必修一unit4定语从句导学案(1)

Practice makes perfect! 罗光莉祝你成功 Unit 4 Grammar定语从句_ period学习目标：1.了解定语从句的概念 2清楚关系代词，并能正确使用。学习重点：能够在具体语境中熟练运用定语从句。学习难点：在具体语境中正确使用关系代词和关系副词。考点分析：语法填空中的准确运用；写作中的灵活运用；在完形填空和阅读理解中，对复合句的正确理解。Part 1.定语从句的定义及其关系代词的使用Step 1. 分析下列句型：1. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.2. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.3. Later that afternoon, another big quake which was as strong as the first one shook Tangshan4.A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty metres wide cut across houses.5. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away.总结：1、定语从句的定义在复合句中，用来修饰_和_的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰词叫_, 用来引导定语从句的关联词叫_,它包括_和_.定语从句分为_和_。(思考：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别是什么？)_2.关系词的用法总结：关系代词和关系副词三大作用：连接（连接定语从句和主句）替代（替代前面的先行词）成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）3. 关系代词的用法总结关系代词先行词（指人或物）在从句中充当什么成分例句分析who指人作主语The boy who is standing there is my cousin.whomThe man (whom) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.The boy (whom) you are looking for is hidden behind the tree.whose =( ) =( ) Do you know the boy whose father is an engineer?He lives in a house whose windows face south.thatI dont know about the man (that) you mentioned.A plane is a machine that can fly.whichThe pen (which) my uncle gave me is missing.Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures.4.定语从句解题四步：第一步,找出先行词； 第二步,找出定语从句第三步,看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（主语、宾语）第四步,选择合适的关系词。5.特殊要点( )1. I like music _ great lyrics. A. that have B. that has C. who have D. who has( )2. I love people _ friendly to others. A. who is B. which are C. that is D. who are 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词要与 在人称和数上保持一致。( )3. This is the highest building _ Ive ever seen. A. which B. that C. what D. where( )4. I really didnt know anything _ happened to Jim yesterday. A. which B. whose C. when D. that ( )5. Who is the man _ is standing over there? Oh, he is my math teacher. A. who B. whom C. that D. which( )6. They are talking about things and persons _ they saw there a few days ago. A.who B. which C. that D. what 关系代词只用 的情况：先行词被最高级、序数词修饰时。先行词是all, any, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只用 先行词既包括人又包括物时。先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。He is the (only) one of the students who is from the south“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句The man to whom he is talking is my father.This is the pen with which I wrote the letter.注意：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用_（指物） 和_（指人）。即：介词+_/_.思考下列两个句子的变化：The man whom/that he is talking to is my father.This is the pen which / that I wrote the letter with.总结：当介词位于定语从句的末尾时，可用_/_（指物），用_/_/_（指人）作介词的宾语，而且做介词宾语的关系代词往往省略。注意：在固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词位于关系代词之前。判断正误：This is the pen for which Im looking. ( )This is the pen which Im looking for. ( )只用which 不用that 的情况1. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。2. 非限制性定语从句中。It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away.(思考：关系代词充当什么成分时可以省略？)关系代词asAs 与which引导定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。1. 关系代词引导的定语从句居句首时。e.g. As we all know, the earth is round.2. 当与such或the same连用时，一般用as。e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. I have the same plan as you.如何区分the same as 和the same that；This is the same book that I lost. _（指同一本书）This is the same book as I lost. _（并不是原来的那一本书）3.as 本身有“正如.正象”. 一类的含义.在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态. 记住以下结构： as is well known as has been said before as was expected as may be imagined as has been already pointed outStep2. Exercises一Choose the best answers: 选择最佳答案1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is there anything else _ you want? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it4. Please take the second chair _ is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that5. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 6. Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. whatever D. that 7. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew.8. I dont like _ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which9. The weather turned out to be very good, _was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows; most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which 二 用 who, whom, whose, which and that.填空1.The man _ I saw told me to wait.2.The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.3. I know a boy _ father is an acrobat. (杂技演员)4. He saw a house _ windows were all broken.5. All the apples _ fall are eaten by wild boars.6. Can you think of anyone _ could look after him?7. This is the best hotel _ I know.8. He showed a machine _ parts are too small to be seen.9. Whats the name of the boy _ bicycle you borrowed?10. I dont know the man to _ I spoke on the phone just now.11. He is a person _ always thinks more of others.12. Is there anything _ I can do for you here?13. The woman _ Jack was sitting next to on the plane talked all the time.14. The beds _ we slept in last night werent very comfortable.三 基础练习1. Is that the house _ you bought last year? A. where B. which2. Is that the picture _ you are laughing at? A. which B. where3. It is the most interesting book _ Ill ever read. A. which B. that4. The street _ is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which5. The person _ finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when6. This is the room _ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. where7. The boy _ mother is ill can not come to the party. A. who B. whose8. Tell me the reason _ you are late. A. which B. why四 填空：1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2. He is a teacher _ I like very much.3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4. Those _ will go to the park stay here.5. That was all the money _ I had.6. Tom is the first boy _ left the room.7. Look at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way.8. You can read any book _ I have.9. That was the year _ I went to America.10. we came to the town, _ we stayed for 2 hours.五，提高题：1. 2011 课标全国卷 The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. 2. 2011 全国卷 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid t