2011年广东高考语法填空解题技巧(二)

2011语法填空解题技巧 二 1 阅读 理解语篇的能力 2 分析句子结构的能力 3 熟练运用语法的能力 1 语法填空题 能力要求 1 快速浏览全文 把握文章大意和作者写作意图 总体时态 2 分析句子结构 主谓结构 3 根据上下文把握空格意思 2 语法填空题 解题步骤 3 语法填空题 空格设计 纯空格 介词 连词 代词 冠词 从句引导词 情态动词 强调组动词等 有提示词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 名词 形容词 副词 形容词或副词的比较级或最高级 有提示词的解题技巧 分析句子结构上下文语境 谓语动词 时态和语态 非谓语动词名词 形容词 副词 形容词或副词的比较级或最高级 有提示词 技巧1 句中没有谓语 或者虽然已有谓语动词 但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致 且中间有并列或转折连词时 需填的词则是谓语动词 时态考虑要瞻前顾后 例1 Thefirstcard design byJ C Horsleyasacommercialendeavor wasdesigned 例2 ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractimveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation close mybookandwalkedaway closed 例3 Allovertheworld peoplemovefromplacetoplace Moreandmorepeople leave townsandfarmstomovetocities Thismovement move tocitiesiscalledurbanization areleaving 例4 Smallercarsarejustoneofthedirectionsthatthecarindustryistaking Alsotheindustry produce carsthatpollutelessandhavealessharmfuleffectontheenvironmentthesedays isproducing 例5 Nobodyknowswhat happen ifshehadrefusedtopay wouldhavehappened 例6 Hisfearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildren play withjoyousabandon played 例7 Thehappiest happy ofpeopledon tnecessarily necessary havethebestofeverything theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthat come alongtheirway comes 例8 Thecountrylifehewasusedto change greatlysincetheopeningpolicy haschanged 例9 Theinternationalagreement intendedtoencouragechildrennottosmokeand help peoplekickthehabit sign onFebruary27lastsummer help wassigned 技巧2 若句中已有谓语动词 又不是并列谓语时 所给动词就是非谓语动词 若是非谓语动词就要确定用doing形式 done形式 还是todo形式 非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系 例10 butitisnotenoughonly memorize rulesfromagrammarbook tomemorize 例11 speak outyourinnerfeelingwon tmakeyoufeelashamed onthecontrary Speaking 注意 作主语或宾语时 通常用doing beingdone形式表示习惯或一般情况 用todo tobedone形式表示具体情况或将来 用havingdone havingbeendone表示已发生 例12 complet theprojectasplanned we llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday Tocomplete 例14 Somepeoplesaythatoldestchildren whoaresmartandstrong willed areverylikely success tosucceed 注意 作目的状语或者在固定结构中 一般用todo形式 例13 Theyoungstudentdidallthathecould pass theexaminations topass 例15 Hesawthestone say tohimself Thenightwilllbeverydark saying 注意 分词作伴随状语 原因状语 条件状语等时 要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式 例16 Therewillbeameeting start laterthisyeartoreviewthefilm learned 注意 分词做后置定语也要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式 starting 例17 Lessons learn insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople 例18 At9 07pm Sept 25 TheShenzhouVIIspacecraftwasliftedbythelongMarch Fcarrierrocketintospace ThelaunchoftheShenzhouVIIisChina sthirdmannedspaceventuresinceOctober23 whenitjoinedRussiaandtheUnitedStatesastheonlycountries send astronautsitnospace 注意 名词前有first second last only修饰时 后面要用todo tohavedone做后置定语 tohavesent theonly 例19 Mr Greenwasdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad repair gowrongagain 注意 固定结构如 havesth done seesth done thewaytodo等 repaired 例20 Canyoutellmethewayyouthoughtof work outtheproblem towork 技巧2 词类转换题要先确定在句中的成分 dangerous 例19 Ina danger partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand theylearntto 例20 Theremustbesomething serious wrongwithoursociety seriously varieties 例21 ZhengShouying aprofessorattheFordScienceandTechnologyCollegeofNanjingAgricultureUniversity believesChineseshouldlearntopickthebestmilkfromthe vary thatfillstoreshelves harder 例23 Theotherfrogwentonjumpingashardashecould Hejumpedeven hard andfinallymadehimselfout unnecessary 例22 Yourmistakecausedalotof necessity workintheoffice Storms producedatleast13tornadoessweptalongNesMexico sborderwithTexasonFriday destroy homesandotherbuildingsandinjuringatleast16people severalcritically authoritiessaid The bad damagewasreportedinthetownsofLoganandClovis whichareabout80milesapart policesaid PasagePractice1 destroying which worst Thetornadoesdamagedseveral new builtbuildings toppled 使 倒下 powerlines sparkedfiresthatwerelaterextinguishedinClovis policeLt JamesSchoeffelsaid Thirteenpeoplefrom areawerehospitalizedatthePlainsRegionalMedicalCenter PasagePractice1 and newly the Fivewereincritical 危急的 condition headtrauma 外伤 损伤 saidLizCrouch thecenter schiefoperatingofficer InLogan threepeople take toahospital othersweretreatedatalocalclinic Oneofthemwasavisitor sayinghewouldn thavebeenthereifhe watch theweatherforecastthedaybefore weretaken with while hadwatched Nightafternight shecametotuckmein evenlongaftermychildhoodyears follow herlongstandingcustom she dleandownandpushmylonghairoutoftheway thenkissmyforehead Idon tremember itfirststartedannoyingme herhandspushingmyhairthatway Finally onenight Ishoutedoutather Don tdothat PasagePractice2 when Following anymore yourhandsaretoorough Shedidn tsay inreply Butneveragain mymothercloseoutmyday thatfamiliarexpressionofherlove Timeaftertime withthepassingyears my think returnedtothatnight BythenImissedhergoodnightkissonmyforehead thoughts with did anything NowthosehandsIoncethoughttobesoroughwerestillldoingthingsformeandmyfamily Ifrequentlyrecalledthenightmyyoungvoicecomplained Onenight catchingMon shandinhand IblurtedouthowsorryIwasforthatnight Ithoughtshe dremember Idid ButMomdidn tknowwhatI talk about Shehadforgottenandforgivenlongago wastalking as Thatnight Ifelllasleepwithanew appreciate formygentlemotherand caringhands AndtheguiltthatIhadcarriedaro