中国文化教程Unit

Unit23LifewithFragrantTea Lead in Textstudy Exercises Content Lead in 武夷山茶园TeaplantationatWuyiMountain DoyouknowthestoryofDahongpaotea Lead in Lead in AdditionalInfo 传说古时候有一穷秀才上京赶考路过武夷山时病倒在路上 幸被天心庙老方丈看见 泡了一碗茶给他喝 果然病就好了 后来秀才金榜题名中了状元 还被招为东床驸马 一个春日 状元来到武夷山谢恩 在老方丈的陪同下 前呼后拥来到了九龙窠 只见峭壁上长着三株高大的茶树 枝叶繁茂 吐着一簇簇嫩芽 在阳光下闪着紫红色的光泽 煞是可爱 老方丈说 去年你犯鼓胀病就是用这种茶叶泡茶治好的 很早以前 每逢春日茶树发芽时 就鸣鼓召集群猴穿上红衣裤爬上绝壁采下茶叶 炒制后收藏 可以治百病 Lead in AdditionalInfo 状元听了要求采制一盒进贡皇上 第二天 庙内烧香点烛 击鼓鸣钟 召来大小和尚向九龙窠进发 众人来到茶树下焚香礼拜 然后采下芽叶精工制作 装入锡盒 状元带了茶进京后正遇皇后肚疼鼓胀卧床不起 状元立即献茶让皇后服下 果然茶到病除 皇上大喜 将一件大红袍交给状元 让他代表自己去武夷山封赏 状元封赏路上礼炮轰响 火烛通明 到了九龙窠 状元命一樵夫爬上半山腰 将皇上赐的大红袍披在茶树上以示皇恩 说也怪 等掀开大红袍时 三株茶树的芽叶在阳光下闪出红光 众人说这是大红袍染红的 后来人们就把这三株茶树叫做 大红袍 有人还在石壁上刻了 大红袍 三个大字 从此大红袍就成了年年岁岁的贡茶 Introduction MagicalFunctionofTea WaysofSavoring 品味 Tea TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms Textstudy Introduction originallyproducedinChinaabout4 000yearsago DuringtheTangDynasty JapanesemonksintroducedteaseedstoJapan andbycombiningteawithZenBuddhism 禅宗 createdtheworld famousJapaneseteaceremony Inthe17thcentury theDutchtooktoEuropetheChinesehabitofteadrinking whichthenbecameatraditionoftheEuropeans Introduction InChina thehomeoftea drinkingteaisstillawidespreadhabit Overthepastseveralthousandyears teahasbeenthemostfavoreddrinkfortheChinesepeople However thetea drinkinghabitvariesfromnorthtosouthinstyle anddifferenttea drinkinghabitshavehelpeddevelopdifferentlocalcustoms Teaiscloselyrelatedtotheeverydaylifeofordinarypeople Introduction JustasmanyimportanteventstookplaceincafesintheWest itisintheteahousesthatmanyimportantthingshappenedinChina TeahouseshavealwaysbeenanimportantsettinginthelifeoftheChinesepeople Introduction WhenteawasfirstintroducedtoEurope itwaswarmlyacceptedandevenacclaimedasa blessingfromGod andpeoplewentsofarastocongratulatethemselvesonbeingaliveatsuchatimewhentealeaveswerefound InChina loveforteaisjustas ifnotmore ardent 强烈的 MagicalFunctionsofTea Whatdoyouknowaboutthefunctionsoftea LiuZhenliang ateamasterofthelateTangDynasty onceputforwardthetheoryofthe tenvirtues oftea teaistasty teacanmaintainhealth teacandriveawaystinkingodors teacanpreventtheattackofdiseases teacancultivateenergyinthehumanbody teacanrelievedepression teacanimprovemanners teacanconveyrespect teacansoothethemind andteacanupholdjustice MagicalFunctionsofTea MagicalFunctionsofTea Drinkingteaistosatisfytheneedsofthebodyaswellasthemind Acupofrefreshingteaisabletonaturallyrelieveapersonofthirstwhilegivingcomfortandpleasure AccordingtotraditionalChinesemedicine drinkingteacancureavarietyofdiseases becausetheslightlybitterandastringent 昧涩的 teacontainselementssalutary 有益健康的 forthebody 清黄易印茶熟香温且自看Sealcarving byHuangYi 1744 1802 QingDynasty inscribedwithalineofverseexpressingtherelaxedminedwhiledrinkingtea MagicalFunctionsofTea Toteadrinkers thefirstandforemostpleasurederivedfromdrinkingteais cleansing Teapreferstogrowincleanplaces Thecleaneraplace thebetterthequalityoftheteaitnurtures Fineteasusuallygrowonhighmountains envelopedincloudsandmistsandinaclearatmosphere 武夷山WuyiMountain MagicalFunctionsofTea Thesecondimportantfacetisthatof seekingleisure Thebustlingworld fullofconfusionandargument wearinessandexhaustion damagesthemindandbodyofhumanbeings Acupofrefreshingteacanparry 挡开 避开 thesoundandfuryofthesecularworldatarm slength 元赵原陆羽烹茶图LuYuMakingTea byZhaoYuan birthanddeathdatesunknown YuanDynasty LuYu 733 804 oftheTangDynastywastheacclaimedTeaSaintofChina MagicalFunctionsofTea Thethirdimportantfeatureisthatof payingrespect TheChinesepeoplehavelongfosteredthecustomofexpressingrespectbypresentingacupoftea WaysofSavoringTea TheChinesepeoplelooktoteadrinkingasanart whichincorporatesawiderangeofknowledge thetasteofteamightbelight yetthemeaningisrichanddeep Howcouldwemakeagoodcupoftea Whatshouldbetakenintoconsideration WaysofSavoringTea TheChineseattachgreatimportancetothewater tealeaves teaset andfire whenmakinganddrinkingtea WaysofSavoringTea Waterisanelementofpriorityinthemakingoftea Tomakeagoodcupoftea qualitywaterisamust Tomakefinetea waterfromhighmountainsisthebest followedbywaterfromriversandwells byLuYu 733 804 TeaSaintoftheTangDynasty WhydoesLuYusaythewordsaboveonteamaking WaysofSavoringTea Inthecloud envelopedhighmountains crystalclearspringwateristhebestformakingtea waterinthebrooksthoughalsogood isnotpurebecauseitsmellsoftheearth thereforeisonlysecondbest Consideredthirdiswaterfromwells asartificialspringsfromundergroundareoftenstagnant 不流动的 andtintedwiththeflavorofsalt WaysofSavoringTea TheChinesepeoplealsoliketocollectsnowtomaketea Theleisurelysceneof makingteawithfreshlycollectedsnow whilereadinginthelightofalamponacoldwinterday isadmiredbymanyliterati Snowiswhitebuteasilycontaminated thereforepeopleliketocollectfreshsnowtomaketea WaysofSavoringTea 号称天下第一泉的济南趵突泉BaotuSpring acclaimed No 1SpringunderHeaven WaysofSavoringTea Afterwater thesecondmostimportantfactorformakinggoodteaistealeaves Chinahasalonghistoryofcultivatingmiscellaneoustealeaves Fromtheperspectiveofprocessing tealeavesfallintothecategoriesofgreentea blacktea oolongtea darktea andscented 有香味的 tea WaysofSavoringTea Greentea themaintypeoftea whoseoutputencompassesabout70percentoftotalproductioneachyear LongjingofHangzhou BiluochunofJiangsu andHuangshanMaofengandLiu anGuapianofAnhui Blacktea fermentedtea QimenBlackTeaofAnhuiandDianBlackTeaofYunnan OolongteaismainlyproducedinTaiwanandintheWuyiMountainsinFujian DarkteaisrepresentedbyPu erTeaofYunnan Itisprocessedbyaddingwatertodriedgreentealeaves whicharethenfermented Thereareavarietyofscentedteas includingchrysanthemumandjasmine 茉莉花 tea thefavoriteofnorthernChinese WaysofSavoringTea Fineteaneedstobeservedinafineteaset TheChinesepeoplepayparticularattentiontoteasets whichmaybemadeofporcelain ceramic glassorwood WaysofSavoringTea Thefourthandfinalelementinmakinggoodteaisthefire whichshouldbe WaysofSavoringTea Flowingwaterneedsalivefire bythefamousSong dynastypoetSuDongpo live referringtoacharcoal 木炭 fire slow exudingasenseofthewildwhilenothavingthatreek 恶臭 ofsmoke IntheChineseteaceremony therearefourtenets 原则 thatateadrinkershouldobserve i e color aroma taste andform WaysofSavoringTea First observethecolor Differentteashavedifferentcolors suchasblacktea greentea oolongtea whitetea leaveswithfineandsoftwhitehair anddarktea Whenmakingtea peoplehavedifferentcolorrequirementsforthesedifferentteas WaysofSavoringTea Greenteashouldbefresh andthebestgreenteaisproducedinspring TeapickedeitherbeforeQingmingFestivalortheGrainRain daymarkingthebeginningofthesixthsolartermthatfallsonApril9 20 or21 isfavoredbypeople duetotheleaves tenderness freshnessandgreennesswithatouchofyellow Thistypeofteapresentsanunforgettabletransparentimageinaglassofhotwater WaysofSavoringTea WaysofSavoringTea Oolongteahasadeepbrowncolorgivingasenseofweightandseclusion Itshouldbemadeinateapot andlookthickandgoldenwhenpouredinateacup WaysofSavoringTea WaysofSavoringTea Longjingtea Biluochuntea QimenBlackTea Dahongpaotea Pu ertea Jasminetea Second observethearoma Fineteashouldhaveaspecialfragranceofitsown TheChinesepeoplehavethreewaysofenjoyingthearomaoftea smellingitwithone snoseoncethetealeavesareputintoateacup tastingitwiththetongueoncetheteaisinthemouthandthefragranceoverflows andappreciatingitwiththeheartastheunforgettablearomalingersinthemouth justlikeenjoyingafreshbreeze WaysofSavoringTea Third observethetaste Mentionthetasteoftea andatealoverwouldtellyouthatthebitternessofteaisthemostimportantofallteaflavors Teaitselfhasasubtlebitterness which ifonesipsitslowly wouldturnintosweetness thatis whenbitternessends sweetnessbegins WaysofSavoringTea Fourth observetheform Theshapeoftealeavesshouldalsobeobservedwhendrinkingtea especiallygreentea WaysofSavoringTea Forexample thetenderleavesofLongjingTea pickedinthemists wouldeachstandupinhotwaterbeforetheyslowlyunfoldandstretchandfalldown Againstthebackgroundofawhiteteacup theylookasiftheyareperformingagracefuldance Liu anGuapian anotherfamousgreentea isanothergoodexample Theedgeofeachleafofthiskindofteacurvesupward itscolorbrightgreen Inhotwater theleavesresemblelotusflowers hencetheteahaslongbeenafavoriteofChinesepeople WaysofSavoringTea Fineteaisacombinationofcolor aroma taste andform andrequirespatiencetobewellappreciated Therefore Chinesepeoplespeakof savoringtea insteadof drinkingtea anyhurryherewouldbetaboo WaysofSavoringTea Drinkingtea along establishedcustompopularwiththeChinesepeople iscloselyrelated 老舍茶馆的赏茶会Asceneofa TeaAppreciationCeremony intheLaoSheTeahouseinBeijing TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms Inthosegoodtimesofold ToateahousemyfatherIfollowed BeforetheteahouseIplayedwithshellsAndatthelaneentrance withsand WangZengqi TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms 记得旧时好 跟随爹爹去吃茶 门前磨螺壳 巷口弄泥沙 汪曾祺 WangZengqibelievedthiswas atrulyfinepoem Theauthordescribestheritualoffollowinghisfathertoateahouseduringhischildhood Heplayedwithshellsandsandattheentrancetothelaneinfrontoftheteahouse Whatahappytimeitwas Thewholepoemexpressesasoft touchingmelancholypermeated 弥漫 withstrongpoeticflavor TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms ManyChinesefolkcustomsarerelatedtotea suchastheweddingceremony Teatreesgrowoutofseeds andcannotbemoved sonewlywedscustomarilyplantteaseedstosymbolizetheirdevotiontolove Theengagementceremonyiscalleda teaceremony inChina whichisstillpopularinsomeplaces TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms Manylovesongsarerelatedtoteadrinking too AccordingtotherecordsofLuYou 1125 1210 aSong dynastypoet insomeplaces singleyoungmenandwomenoftenmettosing TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms Younggirl asprettyastealeaves Wouldyoupleasecomeoutforacupoftea 小娘子 叶底花 无事出来吃盏茶 MyhomeissituatedbythePantuoRiver Comehaveteasometime mysweetheart Withearthenwallsandathatched 茅顶的 rootInfront asilktreeinfullbloom TeaDrinkingandFolkCustoms 盘陀江上是侬家 郎若闲时来吃茶 黄土筑墙茅盖屋 门前一树马樱花 Note Thesilktreeanddrinkingteabothsymbolizeloveandmarriage Withthesetwoimages thisromanticlovesongsoundsevenmorevividandpoetic Exercises Comprehension Communication Application Comprehension l SkimmingandScanningGothroughthepassagequicklyandanswerthefollowingquestionsbriefly 1 WhatdidtheChinesepeoplecontributetotheworldaccordingtoParagraph1 2 Whoproposedthetheoryofthe tenvirtues oftea TeawasanimportantcontributionoftheChinesepeopletotheworld LiuZhenliangproposedthetheoryof tenvirtues oftea 4 Whatarethefourimportantfactorswhenmakinganddrinkingtea 5 Whatkindsofwateraregoodforteamaking Thefourfactorsofmakinganddrinkingteaaretealeaves water teasetsandfire Comprehension 3 Whatarethethreemainfunctionsofdrinkingtea Thethreemostimportantfunctionsinclude itcanhelpcleanseandbalancethebody calmdownpeople smindsandbeusedtoexpressrespectforpeople Theyarewaterfromhighmountains waterinthebrooks andwaterfromwells Comprehension 7 IntheChineseteaceremony whattenetsshouldateadrinkerobserve 8 Howcanthearomaofteabeenjoyedintheteaceremony AccordingtoParagraph15 teaisclassifiedintodifferentcategoriesdependingontheirwaysofprocessing Ateadrinkershouldobservefourtenets color aroma tasteandform Somecraftspeopleevendonotsettheireyesonwhattheyaredoingwhiledoingpaper cuttingbecausetheyaresoskilledatthisfolkartthattheycandoitlikedoingmagictricks 6 HowisteaclassifiedintodifferentcategoriesaccordingtoParagraph15 Comprehension Becauseteatreesgrowoutofseeds andcannotbemoved sonewlywedscustomarilyplantteaseedstosymbolizetheirdevotiontolove 10 WhydoChinesepeoplecalltheengagementceremonya teaceremony insomeplaces 9 Whatisthemostimportanttasteoftea Bitternesswhichcanturnsweetisthemostimportanttasteoftea II CarefulReading 1 Readthepassagecarefullyandfillinthefollowingblankswiththemissinginformation Itwasnotuntil yearsagothatteawasgrowninothercountriesthanChina Teaissoimportanttotheordinarylifeofpeoplethatithasinfluenced Drinkingteacancuresomediseasesbecause Comprehension alittlemorethan200 differentlocalcustoms theslightlybitterandastringentteacontainselementssalutaryforthebody 4 Becausethemostimportantfunctionofteaiscleansing thequalityofteamostlydependson 5 Insocialinteraction aswellasrespectcanbeexpressedbytea 6 Manyliteratidreamedofmakingteawith 7 AccordingtoLuYu thetopspringsforteaare Comprehension whetheritisgrowninacleanplace welcome hospitality goodwishes freshlycollectedsnow theHuishanSpringinWuxi JiangsuProvince BaotuSpringinJi nan ShandongProvince andtheHupaoSpringinHangzhou ZhejiangProvince 8 BoccaroteasetproducedinYixingismentionedasanexampleof 9 Thefireformakinggoodteashouldbe and 10 Greenteashouldbe and whileOolongteahasadeepbrowncolorgivingasenseofweightandseclusion 11 Ifthetealeavesstandupinhotwaterbeforetheyslowlyunfoldandstretchandfalldown thenwecanjudgeitis tea Comprehension ceramicteasets live slow tenderfresh greenwithatouchofyellow Longjing 12 InthesongmentionedinParagraph30 thewooersexpresstheirloveforthegirlsby Comprehension invitingthemtotea 2 PutthefollowingintoEnglishbyreferringtothepassage 绿茶 龙井 碧螺春 黄山毛峰 六安瓜片 2 红茶 祁门红茶 滇红茶 Comprehension greentea LongjingofHangzhou BiluochunofJiangsu HuangshanMaofengandLiu anGuapianofAnhui blacktea QimenBlackTeaofAnhui DianBlackTeaofYunnan 3 乌龙茶4 黑茶 普洱茶 5 花茶 菊花茶 茉莉花茶 Comprehension oolongtea darktea Pu erTeaofYunnan scentedtea chrysanthemumtea jasminetea Communication InChina thehomeoftea drinkingteaisawidespreadhabit Meanwhile asmentionedinthepassage Britishpeoplehavedevelopedthecustomofafternoontea WhatdoyouknowabouttheafternoonteacustominBritain Application ChineseteahousesaresimilartoAmericancoffeehousesinmanyways ReadthefollowingintroductionofAmericancoffeehousesandcomparethemwithChineseteahouses CoffeeshopsintheUnitedStatesarosefromtheItaliancoffeehousesoftheItalianAmericanimmigrantcommunitieswhichmainlysoldespresso 蒸馏咖啡 andpastry IntheUnitedStates theFrenchwordforcoffeehouse cafe meansaninformalrestaurant offeringarangeofhotmeals Astheyouthcultureofthe1960sevolved non ltaliansconsciouslycopi