新牛津英语8A unit5重要知识点讲解.doc

教学目标：本单元重要知识点讲解1. Why not? Wild animals are free and happy. (1) Why not?表示赞同别人的建议，相当于Good idea! I think so等。(2) free意为“免费的；自由的”。作“自由的”讲时，- freer-freest，其反义词是busy; be busy doing sth. 作“免费的”讲时，没有比较级和最高级形式，常用短语为for free（免费地）。be free to do sth.意为“自由地做某事”。如：You are free to go or stay.(3) wild作名词， “野生状态 in the wild “在自然环境下；在野外”。wild作形容词， “野生的”，一般作定语修饰名词；也可跟在连系动词后面作表语。We shouldnt hunt wild animals for food.These roses are wild。2So could you please not eat them? Can/Could/would you please + 动词原形.？ “请你，好吗？”。其否定式是在please后直接加not。Could you please not park your car here?3Please have pity on them，Eddie. have pity on sb. “同情某人”。 pity是不可数名词，意为“同情”。pity作“遗憾，可惜”讲时，是可数名词。I have pity on you but I cant help you this time.What a pity! 这真是遗憾呀!4. die vi.死dead adj.死的*dying adj.快死的death n死。 die of与die from的区别：die of指死于疾病、衰老等自身的原因；die from指死于地震、交通事故、雷击等外部原因；死于饮酒、受伤、劳累过度、饥饿、饥寒等两者皆可。用die，dead，dying或death填空 The man_ in the accident. His sudden_ made his family very sad. Two people were in the room when the fire happened. The man was_ and the woman was_ and the doctor was trying to save her.without是介词， “没有”，without +后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 There is no smoke without fire。无风不起浪。他没有告诉他母亲就离开了家。 He left home_5. They look so cute。它们看上去是如此可爱。look在本句中是连系动词，意思是“看起来”，后面跟形容词（短语）作表语。Look at 此时look 是实意动词，后跟副词He looks happy. He looks happily at the girl. 可用作连系动词的感官动词还有：taste，feel，sound，smell等。例题：( )1. Would you like_ for a walk now? A. to go B. to going C. going D. go( )2. He went out_ his hat.A. without wearing B. didnt wear C. no wearing D. not wearing( )3. Could you please_ the door for me? Its too cold. A. not close B. close C. not to open D. open( )4. Her grandpa_ a year ago. A. died B. dies C. dead D. dying( )5. - Your parents want to see you. _.They are in Shanghai. A. Of course B. Any away C. On the way D. No way句型转换。 1I like monkeys best（对画线部分提问） _ _ do you like best? 2The pandas look cute.（对画线部分提问） _ _ the pandas look?3He didnt have breakfast and went to school.（同义句转换） He went to school_ _ breakfast. 4Could you please tell me the answer to the question?（改为否定句） Could you please_ _ me the answer to the question? 5You mustnt play on the road.（改为祈使句） _ _ on the road.Reading 1We called her Xi Wang. call作动词时，意为“称呼；打电话；叫”，后可接宾语和宾语补足语；call sb. sth. 作名词时，意为“打电话，通话；呼声，叫声”。The boy called Tom is my brother. His friends call him Bob. I called him this morning. =I gave him a call thismorning.2. This means“hope”。 mean可以用作及物动词，意为“意思是；指的是；意味着”。 Mean doing/ sth.Mean to do sth. Eg: What does this sign mean? This sign means“Keep off the grass”， meaning是名词，意思是“意思；含义”。the meaning of意思是“的意思；的含义”。 It means“hope”。 Its meaning is“hope”3. looked like a white mouse look like的意思是“看起来像，看上去像”，相当于be like，其中的like是介词，后面要跟宾语。Sam is like his father Sam looks like his father.知识拓展 look the same “看起来一样”，后面不跟宾语。 用look like或look the same填空 You and your cousin_. Your hat_ a cat.4. When Xi Wang was born, she weighed just 100 grams.be born 动词词组 “出生，出世”，when Xi Wang was born是一个时间状语从句，at birth 名词词组 “出生时” 5 . Eight months later, she was not a small baby any more and weighed over 35 kilograms not.any moreno more意为“不再”。，常用于过去时或将来时的句子中；Now she wasnt afraid any more.Weigh v. 对重量的询问：6. When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself. (1) learn to do sth意为“学会做某事”。learn后常接动词不定式作宾语。如：I learned to swim when l was five years old.(2) look after oneself= take care of oneself意为“照料自己”。如：The boys are too young to look after themselves.（3）在某人多大时： at +年龄 =at the age of +年龄= when sb. +be +年龄Eg He learned to swim at eight years old. He learned to swim when he was eight years old. He learned to swim at the age of eight.7. Sadly, giant pandas face serious problems in the wild不幸的是，大熊猫在野外面临严重的问题。sadly是sad的副词，在句中单独使用时，相当于to ones sadness，sad sadder saddest sad sadly sadness The boy looked sadly at his mother.Sadly, there are not many giant pandas left in the world. 8. For example, it is very difficult for pandas to have babies.例如，大熊猫生孩子是非常困难的。for example= such as=like，它们都可以用于举例说明, 但也有区别。(1)Its+形容词+for sb. to do sth. 固定句型， “对某人来说，做某事是的”。 Its impossible for the boy to do such hard work.(2) have babies意为“生孩子”。9. Also, giant pandas live mainly on a special kind of bamboo.而且，大熊猫主要靠一种特殊的竹子为生。live on “以食为生”， “继续活着”，相当于survive。Sheep live on grass.绵羊以食草为生。10. However, the bamboo forests are becoming smaller and smaller.(1) however与but的区别：(2)“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越”。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校越来越干净。 Our school is_。 这儿的食品越来越贵。 The food here is_。11. As a result, pandas may not have a place to live or food to eat.因此，大熊猫可能无处生存，无以为食。(1) as a result是一个习惯短语，意为“因此，结果”。 the result(s) of sth. 的结果He didnt practice, and as a result, he lost.(2) not have a place to live(in) =have no place to live( in)。to live在句中作后置定语，修饰名词place。food to eat意为“可吃的食物”，to live和to eat都是动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的名词。如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词时，一定不能把搭配的介词遗漏，当所修饰的词是place，time，way时，习惯上要省略介词。I have lots of homework to do.I need a pen to write withHe has three children to take care of.12. take action to do sth.的意思是“采取措施做某事”， 13. If we do nothing, soon there may be none left! 假如我们什么都不做，很快将会一个熊猫都不剩。none和nothing有何区别？(1) none:可与of连用；谓语动词用单数、复数皆可；具体指什么人或物；一般用来回答how manyn，how muchn.及含anyn.引导的疑问句。 None of us have/has seen him.我们中没有人见过他。 - How many students are there in the room? - None. - Is there any water in the bottle? - None. - How much money do you have on you? - None. (2) nothing:指物；谓语用单数；一般用来回答含anything的一般疑问句及what引导的特殊疑问句。 - What is in the box? 盒子里有什么？ - Nothing.什么也没有。 - Is there anything in the sky? 天上有什么吗？ - Nothing.什么也没有。 - Can you see anything without glasses? 不戴眼镜你能看见什么吗？ - Nothing什么也看不见。 ( )- What else do you need for your trip? -_else. Ive packed everything. A. Nothing B. Anything C. None D. Something ( ) I want some coffee, but there is _in the pot. A. no one B. something C. none D. nothing 探究点二：none与no one有何区别？-How much water is there in the bottle? -None. -Who will go to the party?谁将去参加聚会？ - No one/Nobody.没有人。14. However, we do believe that where there is Xi Wang，there is hope.在肯定句中出现助动词do，does或did，则表示加强语气的作用，有really之意，它们后面接动词原形。He does enjoy himself every day.She did feed the pet dog just now.15. Bats cant see, but they can fly the right way with the help of their mouth and ears.蝙蝠看不见，但是它们能够在嘴和耳朵的帮助下按正确的方向飞行。with the help of sb. =with ones help意为“在某人的帮助下”。不可以用under代替with。They finished the work on time with the help of the computer.16. The horse is standing with its eyes closed.那匹马闭着眼睛站着。with its eyes closed是介词短语作伴随状语，表明前面的动作发生时的状态，with具有“伴随着，随着”之意。此结构常是：with+名词代词+分词介词短语形容词。如：He said with tears in his eyes.She fell asleep with the light burning.17. Bees always remember the same way as they went.蜜蜂总是能记得它们所走过的路。the sameas结构中same后接名词，as可作连词或介词， （be different from与不同） She is as old as Millie is.= She is the same age as Millie is她与米莉同龄。18Im sorry to hear that.我很抱歉听到这个消息。这是个交际用语，主要在别人遇到不好的情况的时候使用，用来安慰别人。19. in the beginning = at first开始，起初；later后来； in the end = _ = _ 最后，终于 注意区别：At the beginning of this week, he made a mistake. （指开始的时间）20. be in danger处于危险中；animals in danger处境危险的动物；be out of danger 脱离危险Danger 名词 危险 dangerous 形容词 危险的 be dangerous 21. He may be afraid of them他也许害怕它们。 May .可能，也许，后接动词原形。(与can 的区别) You may go to see him an hour later. be afraid of sth. /doing sth. /to do sth.害怕（做）某事。 The girl is afraid of dogs. Are you afraid of staying/to stay at home alone?22. They always begin to save some food before winter comes.save vt. & vi.储存，节省。此外，save还有“拯救”之意。begin后也可接动名词作宾语。 He began to learn/learning English two years ago.常见的后接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：agree，decide，begin，fail，forget，hope，plan，prepare, remember, try, want, stop等。 He agreed to go with me.他同意和我一起