汽车专业英语单词和翻译重点

1 an understanding of how the systems work help you understand how the automobile works 了解各系统如何工作有助于了解汽车是如何工作的 2 these support the vehicle and cushion it from road bumps for better ride and handling 它们支撑着车身 并缓解由于路面不平引起的颠簸 以获得更好的乘坐舒适型和 操作稳定性 3 The purpose of an automobile engine is to supply the power needed to move the vehicle 汽车发动机的功用是提供汽车行驶所需的动力 4 The internal combustion engine is a device used to convert the chemical energy of the fuel into heat energy and then convert this heat energy into usable mechanical energy 内燃机是一种将燃料的化学能转化为热能 再把热能转化为可利用的机械能的装置 5 The amount of air fuel mixture allowed to enter the cylinder determines the power and speed developed by the engine 进入汽缸中的可燃混合气体的数量 决定了该发动机 的功率和转速 6 Reducing friction to minimize wear and loss of power is the primary job a lubrication system must perform 减少摩擦 降低磨损和动力损失是润滑系统必须完成的主要工作 7 The clutch which includes the flywheel clutch disc pressure plate springs cover and the linkage necessary to operate the clutch is a rotating mechanism between the engine and transmission 离合器是位于发动机和变速器之间的一个旋转装 置 它包括飞轮 离合器摩擦片 压盘 压紧弹簧 离合器盖以及操作离合器所需要的连 接杆件等 8 To start the engine Or shift the gear the driver has to depress the clutch pedal with the purpose of disengagement the transmission from the engine at that time the driven members connected to the transmission input shaft are either stationary or rotating at a speed that is slower or faster than the driving members connected to the engine crankshaft 为了启动发动机或换挡 驾驶员必须踩下离合器踏板以便于实现变速器 和发动机的分离 此时 与变速器输入轴相连的离合器从动件可能处于静止状态 也可能 以一定的速度旋转 这一速度可能高于或低于与发动机相连的离合器主动件的旋转速度 9 either way pushing the pedal down operates the disengagement mechanism which puts pressure on the fingers of the clutch diaphragm via a release bearing and cause the diaphragm to release the clutch plate 无论采用哪种方式 踩下踏板 操纵分离机构 通 过分离轴承对离合器膜片弹簧施加压力 均可以解除膜片弹簧对离合器盘的压紧 10 The modern automatic transmission consists of many components and systems that are designed to work together in a symphony of planetary gear sets the hydraulic system seals and gaskets the torque converter the governor and the modulator or throttle cable and computer control that has evolved over the years into what many mechanically included individuals consider to be an art form 自动变速器由许多的部件和 系统组成 它们有行星齿轮组 液压系统 密封圈 和密封衬垫 变矩器 油压调节器 调制器 节气门拉索 电子控制装置等 经过精心设计 运作协调 其中的电子控制装置 经历了多年的发展 已经巧妙的形式融入了许多人性化的设计 11 in this scenario when we turn the ring gear the planets will walk along the sun gear which is held stationary causing the planet carrier to turn the output shaft in the same direction as the input shaft but at a slower speed causing gear reduction similar to a car in the first gear 在这种情况下 当转动齿圈 行星齿轮将沿着被固定的太阳轮运行 从而行星齿轮架带动 输出轴以与输入轴相同方向的旋转但速率较小 来实现减速 类似于普通变速器的一档 12 The final drive assembly also provide gear reduction so that the drive wheels spin more slowly than the drive shaft 主减速器总成具有减速作用 因而驱动轮要比传动 轴转的慢 13 brakes are actually energy conversion devices which convert the kinetic energy momentum o f the vehicle into thermal energy heat when stepping on the brake s the driver command s a stopping force ten time s as powerful as the force that puts the car in motion 制动器实际上就是能量转换装置 它讲汽车的动能转化为热能 当驾驶 员踩下制动踏板 所产生的制动力是汽车运动时动力的十倍 16 the typical brake system consists of disk brakes in front and either disk or drum brake s in the rear connected by a system of tubes and hoses that link the brake at each wheel to the master cylinder 常见的制动系统布置有前后盘式 前盘后鼓式 各个车轮上的制动 器通过一套管路系统连接到制动主缸上 14 The parking brake system controls the rear brakes through a serious of steel cables that are connected to either a hand lever or a foot pedal the idea is that the system is fully mechanical and completely bypasses the hydraulic system so that the vehicle can be brought to a stop even if there is a total brake failure 驻车制动系统通过一套与操纵手柄 与踏板相连的钢缆来操纵后轮制动器 这套系统是机械式的 且与液压系统并联 从而保 证在整个液压制动系统失灵的情况下汽车也能实现制动 15 on most cars it takes three to four complete revolutions of the steering wheel to make the wheel s turn from lock to lock from far left to far right 对于大多数汽车来说 使转向轮从一侧的极限位置偏转到嫩一侧的极限位置 从最左侧到 最右侧 转向盘需要转动三到四圈 16 different tooth pitch number of teeth per inch in the center than it has on the outside 有些汽车采用可变传动比的转向器 在其齿轮齿条机构中 齿条中心与两端的齿 距 每英寸的齿数 不同 17 instead of twisting further into the block the way a regular bolt would this bolt is held fixed so that when it spins it moves the block which moves the gear that turns the wheels 由于转向螺栓的轴向是固定的 所以螺杆转动时 没有像通常那样螺杆向螺母深 处前进 而是使螺母沿螺杆轴向移动 从而带动齿扇轴 最后偏转转向轮 18 as The Vanes spin they pull hydraulic fluid from the return line at low pressure force it into the outlet at high pressure 随着叶片的转动 从回油管吸入低压油然后把它压向出 油口 以高压油输出 19 The compressed spring when force is removed returns to its original position the distance that a spring compressed under force depends on the rate of the spring 当压紧 力撤除时 被压紧的弹簧恢复到初始状态 在压力作用下 弹簧的压缩变形量取决于该弹 簧的刚度 20 rubber bushings are placed between the bolts and the links these bushings dampen vibrations The links hold the axle in place and keep it from moving from side to side or forward and backward 在螺栓和控制壁之间装有橡胶衬套 这些衬套可以缓解振动 这些 控制壁确保后桥工作在正确的位置 防止它左右或前后移动 unit1 body 车身 chassis 底盘 enclosure 外壳 套 hood 车棚 车顶 sway 摇摆 frame 车架 steering 转向 操作 brake 制动 weld 焊接 rivet 铆钉 bolt 螺钉 washer 垫圈 vibration 振动 stabilizer 稳定器 ride 乘坐舒适性 handling 操作稳定性 linkages 转向传 动机构 plier 钳子 distributor 分电器 alternator 交流发电机 regulator 调节器 carburetor 化油器 radiator 散热器 水箱 defroster 除冰装置 sludge 金属碎屑 transmission 变速器 differential 差速器 power train 传动系 unitized body 承载式车身 suspension system 悬架 系统 steering system 转向系 braking system 制动系 shock absorbers 减震器 control arms 控制臂 steering wheel 转向盘 steering column 转向管柱 steering gears 转向器 tie rod 横 拉杆 idler arm 随动臂 brake shoe 制动蹄 disc brake 盘式制动器 drum brakes 鼓式制动器 ignition system 点火系统 exhaust system 排气系统 lubrication system 润滑系 oil filters 机 油滤清器 drive or propeller shaft 传动轴 universal joints 万向节 unit2 longitudinal 纵向的 transverse 横向的 reciprocate 往复 spin 旋转 piston 活塞 ignite 点 火 rub 摩擦 quart 夸脱 reservoir 油箱 mechanical 机械的 enclosed 被附上的 gallon 加仑 stroke 冲程 camshaft 凸轮轴 combustion 燃烧 disengaged 脱离啮合的 flywheel 飞轮 internal combustion engine 内燃机 diesel fuel 柴油 LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas 液化石油 气体 CNG Compressed natural gas 压缩天然气 spark ignition 火花点火 compression ignition 压缩点火 spark plug 火花塞 gas turbine engine 蒸汽机 Stirling engine 斯特灵发 动机 lubricating system 润滑系统 oil pan 油底壳 oil pump 机油泵 exhaust system 排气 系统 emission control system 排放控制系统 energy conversion 能量转换 air fuel ratio 空 燃比 connecting rod 连杆 TDC Top Dead Center 上止点 BDC Bottom Dead Center 下止 点 intake stroke 进气冲程 compression stroke 压缩冲程 power stroke 作功冲程 exhaust stroke 排气冲程 compression ratio 压缩比 unit3 residual 剩余的 varnish 积碳 buildup 组合 adhesion 粘着 cleanser 清洁剂 sludge 油泥 grime 污垢 clog 填塞 gum 粘合 trough 水槽 baffle 隔板 sump 油底壳 crankcase 曲 轴箱 porosity 多孔性 periphery 外围 synthetic 合成的 additive 添加剂 antiscuff 防磨 损 overhaul 大修 neutralize 使无效 agitation 激动 start up 启动 engine block 气缸体 dry sump 干油底壳 wet sump 湿油底壳 pickup tube 机油吸油管 filter screen 滤网 full flow filtering system 全流式滤清器 pressure relief valve 安全阀 bypass valve 旁通阀 gear type oil pump 齿轮泵 jockey pulley 张紧轮 corrosion inhibitor 阻蚀剂 detergent dispersant 清 洁分散剂 viscosity index 粘度指数 foam inhibitor 泡沫抑制剂 unit8 clutch 离合器 flywheel 飞轮 stationary 静止的 stationary 扭转的 crankshaft 曲轴 stall 停转 mount 安放 groove 沟 lever 杆 pivot 支点 gearbox 变速器 retract 缩回 compactness 紧密 drive train 传动系 drive shaft 传动轴 pressure plate 压盘 clutch disc 离合器从动盘 gear ratio 传动比 release bearing 分离轴承 release fork 分离拨叉 master cylinder 主缸 clutch pedal 离 合器踏板 coupling device 接合装置 at idle 空转 couple with 与 连接 ring gear 齿圈 pinion gear 小齿轮 splined hub 花键毂 cast iron 铸铁 diaphragm spring 膜片弹簧 thrust pad 止推垫 engage with 与 啮合 centrifugal force 离心力 fulcrum ring 导轴衬 bell housing 离合器壳 unit9 hump 圆形隆起 transaxle 变速驱动桥 tuck 挤进 gasket 垫圈 governor 调速器 modulator 调 制器 spline 花键 bone 结合 strap 皮带 doughnut 油炸圈饼 stator 定子 maze 曲径 submerge 淹没 quart 夸脱 downshift 向下换挡 optimal 最佳的 solenoid 电磁线圈 retrieve 找回 cork 软木塞 manipulate 操作 fluid coupling 液力耦合器 torque converter 液力变矩器 planetary gear set 行星齿轮组 throttle cable 节气门拉索 ring gear 齿圈 high gear 高速档 reverse gear 倒档 sprag clutch 楔块式超越离合器 centrifugal force 离心力 gear up 使换快档 stick shift 顶 档杆 vacuum hose 真空软管 throttle valve 节流阀 leak out 泄露 windshield wiper 风窗玻璃 刮水器 unit10 differential 差速器 hypoid 准双曲面的 intersect 相交 mesh 啮合 traction 静止的 limited slip differential LSD 防滑差速器 drive shaft 传动轴 axle shaft 半轴 final drive assembly 主减 速器总成 gear reduction 齿轮减速 gear reduction ratios 齿轮减速比 side gear 半轴齿轮 pinion shaft 行星齿轮轴 drive pinion 主动小齿轮 unit11 disastrous 灾难性的 hood 发动机罩 plunger 柱塞 sponginess 海绵性的 malfunction 故障 bypass 迂回 corkscrew 开塞钻 inoperative 不起作用的 booster 调压器 slam 冲击 screech 发 出尖锐的声音 thumping 极大的 momentarily 即刻 thermal energy 热能 master cylinder 制 动主缸 brake pedal 制动踏板 brake hose 制动软管 slave cylinder 轮缸 drum brake 鼓式制动 器 brake shoe 制动蹄 bleeder screw 放气螺钉 spongy pedal 踏板发软 panic stop 紧急制动 friction lining 比例阀 equalizer valve 平衡阀 pressure differential valve 差压阀 combination valve 组合阀 emergency brake 紧急制动器 brake booster 制动助力器 flat spot 平点 hydraulic actuator 液压传动机构 unit12 perpendicular 垂直的 intersect 相交 enclose 装入 mechanism 机械装置 rack 齿条 spindle 轴 revolution 旋转 slightly 轻微的 fluid 液体 linkage 连接 thread