高中英语语法倒装句复习导学案牛津版选修8.doc

牛津高中英语语法倒装句复习导学案一 目标与要求：了解倒装句的基本结构，熟悉常见的几种倒装情况，熟练掌握有关倒装的六大主要考点。（1）含有否定意义的副词放在句首引起的部分倒装。（2）含有否定意义的连接词置于句首引起的部分倒装。（3） “so（nor, neither）+助动词 + 主语”与“so（nor, neither）+主语+助动词”之间的区别以及与“ so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别。（4）省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装。（5）not until置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装。（6）only短语置于句首引起的部分倒装。二 要点精讲1全部倒装全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等不及物动词的句子里。There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter.2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman. Under the tree sat a boy.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Here he comes.Away they went.2部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。1)句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, rarely,seldom, little, hardly, scarcely，at no time, in no way, Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than （刚。就。），not until 等。Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.典型例题：（1)No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun 答案D.具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句。 （2）Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B.smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时，须用倒装结构。本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. （3）Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know答案D. Not until位于句首，主句倒装。改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。注意：只有当Not only but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only but also仅连接两个并列主语，不可用倒装结构。Not only you but also I am fond of music. 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。2）. 用在以so, nor, neither开头，表示谓语所述的情况也适用于另一个人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一样”、“也这样”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示“同样也不，也不这样”，句子要部分倒装。Tom can speak French. So can Jack. If you wont go, neither will I.典型例题：-Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? -I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neither D. I dont care also答案：B. nor为增补意思也不关心，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 dont 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。 注意： 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. -Its raining hard.-So it is.3）. only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，用部分倒装句。Only in this way can you learn English well. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.注意： 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装,从句不倒装注意; only强调主语不倒装. Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. Only the teachers can use the room.4）. as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。注意：(主谓不倒装，只须把表语提到as前，且作表语的单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠词,且倒装时不可用although。) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. Proud as they are, they are afraid to see me. Young as he is, he knows a lot. Child as he is, he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠词）Hard as he worked, he made little progress.5）so/such that (结果状语从句) 结构中，so或such引导的部分位于句首时，需倒装。 So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. Such a kindhearted man is he that everyone loves him.6） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。 Were I you, I would try it again.3.。. 其它几种倒装情况 在某些表示祝愿的句型中,包括感叹句：May you all be happy. What a lovely girl shi is! 在频度状语often, always, many a time等开头的句子中,需倒装。Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。Many a time has she helped me with my English. 她不止一次地帮助或学习英语。在强调表语的句子中表语提前，不仅为了强调，而且为了使句子结构达到平衡协调，或使上下文紧密衔接。（如分词、不定式、形容词等作表语置于句首时）Gone are the days when we enjoyed the happy time in the wood.Such is life. 生活就是这样。Buried here was a famous poet.埋在这儿的是一位著名的诗人。Standing beside the table was his wife. 站在桌旁的是他的妻子。三 巩固练习 （选择正确答案,并将答案写在对应的题号前254=100）1.His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV, but . A. a little did he hear B. little did he hear C. little heard he D. a little heard he2.During the war, but also he lost his wife and his child. A.not was his job in the lab taken away B.not only was his job in the lab taken away C.not merely his job in the lab was taken away D.not just was taken away his job in the lab3. We have to stop talking here outside.Listen,! Hurry up, or well be late. A.There goes the bell B.There does the bell go C.There the bell goes D.Goes the bell there4.She didnt come to the party last Sunday.,she must have made the party more exciting. A.If she came B.Would she come C.Had she come D.Did she come5.They finally managed to climb to the top,but then. A.went the children down the hill B.down the hill did the children go C.down the hill went the children D.down the hill the children went6.I received his mothers telephone call at eleven.that he was badly hurt in an accident yesterday. A.Then did I know B.Only then I knew C.Only then did I know D.Only then knew I7. The old man wouldnt stay at home for a rest even if it rained. .He would feel sick if he stayed home for one day. A.So would my grandpa B.So wouldnt my grandpa C.Neither would my grandpa D.Nor wouldnt my grandpa8.By no means to our plan for the trip. A.will she agree B.she will agree C.agrees she D.will agree she9.Little Tom is an orphan.,he has to make a living by himself. A.A child as he is B.Child as he is C.Child as is he D.A child though he is 10.Hardly had she walked out of the woods she heard the strange scream coming from behind a tree. A.than B.until C.since D.when11.that we couldnt catch up with him. A.So fast he ran B.So fast did he run C.So fast ran he D.Such fast did he run12.can you find out how many chickens there are! A.Counting them B.By counting them C.Only by counting them D.Only have you counted them13.Between the two mountsand they decide to build a ropeway(索道). A.lies a very deep valley B.does a very deep valley lie C.a very deep valley lies D.a very deep valley lays14.Look over there.! A.Around the corner is walking a policeman B.Around the corner is a policeman walking C.Around the corner a policeman is walking D.Is around the corner walking a policeman15.,we could forgive him for his mistakes! A.Were he still a child B.If he is still a child C.Is he still a child D.He were still a child16.We have looked for the lost sheep almost everywhere,but nowhere . A.we can find it B.can we find it C.can find we it D.we can it find17.,she may not catch up with her sister Lisa. A.Hard though she works B.Hard although she works C.Hard works she D.Hard even if she works18.He is strict in everything and strict with everyone. A.My father is always such B.My father is always so a strict man C.Such is my father D.So a strict man is my father19.when we passed by its nest. A.Up into the blue sky did the bird fly B.Up into the blue sky the bird flew C.Up into the blue sky flew the bird D.Flew up into the blue sky the bird20.Not until 1998 _ back to his hometown. A. came he B. that he came C. did he come D. that he did come21.Hardly _ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 22_it rain, the crops would be saved.A. Were to B. Would C. Should D. Could23Scarcely the room the phone rang.AI had enteredwhen BHad I enteredthen Chad I enteredwhen Dhave I enteredwhen24 Only when 30 years old to learn English.Awas he , did he begin Bhe was , he beganCwas he , he began Dhe was ,did he begin25 Under no circumstances first use nuclear weapons.Awill ChinaBChina will Cdoes ChinaDdo China答案及简析1.B。具有否定意义的副词如：little, seldom, never, hardly, scarcely, rarely等位于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。2.B。not only.but also连接两个并列分句，且not only位于句首时，该分句主谓部分倒装。3.A。在以here, there, up, down, in, on, out, away, off等副词开头的句子里，主语是名词时，句子主谓全部