考研-历年真题-1998年考研英语试题及参考答案(1)

98年考研英语试题及参考答案(1)Part One:l . Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery _ just around the corner was untrue.AwouLd be Bto be Cwas Dbeing2. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills _ people each year than automo- bile accidents.Aseven more times Bseven times more Cover seven times Dseven times 3. It s easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and on the vague changes _ place in our ever-changing world.A taking Bto take Ctake Dtaken4. This is an exciting area of study, and one _ which new applications are being discov- ered almost daily.A from Bby C in D through5 . _ can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of his condition.AAs BWhat CThat D It6. Although I had been invited to the opening ceremony , I was unable to attend _ such short notice.Ato Bin Cwith Don7. California has more light than it knows _ to do with but everything else is expensive.A how B what C which D where8. The solution works only for couples who are self-employed, don t have small children and get along _ to spend most of their time together.Aso well Btoo well Cwell as Dwell enough9. Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about _ compliments to his political leaders .Apaying Bhaving paid Cto pay D to have paid. These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital informa- tion than _ in traditional media. Aexist Bexists Cexisting Dto exist. Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a makeup examinationAhad you gone and explained that your parents had been ill at the time.B C D. As the children become financially independent of the family, the emphasis on family fi-A B Cnancial security will shift from protection to save for the retirement years.D. Were the Times Co. to purchase another major media company, there is no doubt that itAcould dramatically transform a family-ran enterprise that still gets 90% of its revenuesB C Dfrom newspapers . Symposium talks will cover a wide range of subjects from overfishing to physical andA Benvironment factors that affect the populations of different species.C D . Convenation calls for a willingness to alternate the role of speaker with one of listener , andA B Cit calls for occasional digestive pauses by both.D. If two theories are equal to their ability to account for a body of data, the theory thatA Bdoes so with the smaller nomber of assumptions is to be preferred.c D. The Committee adopted a resolution requiring the seven automakers selling the most cars inA Bthe state making 2 percent of those vehicles emissions-free by 98.C D. As long as poor people, who in general are colored, are in conflict with richer people, who inA Bgeneral are lighter skin, there s going to be a constant racial conflict in the world.C D . All those left undone may sound greatly in theory, but even the trust believer has great dif-A B Cficulty when it comes to specifics.D20 . Even if automakers modify commercially produced cars to run on alternative fuels, the carsA B Cwon t catch on in a big way when drivers can fill them up at the gas station.D21 . An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to _ further research and fur-ther thinking about a particular topic. A stimulate B renovate C arouse D advocate22 . Although architecture has artistic qualities, it must also satisfy a number of important practi-cal _. A obligations B regulations C observations D considerations23 . Life insurance is financial protection for dependents against loss _ the bread-winner sdeath .Aat the cost of Bon the verge of Cas a result of Dfor the sake of24. In education there should be a good _ among the branches of knowledge that con-tribute to effective thinking and wise judgment . A distribution B balance C combination D assignment25 . The American dream is most _ during the periods of productivity and wealth generat-ed by American capitalism.A plausible B patriotic C primitive D partial26 . Poverty is not _ in most cities although, perhaps because of the crowded conditions incertain areas, it is more visible there. A rare B temporary C prevalent D segmental27. People who live in small towns often seem more friendly than those living in _ popu- lated areas.A densely B intensely C abundantly D highly28. As a way of _ the mails while they were away, the Johnsons asked the cleaning lady to send little printed slips asking the senders to write again later.Apicking up Bcoping with Cpassing out Dgetting across29 . Tom s mother tried hard to persuade him to _ from his intention to invest his savings in stock market .Apull out Bgive up Cdraw in Dback down30. An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical _ , will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology. A interference B interruption C intervention D interaction31 . These causes produced the great change in the country that modernized the _ of high- er education from the mid-60s to the mid-80s. A branch Bcategory t C domain D scope32 . Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the _ in the financial system will drag down the economy. A shallowness B shakiness C scantiness D stiffness33 . Crisis would be the right term to describe the _ in many animal species. . A minimization B restriction C descent D decline34 . The city is an important railroad _ and industrial and convention center.A conjunction B network Cjunction D link35. Prof. White, my respected tutor, frequently reminds me to _ myself of every chance to improve my English. A assure B inform C avail D notify36. Researchers discovered that plants infected with a virus give off a gas that _ disease resistance in neighboring plants. A. contracts B activates C maintains D prescribe37 . Corporations and labor unions have _ great benefits upon their employees and mem- bers as well as upon the general pubtic.A conferred Bgranted C flung D submitted38. The movement of the moon conveniently provided the unit of month, which was _ from one new moon to the next. A measured B reckoned Cjudged D assessed39. The judge ruled that the evidence was inadmissible on the grounds that it was _ to the issue at hand. A irrational B unreasonable C invalid D irrelevant40. Fuel scarcities and price increases _ automobile designers to scale down the largest models and to develop completely new lines of small cars and trucks. A persuaded B prompted C imposed D enlightenedPart two: Cloze TestIndustrial safety does not just happen.Companies _41_ low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them,and continue working to keep them 42 and active. When the work is well done, a 43 of accident-free operations is established _44_ time lost due to injuriesis kept at a minimum.Successful safety programs may 45 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by _46_ rules or regulations._47_ others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every progr8m if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial stand-point alone, safety _48_. The fewer the injury 49,the better the workmans insurance rate. This may mean the diff-erence between operating at _50_or at a loss.41. Aat Bin Con Dwith42. Aalive Bvivid Cmobile D diverse43. Aregulation Bclimate Ccircumstance Drequirement44. Awhere Bhow Cwhat Dunless45. Aalter Bdiffer C shift D distinguish46. A constituting B aggravating Cobserving Djustifying47. ASome BMany CEven DStill48. Acomes off Bturns up Cpays off Dholds up49. Aclaims Breports C declarations D proclamations50. Aan advantage Ba benefit Can interest Da profitPart three:Passage lIts a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your door- mat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Orso the thinking has gone since the early 80s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers misfortunes.Feeling threatened , companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possibLe accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn , among other things, that you might-surprise! -fall off. The label on a child s Batman capecautions that the toy does not enable user to fly. While warnings are often appropriate and necessary-the dangers of drug interactions, for example-and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isnt clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent ofthe companies lose when injured customers take them to court.Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldnt have changed anything. In May , Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois,successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wear- ing a Schutt helmet. We re really sorry he has become paralyzed , but helmets aren t designed to prevent those kinds of injuries , says Nimmons. The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athletes injury. At the same time, the American Law Insti- tute-a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight-issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of ob-vious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities, says a law professor at Cornell law School who helped draft the new guidelines. If the moderate end of