mis12-信息系统复习参考5

Management Information Systems, 12e (Laudon)Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies1) IT infrastructure technology is purely a set of physical devices and software applications that are required to operate the entire enterprise.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: 165AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.12) Client/server computing is a widely used form of centralized processing.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Page Ref: 168AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.13) In green computing, reducing computer power consumption is a top priority.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: 184AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.34) N-tier computing is a multi-tier, load-balancing scheme for Web-based applications in which significant parts of Web site content, logic, and processing are performed by smaller, less expensive servers located nearby the user.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3Page Ref: 169AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.15) Application server software is responsible for locating and managing stored Web pages.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Page Ref: 169AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.16) An application server may reside on the same computer as a Web server or on its own dedicated computer.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Page Ref: 169AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.17) Enterprise integration requires software that can link disparate applications and enable data to flow freely among different parts of the business.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Page Ref: 169-170AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.28) The mainframe market has grown steadily over the past decade.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Page Ref: 177AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.29) The operating system is used to manage the computers activities.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: 177AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.110) Like an ASP, a Web hosting service provides shared applications to subscribed users, but does this through a Web portal.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Page Ref: 180AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.111) SANs create large central pools of storage that can be rapidly accessed and shared by multiple servers.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Page Ref: 180AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.112) Autonomic computing is implemented primarily with enterprise or ISP servers.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Page Ref: 185AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.313) Java software is designed to run on any computer or computing device, regardless of the specific microprocessor or operating system it uses.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: 188AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.414) Web services can exchange information between two different systems regardless of the operating system or programming languages on which the systems are based.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Page Ref: 189AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.415) Whereas XML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of Web pages, HTML can perform presentation, communication, and data storage tasks.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: 189AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.416) Hypertext markup language specifies how text, graphics, video, and sound are placed on a Web page document.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: 189AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.417) The collection of Web services that are used to build a firms software systems constitutes what is known as a service-oriented architecture.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2Page Ref: 190AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.418) Today most business firms have discontinued operating their legacy systems, replacing these with inexpensive Web services and hosted software.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2Page Ref: 191AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.419) Scalability refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1Page Ref: 194AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.520) TCO refers to the original cost of purchased technology: both hardware and software.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1Page Ref: 195AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.521) Which of the following is NOT an IT infrastructure service component?A) operating system softwareB) computing platforms to provide a coherent digital environmentC) physical facility management to manage the facilities housing physical componentsD) IT management services to plan and develop the infrastructure and provide project managementAnswer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: 165-166AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.122) Which type of infrastructure services provides voice and video connectivity to employees, customers, and suppliers?A) networkingB) telephoneC) VOIPD) telecommunicationsAnswer: DDiff: 1Page Ref: 164AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.123) Place the following eras of IT infrastructure evolution in order, from earliest to most recent: (1) Cloud Computing Era (2) Client/Server, (3) Enterprise Era, (4) Personal Computer, and (5) Mainframe and Minicomputer.A) 4, 5, 3, 2, 1 B) 5, 4, 2, 3, 1 C) 4, 5, 2, 3, 1 D) 5, 4, 2, 1, 3 Answer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 166-170AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: SynthesisObjective: 5.224) The introduction of the minicomputerA) allowed computers to be customized to the specific needs of departments or business units.B) enabled decentralized computing.C) offered new, powerful machines at lower prices than mainframes.D) all of the above.Answer: DDiff: 2Page Ref: 168AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.225) A client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines, is called a(n)A) service-oriented architecture.B) on-demand architecture.C) multi-tiered client/server architecture.D) two-tiered client/server architecture.Answer: DDiff: 1Page Ref: 169AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.226) In a multi-tiered networkA) the work of the entire network is centralized.B) the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.C) processing is split between clients and servers.D) processing is handled by multiple, geographically remote clients.Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: 169AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.227) Interpretations of Moores law assert thatA) computing power doubles every 18 months.B) transistors decrease in size 50% every two years.C) data storage costs decrease by 50% every 18 months.D) none of the above.Answer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 169-171AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.228) Which of the following factors provides an understanding of why computing resources today are ever more available than in previous decades?A) network economicsB) law of mass digital storage and Moores lawC) declining communications costs, universal standards, and the InternetD) all of the aboveAnswer: DDiff: 2Page Ref: 170-174AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.529) Todays nanotechnology-produced computer transistors are roughly equivalent in size toA) the width of a fingernail.B) a human hair.C) a virus.D) an atom.Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: 171AACSB: Reflective ThinkingCASE: ContentObjective: 5.230) Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network are calledA) network standards.B) telecommunications standards.C) technology standards.D) Internet standards.Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: 174AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.131) _ unleash powerful economies of scale and result in declines in manufactured computer products.A) Internet and web technologiesB) Technology standardsC) Linux and open-source softwareD) Client/server technologiesAnswer: BDiff: 2Page Ref: 174AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.232) The multitasking, multi-user, operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that operates on a wide variety of computing platforms isA) Unix.B) Linux.C) OS X.D) COBOL.Answer: ADiff: 3Page Ref: 175AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.233) The network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers is A) TCP/IPB) COBOLC) EthernetD) ASCIIAnswer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: 175AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.234) Software that manages the resources of the computer is calledA) operating system software.B) application software.C) data management software.D) network software.Answer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: 177AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.135) A SAN is a _ network.A) server areaB) storage areaC) scalable architectureD) service-oriented architectureAnswer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: 180AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.136) The leading networking hardware providers includeA) Dell, HP/Compaq, and IBM.B) Cisco, Alcatel-Lucent, and Nortel.C) Seagate, Maxtor, and Western Digital.D) IBM, Oracle, and Sun.Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: 177AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.137) As referred to in the text, legacy systems areA) traditional mainframe-based business information systems.B) electronic spreadsheets used on a PC.C) any pre-1990 Wintel systems.D) systems found on older ASPs.Answer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: 181AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.138) Legacy systems are still used because theyA) can only be run on the older mainframe computers.B) are too expensive to redesign.C) integrate well using new Web services technologies.D) contain valuable data that would be lost during redesign.Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: 181AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.139) Which of the following is NOT an example of the emerging mobile computing platforms?A) netbooksB) the KindleC) cell phonesD) CRMAnswer: DDiff: 1Page Ref: 181AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.340) Connecting geographically remote computers in a single network to create a virtual supercomputer is calledA) co-location.B) edge computing.C) grid computing.D) utility computing.Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: 182AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.341) The business case for using grid computing involves all of the following EXCEPTA) cost savings.B) increased accuracy.C) speed of computation.D) agility.Answer: BDiff: 2Page Ref: 182AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: AnalysisObjective: 5.342) Which of the following does grid computing utilize to create enormous supercomputing power?A) massive unused data centers B) underutilized mainframe computers C) networked computers with idle resources D) networks with low usage Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: 182AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.343) The process of presenting a set of computing resources (such as computing power or data storage) so that they can all be accessed in ways that are not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location is called A) cloud computing.B) autonomic computing.C) virtualization.D) multicore processing.Answer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 183AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.344) Which type of computing refers to firms purchasing computing power from remote providers and paying only for the computing power they use?A) on-demandB) gridC) edgeD) autonomicAnswer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 184AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.345) An example of autonomic computing isA) spyware protection software that runs and updates itself automatically.B) software programmed to run on any hardware platform.C) cell phones taking on the functions of handheld computers.D) programming languages that allow non-programmers to create custom applications.Answer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 185AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: AnalysisObjective: 5.346) An industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure, optimize, tune, and heal themselves when broken, and protect themselves from outside intruders and self-destruction is calledA) grid computing.B) utility computing.C) virtualization.D) autonomic computing.Answer: DDiff: 2Page Ref: 185AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.347) Which type of software is created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers and available for free?A) software packagesB) mashupsC) outsourcedD) open sourceAnswer: DDiff: 1Page Ref: 187AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.448) Linux isA) primarily concerned with the tasks of end users.B) designed for specific machines and specific microprocessors.C) an example of open-source software.D) especially useful for processing numeric data.Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: 188AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.449) Which of the following statements about Linux is NOT true?A) It plays a major role in the back office running local area networks. B) It is available in free versions downloadable from the Internet.C) It has garnered 80 percent of the server operating system market. D) Linux applications are embedded in cell phones, smartphones, netbooks, and other handheld devices. Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: 188AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.450) Running a Java program on a computer requiresA) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the computer.B) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the server hosting the Java applet.C) a miniature program to be downloaded to the users computer.D) no specialized software, as Java is platform-independent.Answer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 188AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.451) A software tool with a graphical user interface for displaying Web pages and for accessing the Web and other Internet resources is called a WebA) service.B) client.C) browser.D) app.Answer: CDiff: 1Page Ref: 188AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.452) Which of the following is a technique used to allow users to interact with a Web page without having to wait for the Web server to reload the Web page? A) UDDIB) widgetsC) AjaxD) JavaAnswer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: 189AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.453) Sets of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using standard Web communication standards and languages are referred to asA) Web services.B) EAI software.C) SOA.D) SOAP.Answer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 189AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.454) What is the foundation technology for Web services?A) XMLB) HTMLC) SOAPD) UDDIAnswer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 189AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.455) A set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application is calledA) Web services.B) EAI software.C) SOA.D) SOAP.Answer: CDiff: 2Page Ref: 190AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.456) Which of the following is NOT one of the current software platform trends?A) grid computingB) open source softwareC) mashups and appsD) software outsourcingAnswer: ADiff: 2Page Ref: 187-194AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: AnalysisObjective: 5.457) All of the following are contemporary and growing hardware platform trends exceptA) green computing.B) virtualization.C) cloud computing.D) Unix.Answer: DDiff: 1Page Ref: 181-185AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.358) _ are created by combining and customizing components from different online software applications.A) AppsB) MashupsC) SaaSD) Web servicesAnswer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: 193AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.459) Prewritten, commercially available sets of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own software programs for certain functions, are referred to asA) software packages.B) mashups.C) outsourced software.D) open source software.Answer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: 191AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.460) Your firm needs to implement electronic timesheet software and needs to keep within a small budget. Which of the following would be the most costly method of implementing this new software?A) purchasing a software packageB) programming the new software in-houseC) leasing the software over the InternetD) outsourcing the software programming to an overseas vendorAnswer: BDiff: 2Page Ref: 191-193AACSB: Analytic SkillsCASE: AnalysisObjective: 5.461) The practice of contracting custom software development to an outside firm is commonly referred to asA) outsourcing.B) scaling.C) service-oriented architecture.D) application integration.Answer: ADiff: 1Page Ref: 192AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.462) A formal contract between customers and their service providers that outlines the specific responsibilities of the service provider and to the customer is called a(n) A) SOA.B) SLA.C) TCO.D) RFQ.Answer: BDiff: 1Page Ref: 193AACSB: Use of ITCASE: ContentObjective: 5.463) SaaS refers toA) supplying online access over networks to storage devices and storage area network technology. B) managing combinations of applications, networks, systems, storage, a