王守仁版英语泛读教程第一册第一单元unit 1讲义.doc

阅读1教案UNIT ONE（2009-2010）枣庄学院 泛读 课程教案授课题目（教学章节或主题）：Unit one: on being a student授课学时授课时间第5周 第 节授课类型Theory教学方法Teaching; discussion; instruction教学手段Writing on the blackboard; internet内容纲要：This text discusses how to be a good student and the qualities of being a good student, such as the 4As: attitude, academic skills, awareness, accomplishment, and some other factors like self-discipline, initiative, breadth of interests, an open mind, a critical habit of mind.教学目的与要求：training and promoting the students reading skills, widening the students knowledge, and enlarging the students vocabulary, in short, make students learn and reading the materials fluently and smoothly.重点与难点：New words; reading skills and methods; learning the new words and phrases from the context and familiar with the structure of long sentences; and the reading materials theme argument, subject.教学过程（主要教学环节设计.时间分配.板书设计等）：Teaching procedure and time:1. preview: 20minutes; 2. teaching: 30minutes 3: exercising: 20minutes; 4: discussion 30minutes思考题.讨论题.作业等：Self-teaching: getting the best value for time Group discussion: 1. What is the goal of university education? 2. How do you define “student”? What are the good qualities of a good student?参考资料（含参考书.文献等）：1.Reading course(1) Reference book：wang-shouren，Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press，2005,8. 2. college English reading course(1) and reference book: Dong-xin, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,2002,9.说明：1.授课类型：指理论课，实验课，实践课，技能课，习题课等；2.教学方法：指讲授.讨论.示教.指导等；3.教学手段：指板书.多媒体.网络.模型.挂图音像等教学工具；4.首次开课的青年教师的教案应由导师审核；5.讲稿内容附后。Introduction to Reading Course1. Teachers role in your learningWhat role do you think teachers should play in your learning? Do you expect teachers to tell you everything you need? impossible. We know it is absurd, but there are always some students who expect their teachers are omniscients. So the first thing you should know is that you should learn how to learn on your own. Teachers should be assistants in your learning. 2. What to learn in this course?What are the teaching goals of this course? What should you expect and get from this course? Why should we learn this course as we have had Integrated Course? -to get some information, to learn how to get information, to learn how to think, how to persuade others to accept your opinion, - to learn how to learn on your own.Most information we know about the world come from extensive reading from books and society. Language triggers thought. 3. How to learn this course and how to use this book? First concern: Reading comprehension then exercisesPlease look at the table of contents. -taking unit one as an example.This book touches many fields, such as:1: psychological encouragement and educationUnit 1: university student lifeUnit 7: shynessUnit 13: psychology2: culture and literature Unit 2: culture shock Unit 4: food Unit 8: native people Unit 9: bible stories Unit 10: festivals and holidays Unit 18: fiction3: society and callings Unit 5: business Unit 6: sportsUnit 11: advertising Unit 12: agriculture4: science and technologyUnit 13: psychology Unit 3: movieUnit14: mysteries Unit 15: computer Unit 16: physical fitness Unit 17: pseudoscience Teaching Plan: UNIT ONE University Student LifePart one: IntroductionText one discusses the definition of “student”, and how to be an excellent student .and points out the qualities that a good student should have, such as the 4As; attitude, academic skills, awareness, accomplishment, and some other factors, like self-discipline, initiative, breadth of interests, an open mind, a critical habit of mind, objectivity, humility.The literary style of text one is argumentation.记叙文 narration, narrative composition议论文 argumentation, argumentative essay说明文 exposition Part two: Language points in Text One1. On being a student 关于如何定义“学生”的问题2. A student means more than merely being a pupil. “学生”不仅仅意味着一种身份。3. Suggest 1）to put forward an idea or a plan for other people to think about 建议；提议 sth (to sb) May I suggest a white wine with this dish, Sir? VN I suggest (that) we go out to eat. V (that) I suggested going in my car. V -ing 2）to tell sb about a suitable person, thing, method, etc. for a particular job or purpose 推荐；举荐 sb/sth (for sth) sb/sth (as sth) She suggested Paris as a good place for the conference. Can you suggest how I might contact him? V wh- 3）to put an idea into sbs mind; to make sb think that sth is true 使想到；使认为；表明 sth (to sb) All the evidence suggests (that) he stole the money. 所有证据都表明是他偷了钱。 V (that) The symptoms suggest a minor heart attack. 症状显示这是轻微心脏病发作。 VN What do these results suggest to you? 照你看，这些结果说明什么呢？ to state sth indirectly, indicate 暗示；言下之意是说 His pale face suggests bad health.。4. What makes the student stand out (much better or much more important) from the rest of the class? outstanding5. Accomplishment: the action of accomplishing something 同义词：achievement;an ability that has been acquired by training 同义词：skill, acquirement, acquisition, attainmentThe Apollo program was not so much a scientific achievement as a technical accomplishment. 阿波罗计划与其说是一项科学成果, 不如说是一项技术成就。accomplishment test成绩测验 accomplishment evaluation学业成绩评定6. The four As certainly are a large part of it, and a student who has them will be very likely to earn As. straight-As 7. Intellectual 名词 intellectual:a person who uses the mind creatively 同义词：intellect形容词of or relating to the intellect; of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind 同义词：rational, noeticappealing to or using the intellect; involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct 同义词：cerebralHes a kind of intellectual superman. 他是智力超常的人.He likes to set himself up as an intellectual. 他喜欢自命为知识分子.We admired his intellectual providence to acquire vast stores of dry information. 我们钦佩他收集大量原始资料的远见卓识。The argument was too intellectual for me; I couldnt follow a word of it. 这场争论对我来说太深奥了, 我一点都搞不明白。Intelligent: having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree possessing sound knowledge 同义词：well-informedexercising or showing good judgment 同义词：healthy, levelheaded, level-headed, soundendowed with the capacity to reason 同义词：reasoning, thinkingMan can be incredibly intelligent at the point of danger.8. When a professors style isnt to your liking :If something is to your liking, it suits your interests, tastes, or wishes.9. Academic skills 10. logic逻辑(学), 逻辑性, 合理的推理: the branch of philosophy that analyzes inference ; reasoned and reasonable judgment the principles that guide reasoning within a given field or situation a system of reasoning 同义词：logical system, system of logicthe system of operations performed by a computer that underlies the machines representation of logical operations His thinking goes against all logic. 他的思维完全不合逻辑.Logical: capable of or reflecting the capability for correct and valid reasoning based on known statements or events or conditions 同义词：legitimatemarked by an orderly, logical, and aesthetically consistent relation of parts 同义：coherent, consistent, ordered, orderlycapable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner 同义词：coherent, lucid11. When taking a course in political science, you should relate what you are learning to what is happening around the world. 前一个分句是一个时间状语从句，逻辑主语和主句的主语一致，故省略。relateto12. Accomplishment is demonstrated by the successful application of what you understand.Demonstrate: vt. 示范, 演示, 证明vi. 示威show or demonstrate something to an interested audience 同义：show, demo, exhibit, presentestablish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment 同义：prove, establish, showprovide evidence for; stand as proof of; show by ones behavior, attitude, or external attributes 同义：attest, certify, manifest, evidenceShe demonstrated that 2 and 2 are four. Please demonstrate how the machine works.13. application: a verbal or written request for assistance or employment or admission to a school; the work of applying something eg. I didnt receive an acknowledgement of my application.14. The goal of education is to achieve the ability to apply ones knowledge in new, creative, and correct ways. 表/补语15. Abilities are not entirely what you are born with; some are achievable through dedicated efforts.16. Efficient: being effective without wasting time or effort or expense;able to accomplish a purpose; functioning effectively 同义词：effective adj. 效率高的, 胜任的 The heating system has recently been modified to make it more efficient. 最近供暖设备已稍加改动以提高效率。 The new secretary is a quick, efficient worker, and the boss is quite satisfied with her. Sufficient: of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant足够的, 充分的Until wed built up sufficient forces to drive the invaders back, we pursued a policy of containment. 我们对入侵之敌采取牵制的方针, 以备组织好兵力将之击退。Given sufficient goodwill on both sides, theres no reason why this dispute shouldnt be resolved. 只要双方都有充分的善意, 这种纠纷是没有理由解决不了的。 Deficient: inadequate in amount or degree 同义词：lacking, wantingof a quantity not able to fulfill a need or requirement 同义词：insufficientfalling short of some prescribed norm 同义词：inferior, substandardeg. We are deficient in hands. 我们人手不够。17. initiative: readiness to embark on bold new ventures 同义词：enterprise, enterprisingness, go-aheadthe first of a series of actions 同义词：first step, opening move, opening形容词 serving to set in motion 同义词：inaugural, initiatory, first, maidenadj. 创始的, 初步的, 自发的n. 第一步, 首创精神; 主动权I put it all down to her hard work and initiative.归因于 The child displayed great initiative in going to fetch the police. Its only the initiative of the investigation.18. fad: an interest followed with exaggerated zeal 同义：craze, rage His interest in photography is only a passing fad.19. Comprehensive: including everything that is needed or relevant. 综合的, 广泛的, 理解的eg. He was educated at the local comprehensive school. 他曾在地区的综合中学受教育。The reporter has made a comprehensive report.20. rationally: consistent with or based on or using reason adj. 合理的, 理性的, 能推理的of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind 同义词：intellectual, noeticcapable of being expressed as a quotient of integers having its source in or being guided by the intellect (distinguished from experience or emotion) No rational person would go to work in his pyjamas. 任何神智正常的人都不会穿着睡衣去上班。21. evaluate: place a value on; judge the worth of something 同义词：measure, valuate, assess, appraise, valueform a critical opinion of 同义词：pass judgment, judgeThe school has only been open for six months, so its too early to evaluate its success.开办还不过六个月, 所以 要对它的成绩作出评价为时尚早。 Lets evaluate the evidence. 让我们评定一下此证据的价值。22. claim: an assertion of a right (as to money or property) ; an assertion that something is true or factual; demand for something as rightful or due; the right to do something 动词：assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing; assert ones right or title to 同义词：lay claim, arrogate; demand as being ones due or property; ask for legally or make a legal claim to, as of debts, for example n. 要求, 要求权; 主张, 断言, 声称; 要求物vt. 要求, 请求; 主张, 声称, 断言eg. The matter claimed our serious attention. 这件事需要我们认真注意。Did you claim on the insurance after your car accident? 出了车祸后, 你向保险公司要求赔偿了吗？He set up a claim to the throne. 他自称王位是属于他的。Deception: 骗局, 诡计, 欺诈a misleading falsehood 同义：misrepresentation, deceit；the act of deceiving 同义：deceitan illusory feat; considered magical by naive observers 同义词：magic trick, conjuring trick, trick, magiceg. His pretended friendship was part of the deception. 他所谓的友谊是一种骗局.It was an innocent deception, meant as a joke. 那是个无伤大雅的骗术, 开个玩笑而已。Deceive: be false to; be dishonest with; cause someone to believe an untruth eg. Its not honorable to deceive them. He deceived me into signing the papers. You are deceiving yourself if you still believe that she loves you.23. validity: the quality of being logically valid 同义词：rigor, rigour 有效性, 正确性, 正当the quality of having legal force or effectiveness 同义词：validness eg. Mental acceptance of and conviction in the truth, actuality, or validity of something valid, invalid valid: well grounded in logic or truth or having legal force; still legally acceptable 24. See through: perceive the true nature of; support financially through a period of time; remain with until completion eg. Move out of the way, please: I cant see through you! 请借光, 你挡著我就看不见了。Poke two holes in the sack so you can see through it. 在袋子上戳两个洞就能透过它看了。25. humility: a disposition to be humble; a lack of false pride 同义：humbleness; a humble feeling 谦逊, 谦虚, 谦卑eg. Humility in the wake of all those great American architects of our history who have stood here before me.我谦卑是因为在我之前, 许多美国历史上伟大的建设者们都曾经在这里发过言。1944年12月，麦克阿瑟Douglas Macarthur被授予五星级上将军衔。1951年，他与家人回到美国。在这次对国会的演讲中，他以一句古老歌词“一个老兵永不死亡，他只是淡出舞台”来宣告自己军旅生涯的结束。Address before Congress在 国 会 的 演 讲26. carrel: a small table with “walls” around three sides27. cummulative: increasing by successive addition累积的, 附加的 同义accumulative It is a cumulative process.逐渐积累Accumulate: get or gather together 同义：roll up, collect, pile up, amass, compile; collect or gather 同义：cumulate, pile up, gather, amass eg. By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not clean regularly. 房屋不经常打扫, 尘土很快就越积越多。28. prominent: noticeable; having a quality that thrusts itself into attention 同义词：outstanding, spectacular, strikingconspicuous(显著的, 显而易见的, 显眼的) in position or importance 同义词：big, large 杰出的, 显著的, 突出的 eg. The house is in a prominent position on the village green. Einstein was a prominent scientist.Part three: Language points in Section B29. atomophere: a particular environment or surrounding influence；the mass of air surrounding the Earth 同义词：aireg. There is an atmosphere of peace and calm in the country, quite different from the atmosphere of a big city.The peoples are in a festal atmosphere. 各族人民都沉浸在节日的气氛之中。The plants drink in moisture from the atmosphere.30. booth 电话亭，亭，小间，货摊 Ill give him a call from the phone booth on the corner.31. lighting：having abundant light or illumination eg .The stage lighting give the effect of a moonlit scene the act of setting something on fire32. prefer A to B; prefer swimming to hiking33. they spend many hours sitting.34. in other words: otherwise stated 同义：put differently His wife is my daughter, in other words, I am his mother-in-law. In other words, none of us can go to the movie.35. oral: N: an examination conducted by word of mouth Adj: using speech rather than writing; of or relating to or affecting or for use in the mouthThe Cambridge Business Exams are part written, part oral. The old man told us a story passed on by oral tradition.36. factor: anything that contributes causally to a result; anything that make something happen Factory: -ory is a suffix that indicate a placemanufact: to make something by hand fact=make37. contradict: vt. 反驳, 与.矛盾The report contradicts what we heard yesterday. Dont contradict your father.deny the truth of; be resistant to 同义：oppose, controvert; prove negative; show to be false 同义：negate38. honor system: a system of conduct in which participants are trusted not to take unfair advantage of others 荣誉制度39. cheat on the exam: 40. turn in homework done by someone else is forbidden. Turn in : n. 向里弯曲(进去, 归还, 缴还, 上床就寝)to surrender someone or something to another 同义：hand over, fork over, fork out, fork up, get in, deliver, rendermake an entrance by turning from a road 41. Violation of the honor system can result in a students failing a course.Excessive dosage of this drug can result in injury to the liver. 这种药使用过量会损害肝脏.Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration. 紧张和疲劳常使人精神不集中。42. suspicion: 猜疑, 怀疑an impression that something might be the case; doubt about someones honesty; the state of being suspected eg. We regard her behaviour with suspicion. His words had sowed the seeds of suspicion in their minds.43. professional: engaged in a profession or engaging in as a profession or means of livelihood ; of or relating to a profession adj. 职业(上)的, 专业的n. 专业人员Dont wear those clothes to work; try to look more professional! She is a real professional. Amateur: engaged in as a pastime 同义：recreational, unpaidlacking professional skill or expertise 同义：amateurish, inexpert, unskilledAmateur actors often overact. The tournament is open to amateurs as well as professionals. He is an amateur painter.44. You would be silly to feel fed up about this. Fed up: annoyed, unhappy, tired of sth厌倦 Shes fed up with being her husbands stooge(附属品). I am just a bit fed up.Part four: Language points in Section C ( text two )45. Are you satisfied with what you achieve in the hours spent studying？ Satisfaction: the contentment you feel when you have done something right 赔偿, 满意, 妥善处理, 乐事, 确信Your satisfaction is guaranteed. 包你满意。The store owner received satisfaction for the damage.46. Here are some hints to help you make the most of your study time. help somebody do/to do/with something/doing something.Hint: an indirect suggestion 同义：intimation(暗示, 讽示, 通知), breath (呼吸, 气息, 微风, 迹象, 精神);a slight indication 同义：clue He has given us no intimation of his intentions/what he intends to do.Do I detect a touch of jaundice (ie a slight hin