护理专业英语

1,Nursing English,Annie Wong 王一婷Email: Office:7D306,2,Requirements,PreviewPracticePerformance,RaptureReviewRepeat,Reference,护理英语人民卫生出版社 宋军主编护患情景会话100例 东南大学出版社 李惠玲主编医学英语单词触类旁通科学技术文献出版社 周铁成编著医学英语听与说高等教育出版社 王丽娟主编医学英语教学短文阅读上海外语出版社 梁正溜主编 Parkinson J, Brooker C. (2004). Everyday English for International Nurses. 1st ed. Churchill Livinstone.,4,Unit 1Introduction to Medical Terms,5,Learning objectives,掌握：医学英语复数形式；医学英语单词的构成法熟悉：医学英语单词的发音基本规律了解：医学英语的来源；医学英语的同义现象,Origin of Medical Terms,Native Words,Old English,Borrowed Words,GreekLatinFrenchGermanItalianSpanish,医学英语单词发音基本规则,开音节、重读开音节：读字母音A rate date basinE renal penisI bite glycemiaO nose diagnosisU nude student,医学英语单词发音基本规则,重读闭音节、闭音节：读强弱音、弱音A rat gland thoracicE bet retinaI bit biscuitO nod toxicU null stubborn,医学英语单词发音基本规则,重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节,Bacillus （杆菌）Appendicitis（阑尾炎）adenoma（腺瘤）Splenoceratosis（脾硬化）Transurethral（经尿道的）streptoco cus（链球菌）,医学英语单词发音基本规则,重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节两个元音一起算一个音节,Anemia （贫血）Macrosomia（巨体）Cholelithiasis（胆石病）,医学英语单词发音基本规则,重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节2、重音在倒数第一音节,-rrhea diarrhea (loose bowels)腹泻 menorrhea (period)月经 amenorrhea 闭经 rhinorrhea 鼻溢,医学英语单词发音基本规则,重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节2、重音在倒数第一音节3、以下词尾的重音在倒数第三音节,1）-y 2）-oid3）-meter4）部分-al结尾的词5）部分-ate结尾的词,医学英语单词发音基本规则,-y：学科、方法、性质Physiology （生理学）Immunity （免疫）Disability （残疾）Maternity（母性、怀孕）Gastrectomy（胃切除）Laparoscopy （腹腔镜）Bronchography （支气管造影）,医学英语单词发音基本规则,-oid 像、类、似、状Albuminoid （白蛋白样的，类蛋白）Carotinoid （类胡萝卜素）Rheumatoid （类风湿的）,医学英语单词发音基本规则,-meter 计Thermometer （体温计）Spirometer （肺活量计）Sphygmometer （脉搏计）,医学英语单词发音基本规则,部分-al结尾的词 cerebral （大脑的）Professional （专业的）Esophageal （食道的）Laryngeal （喉的）Pharyngeal （咽的）,医学英语单词发音基本规则,部分-ate结尾的词Permanganate（高锰酸盐）Reticulate （成网状）Aggregate （聚集）Aggravate （加重）,医学英语单词发音基本规则,重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节2、重音在倒数第一音节 -rrhea3、以下词尾的重音在倒数第三音节,1）-y 2）-oid3）-meter4）部分-al结尾的词5）部分-ate结尾的词,19,Formation of plurals,Words ending in a, retain the a and add e,Word analysis,20,Formation of plurals,Words ending in um, drop the um and add a,Word analysis,21,Formation of plurals,Words ending in us, drop the us and add i,Word analysis,22,Formation of plurals,Words ending in ex or ix ,drop the ex or ix,and add ices,Word analysis,23,Formation of plurals,Words ending in is ,drop the is and add es,Word analysis,24,Formation of plurals,Words ending in on ,drop the on and add a,Word analysis,Synonymous phenomenon of medical terms,26,Word-formation in Medical Terminology医学英语构词法,Affixation 词缀法Composition 合成法Conversion 转类法Blending 拼缀法,Backformation 逆成法Clipping 截短法Acronyms 首字母缩略法,27,Affixation,PrefixationAutograft isograft allograft xenograft SuffixationImmune immunity immunize immunizationCombining vowelO I A,RETROGASTRICRetr-o-gastr-ic(prefix-vowel-root-sufix),28,Composition,Compound word 合成词Open compoundHeart failure / bone growth /sleeping sicknessHyphenated compoundHigh-resolution / fat-free / bottle-feed Solid compoundWindpipe / sleepwalk / overweightNeoclassical compound 新古典主义合成词Biocide / psychanalysis / biophysics ,29,Conversion,I sent you an e-mail. I e-mailed you yesterday.Can I have your e-mail address in case I need to e-mail you.,30,Blending,Part + part genome (gene + chromosome) Whole + part breathalyzer (breath + analyzer)Part + whole Medicaid (medical + aid) medicare (medical + care) chemotherapy (chemical + therapy),31,Backformation,动词由名词去掉词缀而来Chain-smoke chain-smokerAutomate automation Diagnose diagnosis Ovulate ovulation Psychoanalyze psychoanalysis,32,Clipping,Exam examinationFlu influenzaLab laboratory Polio poliomyelitisPsych psychology Ad advertisement,33,Acronyms,CT (computerized tomography) / RBC (red blood cell) / ECG (electrocardiogram) TB (tuberculosis) / OD (overdose) / IV (intravenous) a.c. (ante cibum = before meal) p.c. (post cibum = after meal)b.i.d (bis in die = twice a day)t.i.d (ter in die = three times a day),Homework,Reading first part “Brief History of English Language”Translate “Early Modern English”(class 1) and “Late Modern English”(class 2), and submit within 2 weeks.,35,Unit 2Word Analysis,Learning objectives,掌握：常见的词根前缀、后缀和联接词学会:根据前缀、后缀、词根估测单词的意思,37,Word analysis,Hemat/o/logyElectr/o/cardi/o/gramGastr/o/enter/o/logyRetro/gastr/ic Pre/nat/al,38,The three types of word part,Word roots usually indicate the involved body partSuffixes usually indicate the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease.Prefixes usually indicate the location, time, number, or status.,39,Rules for using the combing vowel,A combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a vowel (a-e-i-o-u)A combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant.A combining vowel is always used when two or more roots words are joined.A prefix does not require a combining vowel.,Retro/gastr/ic,Hemat/o/logy,Sub/hepat/ic,Gastr/o/enter/o/logy,40, Word roots Prefixes Suffixes Formation of plurals,Word analysis,41,Word roots,AdenomaAdenitisAdenology,Word analysis,Aden/o 腺体,42,Word roots,BiologyBiopsyBiotherapy,Word analysis,Bi/o 生物、生命；成双的,BicephalusBicolorBicycle,43,Word roots,CarcinomaCarcinosarcoma,Word analysis,Carcin/o 癌，瘤,44,Word roots,CardiologyCardiovascularCardiomyopathy,Word analysis,Cardi/o 心脏,45,Word roots,CerebrumCerebralCerebritisCerebrovascular accident,Word analysis,Cerebr/o 大脑,46,Word roots,Cystoscope/cystoscopyCystomaCystopyelonephritis,Word analysis,Cyst/o 包囊，囊肿，膀胱,47,Word roots,CytobiologyCytocide insecticide,Word analysis,ErythrocyteLeukocyteThrombocyteLymphocyteMonocyte,Cyt/o -cyte 细胞,48,Word roots,DermatitisDermal/DermicDermatosis/dermatopathy,Word analysis,Dermat/o derm/o 皮肤,49,Word roots,Electroencephalogram Encephalosis/encephalopathy,Word analysis,Encephal/o 脑,50,Word roots,GastroenterologyGastritis,Word analysis,Gastr/o 胃,51,Word roots,HematomaHemoglobinHematocyteHemogram,Word analysis,Hemat/o Hem/o 血液,52,Word roots,HepatitisHepatocarcinoma,Word analysis,Hepat/o 肝脏,53,Word roots,LaryngitisLaryng/o/scopy,Word analysis,Laryng/o 喉,54,Word roots,Lymph/o/cyteLymph/aden/itis,Word analysis,Lymph/o,55,Word roots,Mast/o/carcinomaMast/itis,Word analysis,mast/o 乳房 乳腺,56,Word roots,NephricNephritisNephrectomy,Word analysis,Nephr/o 肾脏,Ren/o,Renal,57,Word roots,NeurologyNeuralNeuralgia,Word analysis,Neur/o 神经,58,Word roots,OncologistOncotomy,Word analysis,Onc/o 肿瘤，肿块,59,Word roots,OphthalmicOphthalmectomyOphthalmalgia,Word analysis,Ophthalm/o 眼睛,60,Word roots,OsteoarthritisOsteoarthropathy,Word analysis,Oste/o 骨骼,61,Word roots,Pathologist/PathologyPathologicPathoglycemia,Word analysis,Path/o,62,Word roots,PsychosisPsychologypsychologist,Word analysis,Psych/o,63,Word roots,Rhin/o/rrhagiaRhin/o/plastyRhin/itis,Word analysis,Rhin/o 鼻子,64,Word roots,Hemat/uriaUr/emia,Word analysis,ur/o ;urin/o 尿,65,Prefixes,a-,an-,ab Anemia Abnormal Abacterial Anallergicauto-Autopsy Autoimmune Autoantibodydia-Diagnosis Diameter,Word analysis,66,Prefixes,dys-Dysentery Dysarthrosisendo-Endocrine Endomyocarditisexo-Exocrine,Word analysis,67,Prefixes,hyper-Hyperglycemia Hypertensionhypo-Hypodermic Hypoglycemia Hypotensionpro-Prognosis Pronucleus Proerythrocyte,Word analysis,68,Prefixes,re-Reevaluate Reexamineretro-Retrogastric Retrocardiacsub-Subhepatic Subrectal,Word analysis,69,Prefixes,trans-TransurethralTransdermalTransabdominal,Word analysis,70,Suffixes,-al neural enteral-algia arthralgia neuralgia -cyte leukocyte erythrocyte-ectomy gastrectomy nephrectomy-emia leukemia hyperglycemia,Word analysis,71,Suffixes,-globin hemoglobin -gram hemogram arthrogram-ic gastric nephric dermic-ism hyperthyroidism feminism -itis gastroenteritis nephritis,Word analysis,72,Suffixes,-logist neurologist endocrinologist-logy nephrology gynecology-oma hepatoma carcinoma-opsy biopsy autopsy-osis nephrosis gastrosis,Word analysis,73,Suffixes,-scope gastroscope laparoscope-scopy laparoscopy arthroscopy-sis diagnosis prognosis-tomy neurotomy lapraotomy,Word analysis,74,Suffixes -reviewing,-ectomy VS -tomy-osis VS -sis-scope VS -scopy,Word analysis,75,76,Expanding your knowledge,Colloquial EnglishIdioms: parts of the bodyPhrasal verbsProfessional and General Nursing School,77,Colloquial English,Anus - back passageBladder waterworksBowels gutBrain headpiece, noodle, nutBreast bosom, chest, nipples,Parts of the body,78,Colloquial English,Elbow funny boneEnlargement of abdomen in older people middle-age spreadEye optics, peepersTo be boss-eyed; to be cock-eyedTo have a lazy eye,79,Colloquial English,Genitals down below, private parts, thingHead brain-box, brain-pan, skullHeart engineTo have a dicky heartLungs bellows, tubesTo be short-winded,80,Colloquial English,Legs bandy legged (bow), drumsticks, knock-kneed, peg leg, pinsTo have a gammy legTo have ducks diseaseTo be bad on ones pinsNavel belly button,81,Colloquial English,Nose beacon; to be blocked up; stuffySpine backboneStomach abdomen, tummyTo burpTo have a gastric stomachTo have a pain in ones guts,82,Colloquial English,Throat organ-pipe, windpipeA churchyard coughPhlegmTo have a frog in the throatTo have a throatTongue furred, furry, thickUrethra pipe, waterpipe,83,Colloquial English,ConstipationTo be bunged upTo be costiveI havent been for 4 days.Defaecate To do a big jobTo have th