英语四级新试题1答案.doc

英语四级新试题1 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to the president of your university. You should write at least 120 words based on the outline given below in Chinese: (注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。） 1.学校教学应该注重学生学习方法的培养 2.学校应该丰富学生的校园生活. 参考范文1： Some Suggestions to the President of Our University Dear Mr. President, (I am writing to put up some suggestions) concerning our teaching and campus life. As a sophomore from the Math Department, I am quite satisfied with the present condition of our university,(but Id like to say that there is still some room for improvement.) (First), I believe that more attention should be paid to the guidance of our study methodsTo some extent，university students are capable of studying by themselves, but more often than never, we find ourselves(at a loss)as to choose good books to read and appropriate topics for our researchIt is clear that we need some advice from our teachers. If our teachers can lecture more on how to learn by yourself for us, especially for the freshmen, our skills will be further improved. (Second),more activities should be conducted to make our campus life more colorfulIm sorry to say that the present life on campus is quite boringEvery day we have classes，read in the library，or stay in the dormitory(Life here is routine).We need more meaningful activities organized to enrich our college life and enable us to study more efficiently (I hope you can consider my suggestions)Thank you Yours sincerely Li Ming 范文1点评： (I am writing to put up some suggestions)(注：括号中的句说明写信目的，点明主题。) (but Id like to say that there is still some room for improvement.) (注：括号中的语义转折，在表示对学校状况满意之后引出要改进的方面。) (First)第一个方面 (at a loss)短语，“不知所措”。 （Second)第二个方面。 (Life here is routine)“这里的生活平淡无味”，言简意赅，发人深省。 (I hope you can consider my suggestions)希望对方能够考虑。 评分 / 15 Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1 - 7, mark Y (for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8 - 10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. （注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。） JONS A person planning for a career today must look carefully at the expected occupational trends and changes in the job market. Affecting the economy are changes in the size, age, and distribution of the population, as well as developments in technology. These changes also affect employment opportunities. For example, an aging population has increased the need for medical care and other health services. Computer technology has not only eliminated or changed the nature of many jobs but a|so created new occupations. By analyzing the changing economy and the factors causing these changes, a person can forecast, or predict, future trends in employment. 1.The article deals with the employment of the future in the United States. AY BN CNG 参考答案 A 您的答案 得分 0 详细解答 本题考查文章的主题。需要先将文章浏览一遍。先看文章首段，第一句引起话题，说“做事业规划的 人必须关注劳动力市场上的就业趋势和变化(occupational trends and changes)”，接着提出了影响就业机会(employment opportunities)同时也是影响经济的几个因素人口和技术，并分别举例说明。最后说，分析经济的变 化和这些变化的原因将帮助人们把握就业的未来趋势(future trends in employment)。以下各段共三个部分，“A New Labor Force”部分介绍了美国当前和历史上劳动力大军的数量和构成，并分析对就业形势的影响；“Education”部分分析了教育在历史上和将来对就业形势的影响；“Goods Vs Services”部分分别分析了Service Industries 和GoodsProducing Industries内的就业趋势。所以本题题干的表述完全正确。 A New Labor Force The United States labor force the total number of people over the age of 16 who are employed or are actively seeking work totaled 127 million in 1992. By the year 2005, the labor force is expected to reach 151 million, an increase of 19% This increase represents a slight slowdown in the growth of the labor force compared with growth during the previous 13-year period, 1979-1992. The slowdown is largely due to slower population growth in the United States. 2.Slower population increase is largely responsible for the slight slowdown in the growth of the labor force. AY BN CNG 参考答案 A 您的答案 得分 0 详细解答 【解析本题定位词是the slight slowdown，涉及劳动力增长率轻微下滑的原因。题干是关于劳动力的数量 问题，锁定“A New Labor Force”部分。在该部分第一段中可以找到对应的定位词a slight slowdown in the growth of the labor force，后面紧跟着指出The slowdown is largely due to slower population growth in the United States。本题题干表述的内容正确，所不同的是因与果在题干句和原文中的位置做了互换，谓语成分be due to换成了相对应的be responsible for。 The U.S. labor force will become more diverse by 2005. White non-Hispanic men will make up a slightly smaller proportion of the labor force than in 1992, while women and minority group members will make up a larger share. Between 1992 and 2005, blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and other ethnic(种族的) groups will account for roughly 35% of all people entering the work force. In addition, women will continue to join the labor force in growing numbers. In 1979, women made up 42% of the labor force. By 2005, their share is expected to be 48 %. The age make-up of the U. S. population will change from 1992 to 2005. There will be a smaller proportion of children and teenagers and a larger proportion of middle-aged and older people. The decline in the proportion of children and teenagers reflects the lower birth rates of the 1980s and 1990s. The large increase in the middle-aged population reflects the aging of the baby boom generation people born between 1946. and 1964. The. rapid growth of the older population reflects both the high birth rates before the 1930s and improvements in medical technology that are allowing Americans to live longer. The changing age make-up of the U. S. population will directly affect tomorrows work force. Young people age 16 to 24 are expected to make up roughly the same percentage of the labor force in 2005 as they did in 1992. However, the percentage of workers age 25 to 34 will decline dramatically, from 28% to 21%. The baby boom generation will continue to add members to the work force, but their share will decline slightly. The most striking change will be a large increase in the percentage of workers between the ages of 45 and 54. These workers will account for 24% of the labor force in 2005, up from 18% in 1992. Workers in this age group usually have more employment experience than younger workers. Thus, employers will be able to choose from a larger pool of experienced applicants, people seeking jobs, in coming years. 3.Workers aged 25-34 usually have more employment experience than workers aged 16-24. AY BN CNG 参考答案 C 您的答案 得分 0 详细解答 本题定位词是2534和1624，涉及就业经验的问题。题干是与劳动力的构成有关的，锁定“A New Labor Force”部分。迅速查读，在该部分最后一段找到对应的定位词16 to 24和25 to 34。文中分别描述了两个 年龄阶段的人在劳动力大军中所占的比例情况，但是并没有对两个年龄阶段的人的就业经验进行比较，所以题干中信息文中没有提及。事实上，文章在稍后一点提到了45和54岁之间的劳动者的情况，并将这个年龄阶段的劳 动者与比他们年轻的劳动者在就业经验上进行了比较，说Workers in this age group usually have more employment experience than younger workers。考生如果没有盯紧定位词，就很容易在查读发现more employment experience后张冠李戴，将此题判为正确。 Education : A Prerequisite(先决条件) for Employment. The education level of the labor force has risen dramatically in recent years. In 1980, for example, 19 of all workers age 25 and older had completed four years of college. In 1992, 27% had a bachelors degree or higher. The trend toward higher educational achievement is expected to continue. From 1992 to 2005, employment growth will be faster for occupations requiring higher levels of education or training than for those requiring less. Managerial, professional, and technical positions will make up an increasing proportion of new jobs that become available. Many of the occupations projected for grow most rapidly are those with higher earnings. Office and factory automation, changes in consumer demand, and the movement of factories overseas will continue to affect job opportunities. Employment in jobs requiring little formal education may decline. They may also stagnate, or stay the same, making job opportunities for people who have not finished high school increasingly limited. In addition, those workers will be more likely to have low paying jobs with little opportunity for advancement. 4.Although the job applicants have not finished high school, they are highly likely to be promoted. AY BN CNG 参考答案 B 您的答案 得分 0 详细解答 【解析本题定位词是high school，涉及文化程度不高的求职者的提升问题。题干与教育有关，锁定“Education”部分。查读定位词，在本部分最后一段找到对应的定位词people who have not finished high school，再寻找到 与promote相关的信息：those workers will be more likely to have low paying jobg with little opportunity for advancement。其中advancement对应题干中的be promoted，但原文中说的是晋升机会很小，是否定的，题干所述与 原文不符，所以是错误的。 Goods Vs Services Today industries providing services employ more people than those providing goods. Currently, about 21% of the labor force is employed in goods-producing industries, such as mining, manufacturing, and construction. About 79% of United States workers are employed in service-producing industries, such as health care, education, transportation, communications, and banking. Economists forecast a continued increase in the number of jobs in service-producing industries. By 2005. service jobs are expected to make up 82% of the job market. 5.More people are employed in service sections than in manufacturing ones. AY BN CNG 参考答案 A 您的答案 得分 0 详细解答 本题题干是在对服务行业和制造行业的就业人数情况进行比较，锁定“Goods Vs Services”部分：本部分第一段第一句正与题干相关：Today industries providing services employ more people than those providing goods。题干所述与原文相符。考生没能将它们对应上的原因可能是没有理解题干中的service sections就是原文中的industries providing services，manufacturing ones就是those providing goods这类行业中的一个小类，这一点 可以在后文中得到肯定。在逻辑上存在这样的比较关系：AB，BC，所以AC。所以题干的表述是正确的。 Employment Trends in Service Industries Health services will continue to be one of the fastest growing industries in the U.S. economy from 1992 to 2005. For example, home health care is the second most rapidly growing industry today. The increased demand for health services is due to improvements in medical technology, the growing size of the U.S. population, and the increasing proportion of older people in the population. 6.The increasing proportion of older people is one of the reasons why home health care grows fastest today. AY BN CNG 参考答案 B 您的答案 得分 0 详细解答 【解析】本题定位词是home health care“家庭医疗护理”，是服务行业的具体内容，从而锁定“Goods Vs Services”部分的Employment Trends in Service Industries。该部分第一段就是与home health care相关的信息。题于 中关于older people的信息是正确的，the increasing proportion of older people确实是该行业增长的原因，但是这 里需要注意的是题干中关于这个行业本身的表述是错误的。题干中说home health care grows fastest，这与原文 中home health care is the second most rapidly growing industry today的表述不一致。所以此题题干的表述是错误的。另外，题干以The increasing proportion of older people开句，容易使考生错以为答案出处是在“A New Labor Force”部分。这一点可以根据题目顺序与行文顺序基本一致的原则排除。 Business services also will generate many jobs by 2005. However, this industry will grow more slowly than it did from 1979 to 1992. Business services include one of the fastest growing industries in the U.S. economy: computer and data processing services. This industrys rapid growth is due to advances in technology, worldwide trends toward office and factory automation, and increased demand by companies, government agencies, and individuals. 8.Business services experience rapid growth as a result of worldwide automation, growing demand and_. 参考答案 advances in technology 您的答案 详细解答 本题定位词是business services，Employment Trends in Service Industries中的第 二段就是关于business services的介绍，并找到表述rapid growth原因的句子：This industrys rapid growth is due to advances in technology，worldwide trends toward office and factory automation，and increased demand by companies，government agencies，and individuals，从中提取答案。 Other service industries also will experience growth from 1992 to 2005. Education, for example, is expected to add 2. 8 million jobs due to population growth and rising school enrollments. Employment in social services is expected to increase by 1.7 million. In fact, the most rapidly growing industry in the U.S. economy today is residential care. The economy will also see strong job growth in the passenger transportation industry, including travel agencies. Employment in the communications industry, however, is expected to decline by 12%. This decline is due to laborsaving technology and increased competition among companies. 9.Increased competition among companies and labor-saving technology will contribute to a loss of jobs in_. 参考答案 the communications industry 您的答案 详细解答