七年级英语语法：一般过去式及练习.doc

一般过去时1. 一般过去时的用法。2. 一般过去时的谓语动词形式。3. 一般过去时的谓语动词过去式的构成。4. 一般过去时的句式。（放在下一讲中）。5. 一般过去时与一般现在时等时态的区别。6. 中考中对该知识点的考查常以单项选择题、动词应用题、句型转换题等题型出现，分值1-2分。一、知识精讲（一）一般过去时的用法：1. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。【例句】We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 我们昨天打扫了教室。状元典例What did you do yesterday evening?I _ my homework.A. do B. did C. does D. am doing答案：B思路分析：根据问句“昨天晚上你做了什么？”可知答语的动作发生在过去，即：昨天晚上。故应用一般过去时。浏览各选项可知B项表示过去时态，是do的过去式。2. 一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。【例句】They often went to work by bike last year. 他们去年常常骑自行车去上班。状元典例The boy often_ for his tests last year.A. study B. studied C. studies D. studyed答案：B思路分析：句中虽然有often，但不能用一般现在时，因为句末有表示过去的时间状语last year；本句表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作；study的过去式为studied，故选B项。句意为“去年这个男孩经常为测验而学习”。（二）一般过去时谓语动词的构成：一般过去时有两种谓语动词：1. 系动词be，构成的肯定句式为：主语+was/ were +其他【例句】He was at home yesterday. 昨天他在家。Lucy and Lily were in the library last night. 露西和莉莉昨晚在图书馆。2. 实义动词，构成的肯定句式为：主语+实义动词的过去式+其他【例句】We did our homework two hours ago. 我们是两小时前做的作业。状元典例It_ rainy last Sunday, so Jim _ at home.A. is; stays B. was; stays C. was; stayed D. is; stay答案：C思路分析：根据last Sunday可判断时态用一般过去时；句意为“上星期天下雨了，所以吉姆待在家中”。（三）一般过去时的标志词：1. yesterday（morning, evening, afternoon）, the day before yesterday等。【例句】I was at home yesterday morning. 昨天早上我在家。2. last year（ month, term, week, night）等。【例句】They visited the farm last month. 他们上个月参观了那座农场。3. two days ago, a moment ago（just now）, three years ago 等。【例句】He came here two days ago. 他是两天前来到这儿的。4. in +过去的时间点。【例句】We became good friends in 2008. 我们在2008年成了好朋友。状元典例1Lucy played tennis _.A. next Sunday B. every morning C. last weekend D. now答案：C思路分析：根据题干中的played tennis是一般过去时，所以时间状语要用表示过去的。A项表示将来；B项意为“每天早上”，时态为一般现在时；D项是现在进行时的标志词。last weekend意为“上个周末”，表示过去，符合句法要求。状元典例2Yesterday it was rainy and we _to walk in the rain. It was really funny.A. stop B. stops C. stopped D. stoped答案：C思路分析：由题干中的yesterday可知时态用一般过去时；stop的过去式是stopped。句意为“昨天下雨了，我们停下来在雨中散步”。（四）动词的过去式的构成：1. 规则动词的构成规则：一般直接在动词词尾加-ed。look looked以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾加-d。live lived以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed。study studied末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。stop stopped注意其读音：清辅音后面读/t/，元音、浊辅音后面读/d/，/t/, /d/后面读作/d/。2. 不规则动词的构成无一定规则，需要单独记忆。have had； do did; read read状元典例My mother _ to Beijing last month.A. go B. goes C. went D. going答案：C思路分析：根据时间状语last month可知时态用一般过去时；go的过去式是went。句意为“上个月我妈妈去了北京”。二、难点聚焦1. 带有确定的表示过去时间的状语时，要用过去时。【例句】They had a party the other day. 前几天，他们开了一场晚会。状元典例I _Lin Tao yesterday morning.A. meet B. met C. are meeting D. meets答案：B思路分析：根据题干中明确地表示过去时间的状语yesterday morning可知时态用一般过去时，故选B项。句意为“我昨天早上遇到林涛了”。2. 在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。【例句】Lei Feng was a good soldier. 雷锋是个好战士。状元典例Tomas Edison _ many useful things.A. invent B. invents C. invented D. is inventing答案：C思路分析：浏览题干可知“托马斯爱迪生”已去世，故时态用一般过去时。句意为“托马斯爱迪生发明了许多有用的东西”。3. 表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时。这种情况下，句中往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而是通过上下文来表示。【例句】The boy opened his eyes for a moment，looked at the captain，and then died.那个男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就死去了。状元典例He put on his coat and _ out.A. go B. goes C. went D. going答案：C思路分析：浏览题干可知and连接两个并列的动作，前一个用的是一般过去时，故后一个也用一般过去时。句意为“他穿上外套出去了”。4. 表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作。常与always，never等连用。【例句】Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella when she lived in London. 当彼得太太住在伦敦的时候，她老是带着一把伞。状元典例His father never_ when he was young.A. drinks B. drink C. drank D. drinking答案：C思路分析：根据题干中的never和when he was young可知表示“过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作”，故时态用一般过去时；句意为“他爸爸年轻时从不喝酒”。5 有些句子，虽然没有过去的时间状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也要用过去时，这一点，要特别注意！【例句】I didnt know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。状元典例 Dont walk on the grass. Theres a sign “Keep off the grass”.Sorry, I _it.A. see B. saw C. didnt see D. dont see答案：C思路分析：根据答语“抱歉”可判断“在你告诉我之前，我没有看到”，故时态用一般过去时；故选项C正确。句意为“不要在草地上走。那儿有一个请远离草地的标志。抱歉，我没有看到”。三、1. 首先根据句子的时间状语判断使用一般过去时。2. 如果句中没有时间状语，要根据句子的语境来正确判断。3. 在句子中，正确分清be动词和实义动词。4. 确定好动词之后，正确使用动词的过去式。1. （四川凉山） Ten minutes ago, there_ an eraser, a pen and some books on the desk. A. was B. were C. is 答案：A思路分析：根据时间状语ten minutes ago可知时态用一般过去时；再根据there be句型中，几个并列名词作主语，谓词动词遵循就近原则，an eraser是单数，故谓语动词用单数形式；二者结合起来，A项正确。2. （重庆）Where is Mrs Wilson?I saw her in the library _. Im not sure if she is still there.A. right now B. just now C. at once D. so far答案：B思路分析：根据答语中的saw可知时态用一般过去时，故应用表示一般过去时的时间状语；A，C两项意为“立刻”，用于一般将来时；D项意为“到目前为止”，用于现在完成时；B项意为“刚才”，用于一般过去时符合句意。 3. （北京）They _ her to the party, so she was very happy.A. invite B. invited C. will invite D. are inviting答案：B思路分析：根据后半句用的一般过去时，可知前半句也应用一般过去时。句意为“他们邀请她去参加聚会，所以她很高兴”。4. （北京）Paul and I _ tennis yesterday. He did better than I.A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing答案：C思路分析：根据题干中的yesterday可知时态用一般过去时，故选C项。句意为“昨天我和保罗打网球了。他打得比我好”。5. （呼和浩特）He went into his room, _ the light and began to work.A. has turned on B. turned off C. turned on D. has turned off 答案：C思路分析：浏览题干可知本题运用的是几个连续的动词，由第一个和第三个动词的过去式可知第二个动词也用过去式，排除A，D两项；根据句意“他进入房间，打开灯开始工作”可知C项正确。turn off意为“关上”。6. （贵州毕节）What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China? He _in a car factory.A. worked B. works C. is working D. will work答案：A思路分析：浏览题干可知问句是一般过去时，故答语也用一般过去时。故选A项。7. （四川广元）Have you ever been to Hong Kong？Yes, I there last month. A. went to B. have been C. went答案：C思路分析：根据答语中的last month可知是表示明确的过去时间的状语，故时态用一般过去时。句意为“你曾去过香港吗？是的，我上个月去过那儿”。8. （山东青岛）Hello! Im very glad to see you. When _ you_ here?A. did; arrive B. will; arrive C. have; arrived D. are; arriving答案：A思路分析：从Im very glad to see you. “很高兴在这里见到你。”可知问的是 “过去”什么时候“到达的，故答案选A项，用一般过去时。9. （浙江湖州） How was your trip to Hang Zhou, Jim? Great! We _ to Xixi National Wetland Park. A. go B. am going C. will go D. went 答案：D思路分析：根据问句中的was可知是问“过去的杭州之旅”，故答语用一般过去时。句意为“你去杭州的旅行怎样，吉姆？太棒了！我们去了西溪国家湿地公园”。10. （四川德阳） Do you know who cleaned the blackboard, Tina? Yes. John _. A. do B. does C. did答案：C思路分析：根据问句“你知道是谁擦的黑板吗？”，“擦”黑板的动作发生在过去，故答语“约翰擦的”用一般过去时，故选C项。本句是简略答语，完整的应是：John cleaned the blackboard.（答题时间：40分钟） . 写出下列动词的过去式1. isam_ 2. fly_ 3. plant_ 4. drink_5. go_ *6. make _ 7. worry_ 8. eat_ 9. draw_ 10. put _ . 单项选择（ ）*1. Mr. Black was late because he _ his way. A. losted B. had lost C. has lost D. lost （ ）*2. Lee _ his mobile phone at home. A. was left B. has left C. had left D. left （ ）3. He _worried when he heard the news.A. is B. was C. does D. did（ ）4. There _ a telephone call for my brother Steven yesterday.A. is B. was C. are D. were（ ）*5. After the game they _ the last bus, so they had to take a taxi. A. took B. caught C. saw D. missed （ ）6. China _the WTO and became a new member of it several years ago. A. joined B. join C. will join D. hat joined （ ）7. He _a letter to his family last Sunday. A. wrote B. write C. writes D. has written （ ）*8. There was a strange sound outside. Mary went out and _ around, but she _nothing. A. looked; saw B. saw; saw C. watched; looked D. looked; find（ ）9. What did Mr. Jones do before he moved here? He _a city bus for over twenty-five years. A. is driving B. drove C. has driven D. drives （ ）*10. Hello, Mike. Its you. I _ you _ in Beijing. How long have you been here?A. dont know; were B. hadnt know; are C. havent known; are D. didnt know; were. 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空1. I _（watch）a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _（read）a newspaper last night.3. We _to the zoo yesterday, we _ to the park now. （go） 4. I _（sweep）the floor yesterday.5. It _（be）Bens birthday last Friday 6. We all _（have）a good time last night.7. He _ （jump） high on last Sports Day. 8. Helen _ （milk） a cow every Friday.9. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. （read）10. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. （play）11. Jims mother _ （plant） trees an hour ago.12. It _ （be） the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr. White _ （go） to his office by car.13. Gao Shan _ （put） the book on his head a moment ago.14. They never _ in the room. （smoke）15. He always _ to work by bike when he was in Shanghai. （go）.根据汉语意思完成下列句子1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。 I _ a busy _ exciting weekend. 2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。 Jenny likes _ _. She _an English book last night. 3. Emma每天都看电视。昨天他也看了。Emma _TV every day. And he _ it yesterday. 4. 上学期你们班里有多少学生?How many students _ _ in your class last term?5. 他们上周六做作业和购物了。 They _ their homework and _ shopping last Saturday.1. was 2. flew 3. planted 4. drank 5. went 6. made 7. worried 8. ate 9. drew 10. put.1-5 DDBBD 6-10 AAABD思路分析：1. 根据前半句的时态是一般过去时可判断后半句时态也用一般过去时。句意为“布莱克先生迟到了，因为他迷了路”。故选D项。2. 浏览题干，根据句意“Lee把手机忘在家中了”可知时态用一般过去时。leave的过去式为left。故选D项。5. 浏览各选项可知A项意为“带；乘”；B项意为“赶上“；C项意为“看到”；D项意为“错过”；根据句意“所以他们不得不乘出租车”可知“比赛后他们错过了最后一班车”，故D项符合句意。8. 根据题干中的was, went可知本题时态用一般过去时，排除D项；see和watch是及物动词，后接宾语；而第一个空后没有宾语，故排除B，C两项。只有A项符合。句意为“外面有一个奇怪的声音。玛丽走出去，环顾四周，但是什么也没看到”。10. 根据句意“迈克，你好。真是你。我不知道你在北京。你在这儿待了多久了？”可知“在见到你之前我不知道你在北京”，故用一般过去时。选D项。. 1. watched 2. read 3. went; are going 4. swept 5. was6. had 7. jumped 8. milks 9. reading; read 10. is playing; played11. planted 12. was; went 13. put 14. smoked 15. went.1. had; but 2. reading books; read 3. watches ; watched 4. were there 5. did; went在上一讲中我们提到一般过去时态有两种谓语动词，即：系动词be和实义动词。在本讲中我们要学习它们各自的句式。(一) be动词的一般过去时句型1. 肯定句：主语+was/ were+其他.【例句】He was in Shanghai last year. 去年他在上海。状元典例The children _in the gym. They had a good time.A. was B. are C. were D. be答案：C思路分析：根据题干中的had可知时态用一般过去时；主语the children是复数，故谓语动词用were。句意为“孩子们在体育馆。他们玩得很开心”。2. 否定句：主语+was/were +not +其他.【例句】He was not (wasnt) in Shanghai last year. 去年他不在上海。状元典例Last weekend I _ at my uncles, but my aunts.A. was B. am C. wasnt D. am not答案：C思路分析：根据时间状语last weekend可知时态用一般过去时，排除B, D两项；根据句意“上周末我没在我叔叔家，而在我姑姑家”可知排除A项。3. 一般疑问句及其简略回答：Was/ Were+主语+其他？Yes, 主语+was/were.No,主语+wasnt/werent.【例句】Was he in Shanghai last year? 他去年在上海吗？Yes, he was. / No, he wasnt. 是的，他在。/ 不，他不在。状元典例_ he at home just now?No, he _.A. Is; isnt B. Was; was C. Is; is D. Was; wasnt答案：D思路分析：时间状语just now，意为“刚才”，是一般过去时的标志词；故A，C项不符合语法；根据答语中的no可知是否定句，故选D项。句意为“刚才他在家吗？不，他不在”。4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？【例句】Where was he last year? 去年他在哪儿？状元典例_ last year?I was 13.A. How old are you B. How old you are C. How old were you D. How old you were答案：C思路分析：根据答语“我13岁”可知问句询问“你去年多大”？特殊疑问句由“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成，故排除B，D两项；根据last year可知时态用一般过去时，排除A项。(二) 实义动词的一般过去时句型1. 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他【例句】My mother went shopping yesterday afternoon. 我妈妈昨天下午去购物了。状元典例Yesterday he _ eggs, bananas and apples for lunch. A. have B. has C. had D. didnt had答案：C思路分析：yesterday是一般过去时的标志词，故谓语动词用一般过去式形式；A，B两项都是用于一般现在时中，故排除；D项看似是一般过去式形式，但didnt后要用动词原形，故错误；只有C项符合语法。句意为“昨天午饭他吃了鸡蛋、香蕉和苹果”。2. 否定句：主语+ didnt (did not) +动词原形+其他【例句】My mother didnt go shopping yesterday afternoon. 我妈妈昨天下午没去购物。状元典例Brad _at home last night and _ study for the test.A. didnt; didnt B. wasnt; wasnt C. didnt; wasnt D. wasnt; didnt答案：D思路分析：浏览题干可知第二个空后是实义动词原形study，故其前用助动词didnt构成否定，排除B，C两项；第一个空后是介词短语at home，说明前面用wasnt 来进行否定，不能用didnt，故选项A被排除。句意为“布莱德昨晚没在家，没有为考试而学习”。3. 一般疑问句及其简略回答：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？Yes, 主语+did. No, 主语+didnt. 【例句】Did your mother go shopping yesterday afternoon? 你妈妈昨天下午去购物了吗？Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 是的，她去了。/不，她没去。状元典例_ he _ a good rest?No, he didnt. A. Have; had B. Did; have C. Did; had D. Had; had 答案：B思路分析：根据答语中的didnt 可知问句用did开头，其后接动词原形。故选B项。4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？【例句】What did your mother do yesterday afternoon? 你妈妈昨天下午干什么去了？状元典例_?They went to the summer camp.A. Where they did go on vacation B. What did they go on vacationC. What they did go on vacation D. Where did they go on vacation答案：D思路分析：浏览题干可知问句是特殊疑问句，由“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成，故排除A，C两项；据答语“他们去参加夏令营了”知问句询问“他们去哪儿度假了？”，排除B项，what和go不搭配。巧学一般过去时：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were，have和has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志； 一般动词加-ed，如是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was和were，否定就把not添。二、难点聚焦句式转换规则：1. 肯定句变为否定句时：A. 当句中含有情态动词could，would，should等时，可直接在其后加not构成否定句。【例句】 I could get you a concert ticket. I could not / couldnt get you a concert ticket. 我不能给你弄到音乐会入场券。B. 当句中含有系动词was，were 时，可直接在其后加not构成否定句。【例句】 I was on the Internet when you called me. I was not / wasnt on the Internet when you called me. 当你给我打电话时，我没在上网。C. 当句中谓语是除情态动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在该动词之前加did not / didnt，动词还原，构成否定句。 【例句】 The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. The famous singer did not / didnt sing any Chinese songs. 那位著名的歌唱家没有唱中国歌曲。2. 陈述句变为一般疑问句时A. 移动词语的位置。将was，were, could，would，should等移到句首。【例句】 He could pack his things himself. Could he pack his things himself ? 他自己能整理东西吗？B. 添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、系动词was, were以外的动词时，在主语之前加did，动词还原。【例句】 Mr. Li looked very old. Did Mr. Li look very old? 李老师看起来很老吗？3. 陈述句变为特殊疑问句时 A. 确定疑问词：人who / whom，物what，地点where，时间when / what time，原因why，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等。 【例句】They gave a speech last night. When did they give a speech? 他们什么时候做的演讲？B. 辨认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词 did/ was / were +主语+.? 【例句】The accident happened near the station. Where did the accident happen? 事故在哪儿发生？三、1. 在变换句型时，首先确定句中的谓语动词是否含有could/ should/ would/ was/ were，如果有，将其提到句首变为一般疑问句；其后加not构成否定句。2. 如果没有上述动词，就应借助于助动词did，将其放在句首，动词用原形构成一般疑问句；借助于助动词didnt，后接动词原形构成否定句。3. 特殊疑问句就是在分清上述情况后，前面加上特殊疑问词即可。1. (浙江杭州) The last time I _to the cinema was two years ago. A. go B. have gone C. have been D. went 答案：D思路分析：根据句意“上次我去电影院的时间是两年前”可知时态用一般过去时。在本句中，I went to the cinema作last time的定语。2. (浙江金华) Have you ever been to Canada? Yes, I _there last year with my parents. A. have been B. have gone C. went D. go 答案：C思路分析：根据答语中的过去时间状语last year可知时态用一般过去时。故选C项。句意为“你曾去过加拿大吗？是的。我是去年和我父母一块去的”。3. (重庆) I called you, but nobody answered. Where _ you?A. is B. are C. was D. were答案：D思路分析：根据题干的前半句可知本题用一般过去时；you是第二人称，故用were。句意为“我给你打电话，但是没人接。你在哪儿？”。4. (四川乐山) When _your mother _ you that blue dress?Sorry, I really cant remember. Maybe two or three weeks ago.A. will; buy B. does; buy C. did; buy答案：C思路分析：浏览题干，根据答语“可能是两到三周前”可知问句表示过去，故用一般过去时。选项C正确。5. (山东青岛) Hello. Im very glad to see you. When _ you _here?A. did; arrive B. will; arrive C. have; arrived D. are; arriving答案：A思路分析：根据前半句“见到你很高兴”可知后半句是问“你是什么时候到达这儿的？”，表示“到达”的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。选项A正确。6. (四川成都) I must be off right now.What a pity! I _you could stay a little longer with us.A. think B. am thinking C. thought答案：C思路分析：根据答语中的could可知主句用一般过去时。句意为“我必须立刻就离开。太遗憾了！我原以为你能和我们待久点”。7. (江西) Im now in New York with my friend Jenny. We _by plane on Monday.A. arrive B. arrived C. are arriving D. will arrive答案：B思路分析：浏览题干可知句意为“我现在和我朋友珍妮在纽约。我们是在周一乘飞机到达的”。既然现在在纽约，说明到达的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。 8. (浙江台州) Ive got a ticket for the basketball match tonight.Cool! How _ you _it?A. had; got B. did; get C. were; getting D. will; get答案：B思路分析：根据上句可知我已有了一张票，故我是在过去得到这张票的。所以下句应用一般过去时。（答题时间：40分钟）. 单项选择( ) *1. _ you _me? I thought I _you calling me. A. Did; call; heard B. Have; called; heard C. Have; called; have heard D. Were; call; heard ( ) 2. When _Lee _school this morning? A. had; got to B. did; get to C. did; get D. did; got to ( ) *3. Will you please say it again? I _ quite _ you. A. didnt; hear B. havent; heard C. didnt; heard D. hadnt; heard( ) 4. _ you _ at six oclock yesterday? A. Do; get up B. Did; get up C. Do; got up D. Did; got up( ) 5.What did you see _?A. now B. every day C. since 1990 D. just now( ) *6. Do you know why he _ for class last year?A. was always late B. always was late C. is late always D. is always late( ) *7. I got up_ this morning, so I _ breakfast and went to school.A. late; didnt have B. early; didnt have C. late; hadnt D. early; hadnt( ) *8. It _much colder today than it _yesterday. A. is; is B. was; was C. is; was D. was; is( ) 9. I stayed in the sitting room and _my friends all the time.A. talk to B. talked C. talk about D. talked to ( ) *10. He didnt come_ goodbye to us and_ away. A. say; go B. say; went C. to say; went D. to say; go. 用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空1. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend.2. _ she _ (practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _.3. What _Tom _ (do) on Saturday eveni