一般过去时与过去进行时讲解与练习.doc

一般过去时与过去进行时讲解与练习一般过去时篇【结构】一般过去时的基本结构是：当谓语动词是be动词时：主语 + was / were 当谓语动词是其它动词时：主语 + 动词过去式【例句呈现】请观察下面的句子，体会一下一般过去时在各句中的用法及其表示的意义。1) We moved here five years ago. 我们五年前搬到这里。2) Julia caught a bad cold yesterday. 朱丽亚昨天得了重感冒。3) When I was a child we often went to the seaside in August. 在我小的时候，我们经常在八月份去海边。4) The children often swam in this river before the factory was built here. 在这里修建了这座工厂之前，孩子们经常在这条河中游泳。5) I used to read newspapers after breakfast. 我以前经常在早餐后读报纸。6) Mary would stay at home and read a book whenever it rained. (以前)每当下雨的时候，玛丽就会呆在家中看书。7) I wanted to ask you if you could help me. 我想问你是否能帮助我。8) We wished you could go for a picnic with us. 我们希望你能跟我们一起去野餐。9) Would you like a glass of beer? 想要一杯啤酒吗？10) Should I call him tonight? 我应该今晚给他打电话吗？11) I think it might rain soon. 我认为可能会下雨。12) My secretary said that she would let me know as soon as she got the information. 我的秘书说，她得到消息后马上就会让我知道。13) I wish I had a better memory. 真希望我的记性能好一点。14) Id rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。【主要用法归纳及例句解读】(1)表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去时间的副词yesterday, the other day, last week (year, night, month ), in 1989, two hours ago, just now等连用，如1)、2)两句；有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也需要用一般过去时，如：I didnt know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(说话时“我”已经知道“你”在巴黎了，这句话指的是说话之前的状态，应该用过去时表示) (2)表示过去一段时间经常或反复发生的动作。这时可与频度副词often, usually, always等连用，如3)、4)两句；(3)表示过去经常发生的动作、过去的习惯等，也可用used to / would + 动词原形 (其中used to表示“过去经常，而今不再”)，如5)、6)两句；(4) want, hope, wish, wonder, think等动词可用一般过去时表示现在的一种委婉的语气或一种试探性的态度，如7)、8)两句；(5) 情态动词的过去式，如could, would, should, might等可用于现在或将来，表示一种委婉的语气，如9), 10), 11)三句；(6) 有些时候，从句的动作不一定表示过去，但为了与主句的谓语动词在时态上保持一致，也会使用一般过去时，如句12)。(7) 用在would rather, wish后面的从句中(虚拟语气)，表示与现在的事实相反的情况，如13), 14)两句。过去进行时篇【结构】过去进行时的基本结构：主语 + was / were + 动词的现在分词形式【例句呈现】请继续观察下面的句子，认真体会过去进行时在句中的具体用法。1) At this time, the man downstairs was trying to sleep. 这个时候，楼下的男人正设法入睡。2) What was David doing at 8:00 yesterday morning? 昨天早上八点，大卫在做什么？3) The Browns were cleaning the house from 8 to 9. 从八点到九点这段时间，布朗一家在打扫房子。4) The last time I saw her, she was planning to have a holiday. 上次我见到她的时候，她正盘算着要休个假。5) Catherine didnt like her roommates, because they were always borrowing things from her. 凯瑟琳不喜欢她的室友，因为她们总是借她的东西。6) The colleagues didnt want him to leave the department because he was always helping others. 同事们不想让他离开这个部门，因为他总会帮别人的忙。7) The headmaster told us that the President was arriving soon. 校长告诉我们总统就要来了。8) The couple said they were leaving for Chicago the next month. 夫妇俩说，他们下个月要去芝加哥。【主要用法归纳及例句解读】(1) 表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，如1)、2)、3)三句；(2) 表示在过去相对较长一段时间内正在进行的动作，但是说话时不一定在做此动作，如句4)。(3) 过去进行时与always, usually等连用时，表示过去反复进行的动作，含有赞扬、不满等感情色彩。如句5)表示不满，句6)表示表示赞扬的感情色彩；(4) 表示过去将要发生的动作，常出现这种用法的动词有come, go, leave, start, arrive等，如7)、8)两句。真题演练1. Have you known Dr Jackson for a long time? Yes, since she _ the Chinese Society. (2008 全国I)A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined2. I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time! (2008 湖南) A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked3. I dont believe youve already finished reading the book I _it to you this morning! (2008 浙江) A. would lend B. was lending C. had lent D. lent4. He _ football regularly for many years when he was young. (2008 天津) A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had played5. Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad. Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _ of my friends back home. (2007 全国II)A. have just thoughtB. was just thinkingC. would just thinkD. will just be thinking6. I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening. Impossible. She TV with me in my home then. (2007 福建)A. watchedB. had watched C. would watchD. was watching7. Ouch! You hurt me! I am sorry. But I any harm. I to drive a rat out. (2007 江西) A. didnt mean; tried B. dont mean; am trying C. havent me