牛津英语M6U3 Grammar学案 虚拟语气.doc

M6U3 Understanding each otherGrammar【课前案】I.概念语气用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。（1）陈述语气表示所说的话是事实。He achieved success finally.What a nice day it is.(2) 祈使语气表示所说的话是请求或命令。Wait outside until you are asked.(3) 虚拟语气表示所说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况；它是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。II.知识回顾1. If I _ you, I would not trust him. He is always telling lies.A. be B. am C. were D. was2. If he had worked a little harder, he _ the entrance exam then.A. might pass B. might have passed C. passed D. had passed3. If you were to visit someones house in Brunei, you _ your shoes before entering it.A. have to take off B. had to take off C. would have to take off D. will have to take off 【课中案】状语从句中的虚拟语气一、 if 引导的条件状语从句1. (1) If I were a doctor, I might save her life without hesitation.(2) If I stayed at home now, I could play computer games. (3) If I had time, I would attend the meeting.(4) If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.【归纳】与_ 相反 总结形式： 时态 if条件从句主 句与现在事实相反动词用_ _ +动词原形【译一译】(1) 要是他现在在这儿，我们就会问他这件事。 If he _ here now , we _ him about it .(2) 即使她现在在这儿，她也不能解决这个问题。 Even though she _ here , she _ the problem.【选择】(1) Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have had B. had had C. have D. had(2) Mary is ill today. If she _, she _ absent from school.A. were not ill, wouldnt be B. had been ill, wouldnt have beenC. had been ill, should have been D. hadnt been ill, could be2. (1) If I had earned a lot of money last year, I would have bought a car. (2) If he had been here then, we could have asked him about it.【归纳】与_相反【总结形式】 时态 if 条件从 句主句 与过去事实相反 动词用_ +have done 【练一练】(1) If the farmer hadnt seen the snake, he _ (not put) it in the arms. (2) If he _ (not put) it in the arms, the snake wouldnt have bitten him.(3) If the snake _ (not bite) him, he_ (not die).【高考真题】(1) If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken(2) If my car _ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. was B. had been C. should be D. would (3) If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful.A. havent made B. wouldnt make C. didnt make D. hadnt made3. (1) If the prediction in the movie 2012 were true, the earth would be destroyed on December 22nd.(2) If he were to be here tomorrow, we could ask him about it.(3) If he should come tomorrow, I would talk to him about it.总结形式: 时态 if 条件从句 主句 与将来事实相反1. If +主语+ _2. If +主语+ _+动词原形3. If +主语+ _ +动词原形_ +动词原形【练一练】(1) If everyone _ (help) those in need in future, the world would be a much better place.(2) If it _ (be) fine this weekend, we would have a picnic.(3) If I _ (be admit to) a famous university in two years, I would treat you to a big meal.【选择】(1) If you _ tomorrow, you _ find the new manager working in the office.A. should come, would B. would come, would C. will come, should D. comes, might(2) Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. having lived D. were to live二、条件状语的倒装如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以把if去掉，而将were, had, should 提到主语的前面，构成倒装结构，即Were / Should / Had +主+其他(1) If it should be fine tomorrow, we would go for an outing.= Should it be fine tomorrow, we would go for an outing.(2) If I had worked hard, I would have succeed.=Had I worked hard, I would have succeed.(3) If time were to go back, I would work double hard.=_ time _ go back, I would work double hard.注意：在省略句型中，只有had done 的had 才能省略，实义动词had 不能省。If I had time now, I would go to the library. Had I time now, (）【选择】(1) _ more careful, his bus would not have knocked into the tree.A. If the driver were B. Had the driver been C. Should the river be D. If the driver would have been(2) Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _.A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved(3) _ the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily.A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for三错综时间条件句假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词发生的时间不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。(1) If the weather had been fined, the crops would be growing still better.(2) If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.(3) If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you _(know) what we are doing now. 【选择】(1) If I hadnt stood under the ladder to catch you when you