成人学位英语翻译专题练习(Translation rcises).docx

翻译专题练习(Translation Exercises)Translation 1Its a day to celebrate, a time to educate, and a way to make a difference. Earth day was first observed on April 22, 1970. The tradition began in the United States and is now an international focal point for people who are concerned about the environment. Earth day grew out of grassroots action and institutional support. Student leader Denis Hayes and Wisconsin Senator Gaylord Nelson were two key organizers for the first event. Over 20 million concerned citizens rallied for clean air and water. College students were a major force in the campaign, although participants of all ages were involved. Still, we cannot really credit a handful of individuals for the success of Earth Day. After all, a major message of Earth Day is that every single person has an important role in the environment. The four major goals of Earth Day 2000 are clean cars, clean power, clean air, and clean investments.这是一个值得庆祝、教育、使世界变得有所不同的日子。地球日首先是在1970年4月22日创立的。这个传统开始于美国。现在地球日成为所有关心环境人的一个国际性的关注点。地球日发端于草根行动及机构支持。学生领袖丹尼斯。海耶斯和维斯康星州参议员涅尔森是第一个运动的关键组织者。超过2000万的市民集会要求清洁空气和水。尽管不同年龄的参与者都参与其中，大学生是这些运动的主力军。但是我们确实不能只把地球日的成功归功于一小部分人。毕竟，地球日意味着每一个人在环境保护中都起着重要的作用。2000年，地球日的4个主要目标是清洁的汽车、能源、空气和清洁的投资。Translation 2Going to college, there are things youve never dealt with before: living away from home, dealing with roommates, washing your own clothes, but with a little preparation, you can build enough confidence to tackle any stress that comes your way. Living away from home tends to be the toughest adjustment for first-year students. Youve had a job description that clearly tells you your role within your family all of your life. Whichever role you fulfilled at home, when youre gone, youre not sure where you fit in. It may seem like your family is doing fine without you, and you may feel sad about these changes. You may also feel homesick in your first weeks and months. The first thing you should know is that homesickness is very common. In fact, just about everyone experiences it at some point in his or her life. But you still may feel lonely or left out.进入大学后有些事情是你从未处理过的；独立生活、与室友相处、自己动手洗衣服等等。但只要稍稍准备，你就可以建立足够的信心去面对任何压力。对一年级学生而言，独立生活往往最难适应。从小到大，你一直很清楚在家扮演的角色。但无论是什么角色，离家后你就不一定能找到适合自己的舞台。也许，家里没有你之后一切都好，而你却会因为这些改变而感到伤心。在开学后的几周至数月里，你可能还会想家。首先你应该明白，有这种情绪是很普遍、很正常的。其实几乎每个人在一生中都会或多或少经历过这种思念。但即使这样想，你也许仍会感到孤独或被冷落。Translation 3Education plays a very important role in everybodys life. We go to school because we want to know more about the world around us and at the same time extend our horizons of thinking. The typical classroom used to be the place where teachers and students were working and exploring the wonderful world of knowledge together, but now everything has changed. Technology is taking over those interactions and introducing us to a whole new approach of leaning. The Internet is one of those approaches. Learning via the Internet is a new style that many people believe is more successful than the conventional form of teaching. The Internet allows schools to develop a large amount of learning material that is accessible for students online anytime. There are so many choices of courses and subjects or time frames that completing a program is not an issue for students anymore. We found that online education gives us excellent sources of information, saves our time, money and it is extremely convenient.教育在每个人的生活中都扮演着一个非常重要的角色。我们上学是因为了解周围的世界，同时也拓宽自己的视野。过去，传统的教室常是老师和学生共同研究和探索美妙的知识世界的场所，但现在，一切都发生了改变。先进的技术正逐步取代这些交互式的活动并给我们带来一种全新的学习方式。国际因特网便是其中的方式之一。通过因特网学习是一种新的学习方式，许多人认为它比传统的教学方式更加有效。有了因特网，学校能够开发出大量的学习材料以供学生随时从网上获取。在网上，学生对各种课程和时间段有多种选择。因此，完成一项教育计划对学生而言就不再成为问题了。我们发现，在线教育为我们提供了绝好的信息资源，节约了时间和金钱，而且十分方便。Translation 4I know many students who took college prep classes all the way through high school and never read a book in an English class. They read Cliff Notes or Monarch Notes (应试“秘笈”), or they copied work from other people who did. But they didnt cheat just in English classes. They had systems of cheating in every class. Cheating became a way of life. They were always conniving (共谋；串通) and scheming (搞阴谋；策划). Im not that pure. Ive tried cheating, but I soon rejected it. I didnt learn that way, and I lost my self-esteem (自尊). I also feared getting caught; and I discovered that most of the time cheating was hard, stressful work. So I never became a master observer of cheaters, because students almost always see more than teachers do. What I learned was that cheaters often put themselves under more stress than honest students.我认识许多学生，他们从高中阶段就从未在英语课堂上认真读过书。他们或者在临考前翻翻应试“秘笈”，或是抄袭他人的作业。他们不仅在英语课上作弊，在其他课程上也如法炮制。作弊成为了他们的一种生活方式。他们总是在挖空心思想如何作弊。我并不是那么纯洁，也曾试过作弊，但很快就不干了。因为那样没法学到知识，还会因此失去自尊。我还害怕被抓住，我发现作弊决非易事，还要常常提心吊胆。因此我对作弊并不老道，但学生们看到的总比老师多。我知道作弊的学生比诚实的学生压力更大。Translation 5What personal qualities are desirable in a teacher?First, the teachers personality should be lively and attractive. This does not rule out people who are plain-looking, or even ugly, because many such people have great personal charm. But it does rule out such types as the over-excitable, sad, cold, and frustrated.Secondly, I hold it essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. This means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided. There is no contradiction in my going on to say that a teacher should be a bit of an actor. That is part of the technique of teaching, which demands that every now and then a teacher should be able to put on an act to enliven (使生动) a lesson, correct a fault, or award praise.教师最可贵的个人品质是什么？首先，教师应该个性活泼，样貌出众。这不意味着相貌平平，模样丑陋的人就不适合当老师，这其中不乏极具人格魅力的人。但那些性格上过于咋咋呼呼，忧郁，淡漠和消沉的人的确不太适合当老师。第二，我认为教师在知识和道德两方面都必须具备诚实的品质。也就是说，他应该了解自身知识结构的强与弱，善于思考和抉择道德准则，以这些道德准则指导人生。此外，一名教师又应该有一点儿象个演员，这与我刚才谈到的品质并不矛盾。演技就是教学技能的一部分，因为教师时不时应该能够通过表演来活跃课堂，纠正错误或者给予褒奖。Translation 6Languages, particularly English, are not immutable. Languages change. Languages borrow words and phrases from each other. English , in particular, is like a vacuum cleaner, sucking up words and phrases from other languages. English now includes borrowed words and phrases from over 350 languages. Some think that this is harmful to the English language, that we should make efforts to keep English somehow “pure”. However, consider the richness of English and what it has gained from its incorporation and assimilation of other languages. It has and continues to evolve, and through its borrowings, tells its history of the people, cultures, and other languages it has influenced and has been influenced by. What is certain about the future of English is that it will continue to evolve and change.语言，特别是英语，都不是永恒不变的。语言会变化。语言彼此借鉴用法。英语就像吸尘器，吸纳了约350种语言中的词汇。有人认为这对语言有害，因而必须保持英语的纯粹。但是我们得看到当今英语是何其的丰富，以及通过融合吸收所带给英语的好处。她过去是、现在是、将来仍然会承载它所影响的和被影响的人们、文化及语言的历史。确信无疑的是英语将继续进化演变。Translation 7Why do you teach? My friend asked the question when I told him that I didnt want to be considered for an administrative position. He was puzzled that I did not want what was obviously a “set up” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.Certainly I dont teach because teaching is easy for me. Teaching is the most difficult of the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer. For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession. Red-eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing. Sweaty-palm, because Im always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am. Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more boring than usual.你为什么要教书呢？当我告诉一位朋友我不想谋求行政职务时，他便向我提出这一问题。所有美国人受的教育是长大成人后应该追求金钱和权利，而我却偏偏不要明明是朝着这个目标“迈进”的工作，他为之大惑不解。当然，我之所以教书不是因为我觉得教书轻松。我做过各种各样的工作，籍以谋生：机修工、木工、作家，教书可是其中最难的一行。对我来说，教书是个会令人敖红眼睛、手掌出汗、精神沮丧的职业。说敖红眼睛，这是因为我晚上无论备课到多晚，总觉得备得还不充分。说手掌出汗，这是因为我跨进教室之前总是非常紧张，自信学生一定会发现原来我是个傻瓜蛋。说精神沮丧，这是因为我1小时后走出教室时，确信这堂课上得比平常还要平淡无味。Translation 8Of course daydreaming is no substitute for hard work. If its athletic achievement you want, you also have to get lots of practice in your sport. You have to work hard to develop skills. If its school success youre after, you cant neglect studying. Daydreaming alone cant turn you into your hearts desire. But in combination with the more usual methods of self-development, it might make a critical difference. It could be the difference between becoming merely good at something and becoming a champion.If what researchers are saying is true, a life lived without fantasies and daydreams isnt as rich and rewarding as life can be. So they suggest setting aside a few minutes each day for daydreaming. By so doing, you may improve your physical and mental well-being. By taking a ten or fifteen-minute “vacation” into the realm of imagination each day, you may add much to the excitement and enjoyment of your life. And who knows: You might see your own daydreams come true.当然，白日做梦绝不能代替艰苦的努力。如果你要在运动上有所成就，你还得进行大量的练习。你得努力提高技术。如果你要学业优异，你绝不能忽视学习。单是白日做梦不能使你功成名就，如愿以偿。但与较为通常的自我提高的方法结合起来，它就有可能起关键性的作用。是仅仅干得好一些，还是成为冠军，其差别往往在此一举。假如研究人员所说是真，那么没有想入非非、白日做梦的生活就不可能是丰富多彩和富有成就的。因此研究人员建议每天留出几分钟用于白日做梦。这样做，可以改善你的身心健康。每天放上10分钟或15分钟的“假”，到想象的王国里去遨游一番，可以为你的生活增添许多兴奋和乐趣。说不定你真的会见到你的白日梦成为现实呢。Translation 9Today in the United States, there are over 22 million adults using the Web, about half of whom access the Internet at least once a day. Meanwhile, the variety of activities on the Web is broadening at an amazing rate. There is almost no topic about which you cannot find fairly interesting material on the Web. Many of these sites are getting excellent traffic flow. Where are we going to get the time to live with the Web? In some instances, people will actually save time because the Web will make doing things more efficient than in the past, being able to get information about a major purchase, for example, or finding out how much your used car is worth, or what your cheapest way of getting to Florida is. That is easy to find on the Web, even today. In other instances, people will trade the time they now spend reading the paper, or watching television, for information or entertainment they will find on the computer screen.当今美国有2200万个成年人在使用网络，他们中大约半数人要每天至少上互联网一次。同时，网上活动方式正以惊人的速度变得更加多样化。任何一个主题你都能在网上找到与之有关的非常有趣的材料。许多网站正变成极好的商业交易渠道。我们哪有时间消