 之外之外 He knows nothing except English 他除英语以外什么都不知道 23 for 为为 因为因为 至于至于 He works for this company 他为这家公司工作 She came back to the classroom for she had left her books in the classroom 她返 回到教室是因为把书留在了那里 24 from 从从 来自来自 因为因为 Where are you from 你是哪里人 He died from an accident 他死于一场事故 25 in 在在 在在 之内 从事于之内 从事于 按照按照 穿着穿着 He was born in 1992 他生于 1992 年 I could finish the program in two weeks 我可以用两周时间完成这个项目 He spend less time in reading 他读书时间很少 The man in black jacket is our teacher 穿黑夹克的那个人是我们的老师 26 like 象象 如同 如同 The twins are like their father 双胞胎像他们的父亲 27 near 靠近靠近 There are some flowers near the house 房子附近有一些花 28 of 的 属于的 属于 This is a map of China 这是一张中国地图 29 off 离开离开 在 在 之外 之外 The young man got off the train quickly 那个年青人很快下了火车 I live in a village a little way off the main road 我住在离大路不远的一个村庄里 30 on 在在 之上 之上 My book is on the table 我的书在桌子上 31 out of 从从 出来 在出来 在 之外 之外 The dog run out of the house 狗从房子里跑出来 5 32 outside 外边外边 They are waiting outside the gate 他们在门外等着 33 over 在在 之上 遍于之上 遍于 之上 越过之上 越过 There is a light over the desk 桌子上方有盏灯 He is over sixty years old 他有六十多岁 34 past 越过越过 过 过 超越 超越 The students walked past the post office 学生们走过了邮局 It is ten past two 现在是两点十分 35 round 围着围着 绕过 绕过 在 在 周围 周围 We sat round the table 我们围着桌子坐下 The earth goes round the sun 地球绕着太阳转 36 since 自自 以后 自以后 自 以来 以来 He has made great progress in English since he came into the college 从他来到 大学后 他的英语有了很大进步 37 through 经过经过 穿过 穿过 立体层面 立体层面 They went through the forest 他们穿过了森林 38 throughout 遍及遍及 在各处 在各处 The police searched for the criminal throughout the mountain 警察搜山寻找犯人 39 till 直到直到 在 在 以前 以前 He didn t come back till eleven o clock 他直到十一点钟才回来 We ll be home till six 六点以前我们都会在家 40 to 到到 向 向 趋于 趋于 How long is it from here to the station 从这儿到车站有多远 41 under 在在 之下 低于 之下 低于 There are some footballs under the bed 床底下有几颗足球 These students are under seventeen years old 这些学生们不到十七岁 42 until 直到 在直到 在 以前 以前 Please wait for us until we come back 请等着我们回来 It was not until last week that I handed in mathematics paper 直到上周我才交了数 学论文 43 up 在在 上面 在上面 在 上 上 He went up the stairs 他上了楼梯 44 upon 在在 之上 迫近之上 迫近 It s not polite to look down upon him 蔑视他是不礼貌的 45 within 在在 之内 之内 You must finish the work within two weeks 你必须两周内完成这项工作 46 without 没有 不 在没有 不 在 之外 之外 We can t do it better without your help 没有你的帮助 我们就做不好 We couldn t live without air and water 没有空气和水 我们就不可能生存 6 A In the world soccer of football is the most popular sport This is because many countries have wonderful teams for the World Cup The World Cup is held every four years To remember 2002 FIFA World Cup children from different countries and more than 60 children from Japanese schools came together and spent three weekends drawing a big picture called Dream 梦幻 World Cups in Japan The children drew animals flowers and people playing soccer under a bule bright sky They wished each football team good luck by drawing the flags 旗帜 of all the countries that will take part in the World Cup in Japan and South Korea The picture was put up in a park near a playground in Yokohama Some football teams will have games there Are you a football fan 迷 The World Cup makeds more and more people interested in football Teenagers 青少年 like playing and watching football Many of them love some football stars so much that they get the pictures of their favourite players on the walls of their rooms That is the way to show their love for the World Cup as children in Japan 1 If a country wants to take part in the World Cup she must have A Many football fans B a very good team C many football player D a big playground 2 The next World Cup will be held in A 2006 B 2007 C 2005 D 2004 3 From the passage in the picture children drew many things except A people playing football B pictures of some football stars C a sunny sky D flowers 4 In Dream World Cup the children drew the flags of some countries P A to show their love for their owe country B to tell the people their stories C to show their good wishes for the football teams D to show their new ideas about football 5 Many teenagers owe the pictures of some football stars because A they are interested in football B they are football fans C they think their favourite players are great D all of A B and C 7 B In 1826 a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business But he was not a good artis So he invented a very simple camera 照相机 He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of hia garden That was the first photo The next important date in the history of photography 摄影术 was in 1837 That year Daguere another Frenchman took a picture of his reading room He used a new kind of camera in a different way In his picture you could see everything very clearly even the smallest thing This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype Soon other people began to use Daguerre s way Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world people took picture of famous buildings cities and mountains In about 1840 photography was developed Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things That was not simple The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines But this did not stop them for example some in the United States worked so hard Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers He took many picture of gread people The picture were unusual beause they were very lifelike 栩栩如生的 Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century Some photod were nor just cooies of the real world They showed and feelings like other kinds of art 6 The first photo taken by Niepce was a picturte of A his business B his house C his garden D his window 7 The Daguerrotype was P A Frenchman B a kind of picture C a kind of camera D a photographer 8 If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840j he had to A watch lots of films B buy an expensive camera C stop in most cities D take many films and something else with him 9 Mathew Brady A was very lifelike B was famous for his unusual pictures C was quite strong D took many pictures of moving people 10 This passage tells us A how photography was developed B how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures C how to take pictures in the world D how to use different cameras 8 C Americans with small families own a small car or a large one If both parents are working they usually have two cars When the family is large one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van 住房汽车 A small car can hold 容纳 four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded 拥挤 A van hold seven persons easily so a family three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel They could all travel together Mr Hagen and his wife had a third child last year This made them sell a second car and bus a van Their children sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things for a family of five must carry many suitcases 衣箱 when they travel When they arrive at their grandparents home the suitcases are brought into the two seats can then carry the grandparents Americans call vans motor homes A motor home is always used for holidays When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside they can live in their motor home for a few days or to the seaside they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together That is why motor homes have become very popular In America there are many parks for motor homes 11 From the passage a van is also called A a motor car B a motor home C a motorbike D a big truck 12 Before Mr Hagen and his wife bought a van they A sold their old house B moved to their grandparents house C built a new place for a van D sold their second car 13 A motor home is usually owned by a family with A a baby B much money C more than two children D interest in vans 14 Americans usually use motor homer A to travel with all the family members of holiday B to do some shopping with all the family members C to visit their grandparents at weekends D to drive their children to school every day 15 Motor homes have become popular because A they can take people to another city when people are free B they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays C some people think motor homes are cheap D big families can put more things in motor homes 9 D Surtsey was born in 1963 Scientists saw the birth of this island It began at 7 30 a m on 14th November A fishing boat was near Iceland The boat moved under the captain s 船长 feet He noticed a strange smell He saw some black smoke A volcano 火山 was breaking out Red hot rocks fire and smoke were rushing up from the bottom 底部 of the sea The island grew quickly It was 10 meters high the next day and 60 meters high on 18th November Scientists flew there to watch It was exciting Smoke and fire were still rushing up Pieces of red hot rock were flying into the air and falling into the sea The sea was boiling and there was a strange light in the sky Surtsey grew and grew Then it stopped in June 1967 It was 175 meters high and 2 kilometers long And life was already coming to Surtsey Plants grew Birds came Some scientists built a house They want to learn about this young island A new island is like a new world 16 Surtsey is A an island not far from Iceland B a new volcano C a fishing boat D a place in Iceland 17 Scientists flew there A to watch the birth of the island B to save the fishing boat C to learn about the island D to build a house 18 When did scientist fly there to watch A Before the volcano broke out B As soon as the volcano broke out C About four days after the volcano broke out D After the volcano stopped rushing up 19 Put the following sentences in correct order a The captain found the boat was moving b A new island appeared in the sea c Fire smoke and rocks were seen rushing up d A fishing boat was near Iceland e The island grew quickly A d a c b e B a b c d e C a b e c d D b e d a c 20 The best title of this article is A A new island B The birth of an island C A new world D Scientists discovered Surtsey 10 E On Nov 18th 1908 three men went up in a balloon 气球 They started early in London The headman was Augusta Gaudron and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way Soon they heard the sea They were carrying the usual rope 绳子 and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box This could hold water or it could be empty So they were able to change its weight 重量 It was for use over the sea They were also carrying some bags of san