数控车床编程与操作及不同系统的坐

out city created and care masses life focus work in depth investigation more out boutique masterpiece makes we of research results more to into led of decision vision more to in national some has effect of newspaper Shang published for advance work and publicity changde play due of role Third information submitted to be pragmatic Quick and timely The ancients said for the time system statement back for the time being nothing Therefore the submission of information to do four that is find the problem faster editorial writing send and read faster approval and feedback to implement quickly To be true and accurate True mainly reflect the full picture of events one is one two this is the life of the information Accuracy is primarily qualitative and quantitative questions quantitative objective of publicQualitative logic To be reliable and useful We submit information to have access to decision making to guide and promote the work and solve practical problems Mixed cum On the negative information and emergency information rapid escalation in strict accordance with the procedures firm newspaper newspapers never late fail to report false claim and skimming Investee 2 supervision and insist on around and protecting their interests to touch the truth seek practical results Adhere to people oriented the most important thing is to realize safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people We carry out inspection so must go deep among the masses go deep into the realities always pay attention to the people s livelihood to grasp the public sentiment and earnestly safeguard the benefit addressing the masses are most concerned about and reflecting the strongest issues efforts to solve the problem of decisions implemented and not implemented One is to stick to principles Right of inspection is one of the most important powers of the Office should not only dare to use but also with caution So called dared to use is to hold a number of important issues bold supervision over supervision track inspection problems are not solved do not pass the blame does not hold did not miss dissatisfaction of the masses did not miss the real right of supervision authority with the benefits Call with caution is supervising departments should strengthen the consciousness of authorized strictly according to procedure preventing the supervision and excessive to prevent adding burden to grass roots To this end the supervision Department of the Party Committee of supervision must be under city and County party Committee Secretary General Office Second we should focus on Is the Governor those related to the globalEvent Governor the protracted difficult strong Governor during emergency urgent Not having special departments in charge of the General Governor under the normal procedure can do good things not Governor not authorized by County leaders not the Governor Third is to solve the problem The purpose of supervision to resolve the problem To adhere to and further improve the feelings survey by looking up public sentiments to find problems Problems will increase its special supervision set up accounts hold on to it We should conscientiously implement the leading contracting matters secured had an answer to everything then settles rate of 100 Have an impact on some of the outstanding issues supervision departments and information components together play the supervisory role of the news media to promote problem solving Investee 3 insist on a daily run around the practice of truth catching efficiency focus specification To give full play to the party Office around connecting coordinating internal and external features contact rally at all levels to motivate every aspect adhere to the truth strengthening standardized management to achieve coherent efficient and effective functioning of the daily work of the Party Committee Is processing messages should strive to streamline standardize and quality Streamlining is to control the number of messages compress messages reducing procedures improve message handling efficiency Specifications is to strictly enforce the ban issued by the Communist party authorities in document handling regulations and provincial and municipal regulations conscientiously strengthen and improve communications management to ensure that party documents orderly High quality is to improve the quality of message processing it is necessary to accurately implementing the intention of the Party Committee clearance good communications policy program closed ensuring that there is no error Second meeting scheduled to ensure thorough safe and efficient Any arrangements for the meetings and events carefully arranged item by item interface implemented sure To vigorously streamline meetings activities number of pressure reduction scale to ensure that leadership emerged from the General Conference and entertainment services focus on big things matters Third reception services should lay stress on humane personal cultural and human Reception and work directly with people reception services directly affecting the Office of party Committee The image of the region At the same time strengthening the construction of library improve the reception conditions more human oriented personal cultural work into the reception a little more human needs a little more human care more humane atmosphere and constantly improve the service improve the quality of service Meanwhile to further pay special attention to the daily work of the other Office System Confidential work responsibility system for leading cadres to implement security as a leader to improve the confidentiality of classified personnel especially leading cadres strengthening party and Government focus on vital sectors of security management to advance privacy management standardization modernization of security techniques as a means of administration according to law and security enforcement ensure the safety of the party and State secrets Confidential work to meet the demands of new technology development 数控车床编程与操作及不同系统的坐标建立方法 时间 2012 03 26 作者 模具联盟网 点击 79 评论 0 字体 T T 数控车床编程与操作 4 1 数控车床简介 4 1 1数控车床概述 数控车床作为当今使用最广泛的数控机床之一 主要用于加工轴类 盘套类等回转体零件 能 够通过程序控制自动完成内外圆柱面 锥面 圆弧 螺纹等工序的切削加工 并进行切槽 钻 扩 铰孔等工作 而近年来研制出的数控车削中心和数控车铣中心 使得在一次装夹中可以完 成更多得加工工序 提高了加工质量和生产效率 因此特别适宜复杂形状的回转体零件的加工 4 1 2数控车床的组成 数控车床由床身 主轴箱 刀架进给系统 冷却润滑系统及数控系统组成 与普通车床所不同 的是数控车床的进给系统与普通车床有质的区别 它没有传统的走刀箱溜板箱和挂轮架 而是 直接用伺服电机或步进电机通过滚珠丝杠驱动溜板和刀具 实现进给运动 数控系统由 NC 单 元及输入输出模块 操作面板组成 1 数控车床的机械构成 从机械结构上看 数控车床还没有脱离普通车床的结构形式 即由床身 主轴箱 刀架进给系 统 液压 冷却 润滑系统等部分组成 与普通车床所不同的是数控车床的进给系统与普通车 床有质的区别 它没有传统的走刀箱 溜板箱和挂轮架 而是直接用伺服电机通过滚珠丝杠驱 动溜板和刀具 实现运动 因而大大简化了进给系统的结构 由于要实现 CNC 因此 数控车 床要有 CNC 装置电器控制和 CRT 操作面板 图4 1所示为数控车床构成的各部分及其名称 图4 1 数控车床的构成 1 主轴箱 图4 2为数控车床主轴箱的构造 主轴伺服电机的旋转通过皮带轮送刀主轴箱内的 变速齿轮 以此来确定主轴的特定转速 在主轴箱的前后装有夹紧卡盘 可将工件装夹在此 图4 2 数控车床主轴箱的构造 2 主轴伺服电机 主轴伺服电机有交流和直流 直流伺服电机可靠性高 容易在宽范围内控制 out city created and care masses life focus work in depth investigation more out boutique masterpiece makes we of research results more to into led of decision vision more to in national some has effect of newspaper Shang published for advance work and publicity changde play due of role Third information submitted to be pragmatic Quick and timely The ancients said for the time system statement back for the time being nothing Therefore the submission of information to do four that is find the problem faster editorial writing send and read faster approval and feedback to implement quickly To be true and accurate True mainly reflect the full picture of events one is one two this is the life of the information Accuracy is primarily qualitative and quantitative questions quantitative objective of publicQualitative logic To be reliable and useful We submit information to have access to decision making to guide and promote the work and solve practical problems Mixed cum On the negative information and emergency information rapid escalation in strict accordance with the procedures firm newspaper newspapers never late fail to report false claim and skimming Investee 2 supervision and insist on around and protecting their interests to touch the truth seek practical results Adhere to people oriented the most important thing is to realize safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people We carry out inspection so must go deep among the masses go deep into the realities always pay attention to the people s livelihood to grasp the public sentiment and earnestly safeguard the benefit addressing the masses are most concerned about and reflecting the strongest issues efforts to solve the problem of decisions implemented and not implemented One is to stick to principles Right of inspection is one of the most important powers of the Office should not only dare to use but also with caution So called dared to use is to hold a number of important issues bold supervision over supervision track inspection problems are not solved do not pass the blame does not hold did not miss dissatisfaction of the masses did not miss the real right of supervision authority with the benefits Call with caution is supervising departments should strengthen the consciousness of authorized strictly according to procedure preventing the supervision and excessive to prevent adding burden to grass roots To this end the supervision Department of the Party Committee of supervision must be under city and County party Committee Secretary General Office Second we should focus on Is the Governor those related to the globalEvent Governor the protracted difficult strong Governor during emergency urgent Not having special departments in charge of the General Governor under the normal procedure can do good things not Governor not authorized by County leaders not the Governor Third is to solve the problem The purpose of supervision to resolve the problem To adhere to and further improve the feelings survey by looking up public sentiments to find problems Problems will increase its special supervision set up accounts hold on to it We should conscientiously implement the leading contracting matters secured had an answer to everything then settles rate of 100 Have an impact on some of the outstanding issues supervision departments and information components together play the supervisory role of the news media to promote problem solving Investee 3 insist on a daily run around the practice of truth catching efficiency focus specification To give full play to the party Office around connecting coordinating internal and external features contact rally at all levels to motivate every aspect adhere to the truth strengthening standardized management to achieve coherent efficient and effective functioning of the daily work of the Party Committee Is processing messages should strive to streamline standardize and quality Streamlining is to control the number of messages compress messages reducing procedures improve message handling efficiency Specifications is to strictly enforce the ban issued by the Communist party authorities in document handling regulations and provincial and municipal regulations conscientiously strengthen and improve communications management to ensure that party documents orderly High quality is to improve the quality of message processing it is necessary to accurately implementing the intention of the Party Committee clearance good communications policy program closed ensuring that there is no error Second meeting scheduled to ensure thorough safe and efficient Any arrangements for the meetings and events carefully arranged item by item interface implemented sure To vigorously streamline meetings activities number of pressure reduction scale to ensure that leadership emerged from the General Conference and entertainment services focus on big things matters Third reception services should lay stress on humane personal cultural and human Reception and work directly with people reception services directly affecting the Office of party Committee The image of the region At the same time strengthening the construction of library improve the reception conditions more human oriented personal cultural work into the reception a little more human needs a little more human care more humane atmosphere and constantly improve the service improve the quality of service Meanwhile to further pay special attention to the daily work of the other Office System Confidential work responsibility system for leading cadres to implement security as a leader to improve the confidentiality of classified personnel especially leading cadres strengthening party and Government focus on vital sectors of security management to advance privacy management standardization modernization of security techniques as a means of administration according to law and security enforcement ensure the safety of the party and State secrets Confidential work to meet the demands of new technology development 转矩和速度 因此被广泛使用 然而 近年来小型 高速度 更可靠的交流伺服电机作为电机 控制技术的发展成果越来越多地被人们利用起来 3 夹紧装置 这套装置通过液压自动控制卡爪的开 合 4 往复拖板 在往复拖板上装有刀架 刀具可以通过拖板实现主轴的方向定位和移动 从而同 Z 轴伺服电机共同完成长度方向的切削 5 刀架 此装置可以固定刀具和索引刀具 使刀具在与主轴垂直方向上定位 并同 Z 轴伺服电 机共同完成截面方向的切削 如图4 3所示为刀架结构 6 控制面板 控制面板包括 CRT 操作面板 执行 NC 数据的输入 输出 和机床操作面板 执行 机床的手动操作 图4 3 刀架结构 2 数控系统 数控车床的数控系统是由 CNC 装置 输入 输出设备 可编程控制器 PLC 主轴驱动装置和 进给驱动装置以及位置测量系统等几部分组成 如图4 4所示 图4 4 CNC 系统构成 数控车床通过 CNC 装置控制机床主轴转速 各进给轴的进 z 给速度以及其他辅助功能 4 1 3数控车床的特点 1 传动链短 数控车床刀架的两个方向运动分别由两台伺服电机驱动 伺服电机直接与丝杠联 结带动刀架运动 伺服电机与丝杠也可以按控制指令无级变速 它与主轴之间无须再用多级齿 轮副来进行变速 随着电机宽调速技术的发展 目标是取消变速齿轮副 目前还要通过一级齿 轮副变几个转速范围 因此 床头箱内的结构已比传统车床简单得多 2 刚性高 与控制系统的高精度控制相匹配 以便适应高精度的加工 3 轻拖动 刀架移动一般采用滚珠丝杠副 为了拖动轻便 数控车床的润滑都比较充分 大部 分采用油雾自动润滑 为了提高数控车床导轨的耐磨性 一般采用镶钢导轨 这样机床精度保持的时间就比较长 也 可延长使用寿命 另外 数控车床还具有加工冷却充分 防护严密等结构特点 自动运转时都 处于全封闭或半封闭状态 数控车床一般还配有自动排屑装置 4 1 4数控车床的分类 数控车床品种繁多 按数控系统功能和机械构成可分为简易数控车床 经济型数控车床 多 功能数控车床和数控车削中心 1 简易数控车床 经济型数控车床 是低档次数控车床 一般是用单板机或单片机进行控 制 机械部分是在普通车床的基础上改进设计的 out city created and care masses life focus work in depth investigation more out boutique masterpiece makes we of research results more to into led of decision vision more to in national some has effect of newspaper Shang published for advance work and publicity changde play due of role Third information submitted to be pragmatic Quick and timely The ancients said for the time system statement back for the time being nothing Therefore the submission of information to do four that is find the problem faster editorial writing send and read faster approval and feedback to implement quickly To be true and accurate True mainly reflect the full picture of events one is one two this is the life of the information Accuracy is primarily qualitative and quantitative questions quantitative objective of publicQualitative logic To be reliable and useful We submit information to have access to decision making to guide and promote the work and solve practical problems Mixed cum On the negative information and emergency information rapid escalation in strict accordance with the procedures firm newspaper newspapers never late fail to report false claim and skimming Investee 2 supervision and insist on around and protecting their interests to touch the truth seek practical results Adhere to people oriented the most important thing is to realize safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people We carry out inspection so must go deep among the masses go deep into the realities always pay attention to the people s livelihood to grasp the public sentiment and earnestly safeguard the benefit addressing the masses are most concerned about and reflecting the strongest issues efforts to solve the problem of decisions implemented and not implemented One is to stick to principles Right of inspection is one of the most important powers of the Office should not only dare to use but also with caution So called dared to use is to hold a number of important issues bold supervision over supervision track inspection problems are not solved do not pass the blame does not hold did not miss dissatisfaction of the masses did not miss the real right of supervision authority with the benefits Call with caution is supervising departments should strengthen the consciousness of authorized strictly according to procedure preventing the supervision and excessive to prevent adding burden to grass roots To this end the supervision Department of the Party Committee of supervision must be under city and County party Committee Secretary General Office Second we should focus on Is the Governor those related to the globalEvent Governor the protracted difficult strong Governor during emergency urgent Not having special departments in charge of the General Governor under the normal procedure can do good things not Governor not authorized by County leaders not the Governor Third is to solve the problem The purpose of supervision to resolve the problem To adhere to and further improve the feelings survey by looking up public sentiments to find problems Problems will increase its special supervision set up accounts hold on to it We should conscientiously implement the leading contracting matters secured had an answer to everything then settles rate of 100 Have an impact on some of the outstanding issues supervision departments and information components together play the supervisory role of the news media to promote problem solving Investee 3 insist on a daily run around the practice of truth catching efficiency focus specification To give full play to the party Office around connecting coordinating internal and external features contact rally at all levels to motivate every aspect adhere to the truth strengthening standardized management to achieve coherent efficient and effective functioning of the daily work of the Party Committee Is processing messages should strive to streamline standardize and quality Streamlining is to control the number of messages compress messages reducing procedures improve message handling efficiency Specifications is to strictly enforce the ban